EBK MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR ENGINEE
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134425115
Author: Schmid
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.11Q
To determine
The expansion of gray iron during contraction.
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Q1/ In a homogeneous solidification process, assume molten metal solidifies into a spherical
nucleus with a BCC structure. The given data are; lattice parameter (0.292 nm), the heat of
fusion energy (1.85×10-9 J/m³), latent surface free energy (0.204 J/m²), critical radius (1-35
nm), equilibrium melting temperature (1516 K), and room temperature (27 °C). Calculate the
following for this metal;
(a) supercooling value temperature (b) activation tree energy (c) number of atoms in a
nucleus of critical size.
2) Explain the reasons for shrinkage that occurs during solidification of a cylindrical
casting
What do you make for compensation of shrinkage depending on the
casting operation?
Under uniform cooling, a spherical casting of 25
mm diameter undergoes volumetric solidification
shrinkage and volumetric solid contraction of 2.5%
and 6.2%, respectively. Determine the diameter of
the casting after solidification.
Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR ENGINEE
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.1QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.2QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.3QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.4QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.6QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.7QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.8QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.9QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.10Q
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.12QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.13QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.14QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.15QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.16QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.17QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.18QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.19QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.20QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.21QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.22QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.23QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.25QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.26QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.27QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.28QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.29QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.30QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.31QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.32QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.33QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.34QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.35QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.36QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.37QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.39QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.40QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.41QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.42QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.47QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.48QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.49QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.50QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.51QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.52QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.53QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.54QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.55QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.56QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.57QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.58QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.59QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.60QCh. 5 - Prob. 5.61PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.62PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.63PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.64PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.65PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.66PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.67PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.68PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.69PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.70PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.71PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.72PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.73PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.74PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.75PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.76PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.77PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.78PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.79PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.80PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.81PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.82PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.83PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.84PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.85PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.86PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.87PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.88PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.89PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.90PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.91PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.92PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.93DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.94DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.95DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.96DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.97DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.98DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.99DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.100DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.101DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.102DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.103DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.104DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.105DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.106DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.107DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.108DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.109DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.110DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.111DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.112DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.113DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.114DCh. 5 - Prob. 5.115D
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- A slab of 1500 mm x 750 mm x 500 mm is required to be cast using a sand casting process. It was observed previously that the total solidification time (T) for this casting = 1.6 min. Find out the cylindrical riser dimensions (diameter to height ratio = 1) for a solidification time T = 5 min.arrow_forwardWith a solidification factor of 0.97 x 106 s/m², the solidification time (in seconds) for a spherical casting of 200 mm diameter is...arrow_forward(b) What are the factors that affecting the freezing rate during solidification of the molten metal and evaluate why nearly all metals experience shrinkage during solidification process.arrow_forward
- Describe the stages involved in the contraction of metals during casting.(a) Contraction of the molten metals as it cools prior to its solidification.(b) Contraction of the metal during phase change from liquid to solid.(c) Contraction of the solidified metals as its temperature drops to ambient temperature.(d) All of above.(e) None of above.2. What kinds of defects in castings?(a) Hot tear.(b) Surface scar.(c) Plastic deformation.(d) Ductile flow.3. How does porosity have detrimental effects on the mechanical and physical properties ofcastings?(a) Pores in castings are resulted from internal discontinuities when that are prone topropagate under external stresses.(b) The toughness of a material will decrease as a result of porosity.(c) Physical properties, such as thermal and electrical conductivity, also be adverselyaffected by porosity.(d) Pores increase the strength and elastic modulus.(e) Porosity increases both the thermal and electrical conductivity4. Thermosetting plastics can…arrow_forwardExplain how grain boundaries are formed upon solidification of metals.arrow_forwardA riser in the shape of a sphere is to be designed for a sand casting mould at Simon Castings. The casting is a rectangular plate, with length = 400 mm, width = 250 mm, and thickness = 15 mm. If the total solidification time of the casting itself is known to be 7 min, determine the diameter of the riser so that it will take 30% longer for the riser to solidify.arrow_forward
- . A round casting is 0.2 m in diameter and 1 m in length. Another casting of the same metal iselliptical in cross section, with a major-to-minor axis ratio of 2, and has the same length andcross sectional area as the round casting. Both pieces are cast under the same conditions.What is the difference in the solidification times of the two castings?arrow_forwardA 5 cm cube solidifies in 4.6 min. Assume n=2. Calculate (a) the mold constant in Chvorinov’s rule and (b) the solidification time for a 1.25 cm X 12.5 cm X 15 cm bar cast under the same conditionsarrow_forwardIn casting experiments performed during a certain alloy and type of sand mould it took 155 second for a cube shaped casting to solidify. The cube was 50 mm on a side. (i) Determine the value of the mould constant in Chvorinov's Rule. (ii) If the same alloy and mould type were used, find the total solidification time for cylindrical casting in which the diameter D = 30 mm and length L = 50 mm. %3Darrow_forward
- A riser in the shape of a sphere is to be designed for a sand casting mold. The casting is a rectangular plate, with length = 100 mm, width = 50 mm, and thickness = 10 mm. If the total solidification time of the casting itself is known to be 2.5 min, determine the diameter of the riser so that it will take 20% longer for the riser to solidify. %3D %3!arrow_forwardA mole of supercooled liquid of silver, undergoing isothermal irreversible solidification at 700 °C, releases 11,393 J of heat. Calculate the specific heat, C. Assume that C does not depend on temperature. Data: Cp(s) = 21.3 + 8.55 x 10-3T+1.50 x 105T-2 J/K•M01, Tmp= 961.9 °C, Lf (latent heat of fusion) = 11.3 kJ/Molarrow_forward/The total solidification times of three casting shapes are to be compared: (1) a sphere with diameter= 10 cm, (2) a cylinder with diameter and length both = 10 cm, and (3) a cube with each side = 10 cm. The same casting alloy is used in the three cases. (a) Determine the relative solidification timesfor each geometry. (b) Based on the results of part (a), which geometric element would make the best riser? (c) If the mold constant = 3.5 min/cm2 in Chvorinov's rule, compute the total solidification time for each casting.arrow_forward
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Explanation of Solidification of Metals & Alloys | Manufacturing Processes; Author: Magic Marks;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G5z9KknF_s8;License: Standard Youtube License