Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 50, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Tympanic membrane transmits the air to the three bones that are located in the middle ear and to the oval window. In perilymph pressure, waves are produced by these structures, and these waves pass through a tympanic canal to the vestibular canal.
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which statements are true about the Auditory Function
a. Sound waves are funneled by the auricle down the external acoustic meatus, causing the tympanic membrane to vibrate.
b. The tympanic membrane vibrations are passed along the auditory ossicles to the oval window of the inner ear.
c. Movement of the stapes in the oval window causes the perilymph, vestibular membrane, and endolymph to vibrate, producing movement of the basilar membrane.
d.Movement of the basilar membrane causes bending of the stereocilia of inner hair cells in the spiral organ.
Which of the following is accurate about the maculae of the vestibular apparatus?
a. They detect rotational movements of the head.
b. They are located in the semicircular canal.
c. Nerve signals are generated when the otolithic membrane bends the stereocilia of the hair cells.
d. They are the organs of hearing.
Which of the following statements describes how auditory information can be
encoded?
a. The tonotopic organization is responsible for transforming sounds into
neural codes
b. The one-to-one phase locking of sound wave to neural spikes at low
frequencies
c. The partial phase locking of sound waves to neural spikes at very high
frequencies
d. a. and b.
e. All of the above.
Chapter 50 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 50 - List and describe the four functions common to all...Ch. 50 - Prob. 2IQCh. 50 - Label the parts in the following diagram of the...Ch. 50 - Label the parts of the human eye in the following...Ch. 50 - The receptive field of a ganglion cell includes...Ch. 50 - Prob. 6IQCh. 50 - Identify the components in the following diagram...Ch. 50 - a. Identify the three distinct types of skeletal...Ch. 50 - List an advantage and a disadvantage of each of...Ch. 50 - a. Which mode of locomotion is the most energy...
Ch. 50 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 50 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 50 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 50 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 50 - The eyes of individuals with achromatopsia contain...Ch. 50 - Which of the following structures is incorrectly...Ch. 50 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 50 - The absorption of light by rhodopsin in a rod cell...Ch. 50 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 50 - The role of ATP in muscle contraction is to a....Ch. 50 - How does calcium affect muscle contraction? a. It...Ch. 50 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 50 - Which of the following combinations of animal size...
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- How do we localize where sound is coming from and which structures are responsible? Select all that apply: a. The auditory nerve communicates with the vestibular nuclei to process information about the body's location b. Medial geniculate nucleus processes visual stimuli to locate visual cues associated with the sound c. The hair cells simultaneously process information about frequency as well as the location the sound originated in d. Lateral superior olives respond to differences in the amplitude of sound waves from each ear e. Medial superior olives respond to differences in the time it takes sound to arrive in each eararrow_forwardWhich of the following statements correctly describes the process of hearing? Select one: a. The hair cells farthest from the oval window detect low frequency. b. The hair cells farthest from the oval window detect high pitch. c. The hair cells closest to the oval window detect low amplitude. d. The hair cells closest to the oval window detect high amplitude.arrow_forwardWhich of the following rows correctly completes the following statement about sound transmission? The vibrating ossicles cause the oval window to vibrate; this produces pressure waves in the cochlea. This makes the A move up and down, which causes the hair cells to bend against the В Select one: а. A В basilar membrane tectorial membrane b. A В tectorial membrane basilar membrane C. А В hair cells basilar membrane d. A B organ of Corti tectorial membranearrow_forward
- According to place theory particular frequencies of sound waves are encoded at specific locations along the basilar membrane of the cochlea. 1. A or B: Where on the basilar membrane of the cochlea does a wave of low frequency peak (for example, 400 Hz)? a. base of cochlea or b. apex of cochlea 2. A or B: Where on the basilar membrane of the cochlea does a wave of high frequency peak (for example, 2000 Hz)? a. base of cochlea or b. apex of cochlea In 1 Sentence, what if a 400 Hz tone and a 2000 Hz tone are presented at exactly the same time? Briefly describe the wave in the cochlea in relation to your answers to questions 1 and 2.arrow_forwardwhich statements are true about the Auditory Structures and Functions a. The external ear consists of the auricle and external acoustic meatus. b. The middle ear connects the external and inner ears. The tympanic membrane is stretched across the external acoustic meatus. c. The malleus, incus, and stapes connect the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the outer ear. d. The auditory tube connects the middle ear to the pharynx and functions to equalize pressure.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true of the ear? (Read carefully and select all the correct statements.) A. The cochlea contains the receptors for hearing. B. The auditory bones, in the order they vibrate, are the malleus, incus, and stapes. C. The nerves for hearing and equilibrium are the ninth cranial nerves. D. The eardrum is at the end of the ear canal. E. The receptors that detect movement of the head are hair cells in the organ of Corti. F. The four semicircular canals have hair cells that respond to gravity. G. Air pressure in the middle ear cavity is regulated by the mastoid sinus. H. The auditory areas are in the temporal lobes.arrow_forward
- Involved in the transmission and processing of sound for hearing to take place A. Organ of Corti B. Vestibule C. Semicircular canals D. A, B E. A, B, Carrow_forwardwhat statements are false about Balance a. Static balance evaluates the position of the head relative to gravity and detects linear acceleration and deceleration. b. The utricle and saccule in the inner ear contain maculae. c. The maculae consist of hair cells with the hairs embedded in a gelatinous mass that contains otoliths. d. The gelatinous mass moves in response to gravity.arrow_forwardOuter hair cells contribute to hearing by A moving (contracting or stretching) during specific components of a sound wave. B increasing the amplitude of movement basilar membrane. C sharpening the tuning of the basilar membrane to specific frequencies. D All of the above.arrow_forward
- (Human physiology) Hearing B is characterized by conductive hearing loss caused by an ear infection or blockage that interferes with the transmission of sound to the inner ear.Why does this patient hear bone conduction sound with lower intensity than other patients? (Should this disease reduce the sensitivity of sound perception?) Between A, C and D, which patients had neurological hearing damage causing overall reduction in hearing acuity and which patients had damage caused by an air horn? Why? (sorry for my bad english)arrow_forwardWhat is the major cause of noise induced hearing loss? a. The neurotransmitter released by inner hair cells becomes depleted. b. K+ ions move into the inner hair cells during transduction. c. All of the answers. d. The tympanic membrane becomes stiff and is unable to vibrate. e. The hair cell stereocilia can no longer function.arrow_forwardThe inner ear is responsible for both hearing and balance. One of the diseases affecting the inner ear is Meniere's disease. Affected individuals often experience vertigo, among other symptoms. Vertigo is a sensation that the surroundings are spinning or swaying in the absence of any body movement. Which of the following rows correctly identifies the affected structure and process in individuals experiencing vertigo? Select one: a. Semicircular canals b. Structure Structure Organ of Corti C. Structure Organ of Corti d. Structure Semicircular canals Process Gravitational equilibrium Process Rotational equilibrium Process Gravitational equilibrium Process Rotational equilibriumarrow_forward
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