Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 55, Problem 14TYK
Which of these processes is incorrectly paired with its description?
- a. nitrification—deposition of nitrate in the soil by lightning and volcanism
- b. nitrogen fixation—reduction of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia
- c. denitrification—return of N2 to air; occurs when denitrifying bacteria
metabolize nitrate - d. ammonification—decomposition of organic compounds to ammonium
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Chapter 55 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 55 - What may happen if the input of a mineral nutrient...Ch. 55 - Compare the movement of energy and chemical...Ch. 55 - a. List some ecosystems with high primary...Ch. 55 - a. Why is production efficiency higher for fishes...Ch. 55 - What is the biological importance of water,...Ch. 55 - a. In which natural ecosystem do nutrients cycle...Ch. 55 - Contrast bioremediation and biological...Ch. 55 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 55 - What is secondary production? How does it relate...Ch. 55 - What processes mediate the interconversion of the...
Ch. 55 - The inefficiency of energy transformations is...Ch. 55 - Which of the following statements about ecosystems...Ch. 55 - Primary production is a. equal to the standing...Ch. 55 - The open ocean and tropical rain forest are the...Ch. 55 - Production in terrestrial ecosystems is affected...Ch. 55 - Which of the following statements concerning net...Ch. 55 - Secondary production is a. measured by the...Ch. 55 - Most food chains have only three to five links....Ch. 55 - Some authors have suggested that humans world-wide...Ch. 55 - Which of the following organisms would you predict...Ch. 55 - If a bird eats seeds with an energy content of 400...Ch. 55 - Biogeochemical cycles are global for elements a....Ch. 55 - The atmosphere is the main reservoir for a. water...Ch. 55 - Which of these processes is incorrectly paired...Ch. 55 - Clear-cutting tropical forests yields agricultural...Ch. 55 - Plants, prokaryotes, and fungi are useful in...Ch. 55 - Which of the following actions is an example of...
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- Denitrification is which of the following? a. Organisms like algae, cyanobacteria and plants are capable of using light energy which is trapped by chlorophyll, to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose b. The first step in the synthesis of virtually all nitrogenous compounds c. The decomposers - certain soil bacteria and fungi e.g. ammonifying bacteria - break down proteins in dead organisms and animal wastes, releasing ammonium ions d. Nitrates are reduced to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria e. Aerobic respiration requires oxygenarrow_forwardWhich of the following organisms improves nitrogen status in legumes? Select one: a. Nitrate reductase b. Rhizobium c. Glutathione d. Mycorrhizae e. Pseudomonasarrow_forwardWhich of the following processes is/are used to fix atmospheric N2? a.bacterial action b.Haber process c.lightning d.transaminationarrow_forward
- a.Briefly describe the roles of Rhizobium, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter and Pseudomonasbacteria in the nitrogen cycle (about 200 words). b. Provide one example for each of the following from the sulfur cycle: a biotic flux a natural abiotic flux an anthropogenic flux..arrow_forwardUse of synthetic fertilizers often leads to the contamination of groundwater with nitrates. Nitrate pollution is also a suspected cause of anoxic "dead zones" in the ocean. Which of the following processes is most likely to help reduce nitrate pollution? A. adding methanogens to the soil B. adding nitrifying bacteria to the soil C. adding denitrifying bacteria to the soil D. using ammonia instead of nitrate as a fertilizerarrow_forwardBelow you are provided with two scenarios of how excess nutrients can enter water systems. For each scenario, water must begin in the atmosphere, as a gas. Using a minimum of 3 stages of the water cycle, complete the process to illustrate each of the scenarios. It is recommended to write the steps out chronologically as well. 1. How do fertilizers or pesticides placed on farmland infiltrate the soil and the aquifer, in relation to the water cycle? 2. Heavy rainfall has the ability to move fertilizers and surface pollutants to other areas, such as the Ocean. Diagram this process using a minimum of 3 water cycle stages, beginning in the atmosphere.arrow_forward
- a. What eventually happens to the nutrients that run off into theocean with sewage and other effluents?b. Why can high mountain communities usually dispense with watertreatment?arrow_forward... Bacteria that grew in the bottom of nutrient broth tube is: a. Anaerobic A b. Flocculent c. Pellicle d. Sediment Reply...arrow_forwardWhich of the following processes is described in the reaction shown in the picture? a.denitrification b.nitrification c.nitrogen fixation d.assimilationarrow_forward
- In the context of the phosphorous cycle, which of the following processes is indicated by arrow ac? A. Erosion B. Convection C. Transpiration D. Evaporation E. Nitrogen fixationarrow_forwardA microbe that relies on nitrogenase for metabolism would benefit from living in a biofilm containing another microbe with which type of metabolism? A. Assimilatory nitrate oxidation B. Dissimilatory sulfite reduction nitrate reduction C. Dissimilatory nitrite oxidation D. Dissimilatory E. Assimilatory nitrate reductionarrow_forwardExamine the following graph. Note that the growth rate increases slowly until the optimum is reached, andthen it declines steeply over higher temperatures. In other words, organisms tolerate a wider range oftemperatures below their optimal temperature than they do above the optimum. Explain this observation please explain the observationarrow_forward
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