Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 50, Problem 20TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Muscles are made up of muscles fibers, and the fluid that is filled within these fibers is known as sarcoplasm. The cell membrane that surrounds the muscle fibers is known as sarcolemma.
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All of the following characteristics apply to skeletal muscle except
a. They are striated.
b. They are multinucleated.
c. They are voluntary.
d. They contain intercalated discs.
e. They are attached to the skeleton by means of tendons.
Which of the following statements about the microscopic structure of smooth muscle fibers is incorrect?
a. smooth muscle cells lack myofibrils, sarcomere, and t-tubules
b. smooth muscle cells contain endomysium only
c. smooth muscles cells contain caveolae that sequesters calcium ions
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Which of the following statements about the connective sheath of skeletal muscle is false?
a. the endomysium wraps around every single muscle fiber
b. the perimysium wraps around groups of muscle fibers
c. the epimysium wraps around the whole muscle organ
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Chapter 50 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 50 - List and describe the four functions common to all...Ch. 50 - Prob. 2IQCh. 50 - Label the parts in the following diagram of the...Ch. 50 - Label the parts of the human eye in the following...Ch. 50 - The receptive field of a ganglion cell includes...Ch. 50 - Prob. 6IQCh. 50 - Identify the components in the following diagram...Ch. 50 - a. Identify the three distinct types of skeletal...Ch. 50 - List an advantage and a disadvantage of each of...Ch. 50 - a. Which mode of locomotion is the most energy...
Ch. 50 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 50 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 50 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 50 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 50 - The eyes of individuals with achromatopsia contain...Ch. 50 - Which of the following structures is incorrectly...Ch. 50 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 50 - The absorption of light by rhodopsin in a rod cell...Ch. 50 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 50 - The role of ATP in muscle contraction is to a....Ch. 50 - How does calcium affect muscle contraction? a. It...Ch. 50 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 50 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 50 - Which of the following combinations of animal size...
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- Cardiac muscle cells differ from skeletal muscle cells because: a. They can respond to neurotransmitters.b. They are striated.c. They contain intercalated discs and gap junctions.d. They require calcium for contraction.arrow_forwardWhich of the following could prevent skeletal muscle from contracting? Select one or more: a. Preventing calcium from surrounding myofibrils. b. Maintaining high levels of calcium around myofibrils c. Preventing sodium from entering a cell d. Allowing constant entry of sodium into a cellarrow_forwardSkeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are similar in that both types of muscle a. have cells that branch. b. contain intercalated discs. c. are under involuntary control. d. are striated.arrow_forward
- Which of the following changes takes place when a skeletal muscle contracts?A. Z discs move farther apart.B. Actin filaments contract.C. Myosin filaments contract.D. Sarcomeres become shorter.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a microscopic feature of a skeletal muscle fiber? a. It contains multiple nuclei that are centrally located b. it contains myoglobin for oxygen storage c. it contains glycosomes for glycogen storage d. a and b e. b and carrow_forwardWhich of the following statements relating to smooth muscle is true? a. single-unit smooth muscles contract rhythmically due to gap junctions b. multi-unit smooth muscles are arranged like skeletal muscle motor units c. visceral smooth muscles exhibit spontaneous action potentials d. multi-unit smooth muscles exhibit graded contractions in response to neural stimuli e. all of the abovearrow_forward
- Calmodulin is found in smooth muscle cells and performs a similar function to troponin in striated muscle fibers. However, calmodulin not only gets activated by Ca2+ but also slows the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. How might this difference relate to the different kinds of contractions smooth muscles do in comparison to striated muscles?arrow_forwardMark the following statements as true for smooth muscle tissue, cardiac muscle tissue, and/or skeletal muscle tissue. a. _____ Actin attaches to dense bodies. b. _____ Cells are joined by intercalated discs. c. _____ The thick and thin filaments are arranged into sarcomeres. d. _____ The thick filaments contain myosin heads along their entire length. e. _____ The cells depolarize and contract as a unit. f. _____ Calcium ions binding to troponin is the initiating event of contraction. g. _____ Calcium ions binding to calmodulin is the initiating event of contraction. h. _____ The sarcolemma has a distinct motor end plate.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not involved in the relaxation of smooth muscle fibers? a. calcium ion detachment from calmodulin b. active transport of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum c. dephosphorylation of myosin d. all of the above e. none of the abovearrow_forward
- What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage? a.myofibrillar network b.sarcoplasmic reticulum c.intermediate filament network d.mitochondriaarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the site of calcium ion storage within muscles? a. T tubules b. sarcoplasmic reticulum c. actin filaments d. myosin filamentsarrow_forwardWhy is the latent period longer during an isotonic twitch of a skeletalmuscle fiber than it is during an isometric twitch?a. Excitation–contraction coupling is slower during an isotonic twitch.b. Action potentials propagate more slowly when the fiber is shortening,so extra time is required to activate the entire fiber.c. In addition to the time for excitation-contraction coupling, it takesextra time for enough cross-bridges to attach to make the tension in themuscle fiber greater than the load.d. Fatigue sets in much more quickly during isotonic contractions, andwhen muscles are fatigued the cross-bridges move much more slowly.e. The latent period is longer because isotonic twitches only occur in slow(type I) muscle fibers.arrow_forward
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