Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 7PDQ
How do mammals, including humans, solve the “dosage problem” caused by the presence of an X and Y chromosome in one sex and two X chromosomes in the other sex?
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Female flies with white eyes and miniature wings (both X-linkedrecessive traits) were crossed to male flies with red eyes and longwings. On rare occasions, female offspring were produced withwhite eyes. If we assume these females are due to errors in meiosis, what would be the most likely chromosomal composition ofsuch flies? What would be their wing length?
Butterflies have an X-Y sex-determination system that is different from that of flies or humans. Female butterflies may be either XY or X0, while butterflies with two or more X chromosomes are males. This photograph shows a tiger swallowtail gynandromorph, which is half male (left side) and half female (right side). Given that the first division of the zygote divides the embryo into the future right and left halves of the butterfly, propose a hypothesis that explains how nondisjunction during the first mitosis might have produced this unusual-looking butterfly.
Question is also in the picture.
Barr bodies are formed to adjust X chromosome dosage in species other than humans, such as Drosophila (fruit flies) and C. elegans (nematodes). True or False ?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 5 -
CASE STUDY | Doggone it!
A dog breeder...Ch. 5 - CASE STUDY| Doggone it! A dog breeder discovers...Ch. 5 - CASE STUDY| Doggone it! A dog breeder discovers...Ch. 5 -
CASE STUDY | Doggone it!
A dog breeder...Ch. 5 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we have focused...Ch. 5 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 84. These...Ch. 5 - As related to sex determination, what is meant by...Ch. 5 -
4. Contrast the life cycle of a plant such as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5PDQCh. 5 -
6. Describe the major difference between sex...
Ch. 5 - How do mammals, including humans, solve the...Ch. 5 -
8. What specific observations (evidence) support...Ch. 5 - Describe how nondisjunction in human female...Ch. 5 -
10. An insect species is discovered in which the...Ch. 5 -
11. Given your answers to Problem 10, is it...Ch. 5 - When cows have twin calves of unlike sex...Ch. 5 -
13. An attached-X female fly, XXY (see the...Ch. 5 -
14. Assume that on rare occasions the attached X...Ch. 5 - It is believed that any male-determining genes...Ch. 5 -
16. What is a Barr body, and where is it found...Ch. 5 - Indicate the expected number of Barr bodies in...Ch. 5 - Define the Lyon hypothesis.Ch. 5 - Can the Lyon hypothesis be tested in a human...Ch. 5 - Predict the potential effect of the Lyon...Ch. 5 -
21. Cat breeders are aware that kittens...Ch. 5 -
22. What does the apparent need for dosage...Ch. 5 - In mice, the Sry gene (see Section 5.2) is located...Ch. 5 - The genes encoding the red- and...Ch. 5 - In mice, the X-linked dominant mutation Testicular...Ch. 5 -
26. Shown here are graphs that plot the...Ch. 5 -
27. In chickens, a key gene involved in sex...
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- A specific human individual with a male sex has the same sex chromosome complement as a metafemale Drosophila fly. Both individuals have a diploid set of autosomes.i) What is the sex chromosome complement of these two individuals? ii) If these individuals were produced from a fertilization event involving an abnormal egg and abnormal sperm cell, provide the genetic make-up of the two gametes? Clearly indicate the male and female gametes.arrow_forwardAlthough most tortoiseshell cats are female, a litter of kittens will occasionally contain a male tortoiseshell. Which of the following can explain tortoiseshell coat color in a male kitten? Please explain in detail. The male kitten has an extra Y chromosome The male kitten has an extra X chromosome The male kitten has no X chromosome The male kitten cannot carry out X-inactivationarrow_forwardIn Drosophila, the X chromosomes may become attached to one another (XXn ) such that they always segregate together. Some flies thus contain a set of attached X chromosomes plus a Y chromosome. (a) What sex would such a fly be? Explain why this is so. (b) Given the answer to part (a), predict the sex of the off-spring that would occur in a cross between this fly and a normal one of the opposite sex. (c) If the offspring described in part (b) are allowed to interbreed, what will be the outcome?arrow_forward
- Chromosomal nondisjunction of the X chromosome in female gametes of humans means that live offspring can include ________. A) females with XX or XXX, and males with XY or XXY B) females with XX, and males with XY C) females with XX, and males with XY or XO D) females with XX or XXX, and males with XY or XO E) females with XX or XO, and males with XY or OYarrow_forwardIn fruit flies, eye color is an X-linked trait. Red eyes (XB) are dominant to maroon eyes (Xb). A male with red eyes mates with a female with maroon eyes. What will be the eye color of the flies in the F1 generation? A) Males: Maroon, Females: Red B) Males: Maroon, Females: Maroon C) Males: Red, Females: Maroon D) Males: Red, Females: Red E) Males: Maroon, Females: Red or Maroonarrow_forwardWhat is the number of sex chromosomes in male honey bees? We know that the chromosome set of males in honey bees is 1n and the chromosome set of female honeys is 2n, and based on this, the number of autosomal chromosomes in male honeybees is 16 chromosomes, and the number of autosomal chromosomes in female honey is 32 chromosomes, but if The male was haploid (1n) Will this make the number of autosomes equal to the number of sex chromosomes? Please clarify the answerarrow_forward
- In Drosophila,, the curled mutation (cu, chromosome 3, position 50.0) results in wings that curl up, while ebony (e, chromosome 3, position 70.7) results in a dark body. True breeding, wild type females are mated with true breeding males with curled wings and ebony bodies. Considering Drosophila notation, which of the following correctly diagrams the P1 cross? X X ++ e + + + O+ X + X + ■ + X + + + 3+ X X X X + + Y Y cu cu cu + cu cu J e e e e e (D e + cu cu (Darrow_forwardIn fruit flies, chromosomal crossing over does not occur in meiosis in males, whereas crossing over does occur in meiosis in females. In fruit flies that are heterozygous at many genes (i.e. many maternal and paternal versions of the genes differ), at what stage would cells no longer be heterozygous for any gene during the process of meiosis? a)After the second meiotic division in males, and after the first meiotic division in females. b)After the second meiotic division in both males and females. c)After the first meiotic division in both males and females. d)After the first meiotic division in males, and after the second meiotic division in females.arrow_forwardIf nondisjunction occurs in humans for one pair of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I. The other pairs segregate normally. a) Will any normal gametes result? b) How many chromosomes will each human gamete have? If nondisjunction occurs in humans for sister chromatids during meiosis II. The other pairs segregate normally. a) Will any normal gametes result? b) How many chromosomes will each human gamete have?arrow_forward
- A scientist working with Drosophila flies studies wing length, an X-linked characteristic. He has pure-breeding lines of short-winged and long-winged flies available. He decides to use reciprocal crosses for his work.i) What are reciprocal crosses? ii) Provide an example of the reciprocal crosses this scientist will do.iii) If the gene for wing length was sex-linked, but present in the pseudoautosomal region, what would you expect the outcome of a reciprocal cross to be with regards to males and females?arrow_forwardWhy are people with balanced chromosomal translocations phenotypically normal? Do they suffer from reduced fertility? Why?arrow_forwardHuman females have two X chromosomes (XX); males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). a. With respect to X-linked alleles, how many different types of gametes can a male produce? b. If a female is homozygous for an X-linked allele, how many types of gametes can she produce with respect to that allele? c. If a female is heterozygous for an X-linked allele, how many types of gametes can she produce with respect to that allele?arrow_forward
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