Understanding Our Universe
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614428
Author: PALEN, Stacy, Kay, Laura, Blumenthal, George (george Ray)
Publisher: W.w. Norton & Company,
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Chapter 5, Problem 9QAP
To determine
The factor that determines the direction of revolution in the plane of the solar system.
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Read this main idea: The sun is the center of our solar system. Choose three details that go with the main idea.
The sun's gravity holds the planets in place. It provides them with heat and light.
The largest stars, called supergiants, are 1,500 times bigger than our sun.
It takes Earth 365 days to orbit the sun. Jupiter takes 12 years!
Our sun is not the largest or hottest star. It is a medium sized yellow star.
Radio telescopes use radio waves to show stars in great detail.
Astronomers long ago and today use star charts to map star locations.
All of the planets in our solar system revolve around one star-our sun.
Stars can be blue, white, yellow, or red. Blue stars are the hottest.
A reflector telescope bounces star light through mirrors.
A certain binary system consists of two stars that have equal masses and revolve in circular orbits around a fixed point half-way between them.
If the orbital velocity of each star is v=186 km/s and the orbital period of each is 11.3 days, calculate the mass M of each star. Give your answer in units of the solar mass, 1.99×1030 kg (e.g. if each planet's mass is 3.98×1030 kg, you would answer "2.00").
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula?
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding a nebula?
It is believed that each planet in our solar system began as its own nebula.
Over time, a nebula becomes cooler and grows in size.
The density of a nebula is greatest at the edges and least in the center.
There are no nebulas left in our galaxy because they have all formed stars and planets.
Over time, a star will form at the center of a nebula.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Understanding Our Universe
Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 5.1CYUCh. 5.2 - Prob. 5.2CYUCh. 5.3 - Prob. 5.3CYUCh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.4CYUCh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.5CYUCh. 5.6 - Prob. 5.6CYUCh. 5 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 4QAP
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 18QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 21QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 22QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 23QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 31QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 35QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 42QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 45QAP
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- The light a planet receives from the Sun (per square meter of planet surface) decreases with the square of the distance from the Sun. So a planet that is twice as far from the Sun as Earth receives (1/2)2=0.25 times (25%) as much light and a planet that is three times as far from the Sun receives (1/3)2=0.11 times (11%) as much light. How much light is received by the moons of Jupiter and Saturn (compared to Earth), worlds which orbit 5.2 and 9.5 times farther from the Sun than Earth?arrow_forwardThe center of our galaxy lies in the direction of the constellation of a. Ursa Minor. b. Ursa Major. c. Sagittarius. d. Orion. e. Monoceros.arrow_forwardTime From this light curve, we can deduce that... O the star has a high mass exoplanet orbiting it O the star has an exoplanet orbiting it that has an eccentric orbit O the star has an exoplanet orbiting it that has an eccentric orbit O the star has an exoplanet that is not on the same orbital plane as the star L Brightnessarrow_forward
- Radio maps of our galaxy show spiral arms because a. the arms have larger Doppler shifts. b. the gas in the spiral arms is very hot. c. the dust in spiral arms is denser. d. the gas in spiral arms is denser. e. the stars in the spiral arms emit most of their energy at radio wavelengths.arrow_forwardThe microlensing technique for detecting extrasolar planets involves obtaining OBSERVING brightness measurements of a star and identifying brief, periodic dips in its brightness infrared images of a planet with the light from its host star blocked out a spectrum of a star and identifying periodic wavelength shifts in its features brightness measurements of a star and identifying a brief magnification in its brightness a spectrum of an extrasolar planet and identifying elements and compounds present in its atmospherearrow_forwardH5. A star with mass 1.05 M has a luminosity of 4.49 × 1026 W and effective temperature of 5700 K. It dims to 4.42 × 1026 W every 1.39 Earth days due to a transiting exoplanet. The duration of the transit reveals that the exoplanet orbits at a distance of 0.0617 AU. Based on this information, calculate the radius of the planet (expressed in Jupiter radii) and the minimum inclination of its orbit to our line of sight. Follow up observations of the star in part reveal that a spectral feature with a rest wavelength of 656 nm is redshifted by 1.41×10−3 nm with the same period as the observed transit. Assuming a circular orbit what can be inferred about the planet’s mass (expressed in Jupiter masses)?arrow_forward
- Astronomers frequently say that “there are more stars in the universe than there are grains of sand on all the beaches on the earth”. Given that a typical grain of sand is about 0.5 – 1.0 mm in diameter, estimate the number of grains of sand on all the earth’s beaches. The diameter of the Earth is 12,742 km. About 1011 About 1016 About 1021.arrow_forwardThe brightness of a "young" star sometimes increases and decreases as a result of regional areas of "hot" and "cold" on the star's surface as well as variations in the density of the star's planet-forming debris, which can obstruct light. Suppose that for a particular star, the average magnitude (measure of brightness) is 4.3 with a variation of ±0.31 (on the magnitude scale, brighter objects have a smaller magnitude than dimmer objects). Furthermore, the magnitude of a star is initially observed to be 4.61, and the time between minimum brightness and maximum brightness is 6.4 days. Write a simple harmonic motion model to describe the magnitude Mof the star for day t.arrow_forwardDoppler shift lets you see a star move back and forth. look larger and smaller. look bluer and redder-but the shift is extremely small and is visible only if is moving towards and away from you, so it only works from certain viewing angles. O look brighter and dimmer. O The Doppler shift brightens up a dim planet so you can see it.arrow_forward
- The number of stars in the Milky Way Galaxy is approximately a few hundred billion a few billion a few million a few hundred millionarrow_forwardConsider the attached light curve for a transiting planet observed by the Kepler mission. If the host star is identical to the sun, what is the radius of this planet? Give your answer in terms of the radius of Jupiter. Brightness of Star Residual Flux 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.006 0.002 0.000 -8-881 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0.00 Time (days) → 0.02 0.04 0.06arrow_forwardF2 Planets in the habitable zone of their stars: 1 #3 3 O are so far from their stars that it is very difficult to discover them O are at a temperature where water can exist as a liquid on the planet's surface O are always the planets closest to the star are also called hot Jupiters O cannot exist around stars that are red dwarfs (spectral type M) E G D F3 $ 54 2 4 R F4 LL F DII % 5 Q Search F5 T 9 -0. G < 6 A F6 Y * F7 & 7 H PrtScn U FB 8 Home Jarrow_forward
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