Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The possibility of precipitation of calcium fluoride in water has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
If
If
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Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
- Calculate the molarity of AgNO3 in a solution prepared by dissolving 1.44 g AgNO3 in enough water to form 1.00 L solution.arrow_forwardAccording to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), waste material is classified as toxic and must be handled as hazardous if the lead concentration exceeds 5 mg/L. By adding chloride ion, the lead ion will precipitate as PbCl2, which can be separated from the liquid portion. Once the lead has been removed, the rest of the waste can be sent to a conventional waste treatment facility. How many grams of sodium chloride must be added to 500 L of a waste solution to reduce the concentration of the Pb2+ ion from 10 to 5 mg/L?arrow_forwardSimple acids such as formic acid, HCOOH, and acetic acid, CH3COOH, are very soluble in water; however, fatty acids such as stearic acid, CH3(CH2)16COOH, and palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH, are water-insoluble. Based on what you know about the solubility of alcohols, explain the solubility of these organic acids.arrow_forward
- Calcium carbonate, CaCO3, can be obtained in a very pure state. Standard solutions of calcium ion are usually prepared by dissolving calcium carbonate in acid. What mass of CaCO3 should be taken to prepare 500. mL of 0.0200 M calcium ion solution?arrow_forwardYou are given four different aqueous solutions and told that they each contain NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, or a mixture of these solutes. You do some experiments and gather these data about the samples. Sample A: Phenolphthalein is colorless in the solution. Sample B: The sample was titrated with HCl until the pink color of phenolphthalein disappeared, then methyl orange was added. The solution became pink. Methyl orange changes color from pH 3.01 (red) to pH 4.4 (orange). Sample C: Equal volumes of the sample were titrated with standardized acid. Using phenolphthalein as an indicator required 15.26 mL of standardized acid to change the phenolphthalein color. The other sample required 17.90 mL for a color change using methyl orange as the indicator. Sample D: Two equal volumes of the sample were titrated with standardized HCl. Using phenolphthalein as the indicator, it took 15.00 mL of acid to reach the equivalence point; using methyl orange as the indicator required 30.00 mL HCl to achieve neutralization. Identify the solute in each of the solutions.arrow_forwardUse the appropriate tables to calculate H for (a) the reaction between MgC03(s) and a strong acid to give Mg2+(aq), CO2(g), and water. (b) the precipitation of iron(III) hydroxide from the reaction between iron(III) and hydroxide ions.arrow_forward
- When solutions of BaCl2 and Na2SO4 are mixed, the mixture becomes cloudy. After a few days, a white solid is observed on the bottom of the beaker with a clear liquid above it. (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs. (b) Why is the solution cloudy at first? (c) What happens during the few days of waiting?arrow_forwardFluoridation of city water supplies has been practiced in the United States for several decades. It is done by continuously adding sodium fluoride to water as it comes from a reservoir. Assume you live in a medium-sized city of 150,000 people and that 660 L (170 gal) of water is used per person per day. What mass of sodium fluoride (in kilograms) must be added to the water supply each year (365 days) to have the required fluoride concentration of 1 ppm (part per million)that is, 1 kilogram of fluoride per 1 million kilograms of water? (Sodium fluoride is 45.0% fluoride, and water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3.)arrow_forward
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