Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 24E
Is it possible for two different atoms of carbon to have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei? Explain.
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Question 12 of 22
Calculate the mass defect of Nitrogen (A = 14, Z = 7). The atomic mass of Nitrogen is 14.00307 u. (Note: The mass of a hydrogen atom is mH =
1.007825 u, and the mass of the neutron is mN = 1.008665 u.)
00
1.21 u
0.53 u
0.25 u
0.11 u
zero
c) The equation below describes the disintegration of a polonium nucleus into a
lead nucleus and an alpha-particle. During the reaction energy Q is
released.
210Po → He +²02Pb+Q
84
82
Calculate the loss of energy during the reaction.
The masses in the atomic mass unit u are as follows:
210
206
Po= 209.98287 u, Pb = 205.97446 u and He = 4.002604 u.
84
82
You may assume that 1u is equivalent to 931 MeV.
d) The lead nucleus recoils in the opposite direction to the emitted alpha particle
conserving momentum. Hence calculate:
i) The ratio of the recoil nucleus and alpha particle velocities
ii) The kinetic energy distribution of these products.
How much energy in kJ is released to form one mole of 75As from protons, electrons, and neutrons if the nucleus has a mass of 74.921594 amu? The masses of the proton, electron and neutron are 1.00728 amu, 0.000549 amu and 1.00867 amu, respectively.
-3.15e10 kJ/mol
-6.31e10 kJ/mol
-6.31e13 kJ/mol
3.15e13 kJ/mol
Chapter 5 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 5 - What distinguishes one type of electromagnetic...Ch. 5 - What is a wave? Use the terms wavelength and...Ch. 5 - Is your textbook the kind of idealized object...Ch. 5 - Where in an atom would you expect to find...Ch. 5 - Explain how emission lines and absorption lines...Ch. 5 - Explain how the Doppler effect works for sound...Ch. 5 - What kind of motion for a star does not produce a...Ch. 5 - Describe how Bohr’s model used the work of...Ch. 5 - Explain why light is referred to as...Ch. 5 - Explain the difference between radiation as it is...
Ch. 5 - What are the differences between light waves and...Ch. 5 - Which type of wave has a longer wavelength: AM...Ch. 5 - Explain why astronomers long ago believed that...Ch. 5 - Explain what the ionosphere is and how it...Ch. 5 - Which is more dangerous to living things, gamma...Ch. 5 - Explain why we have to observe stars and other...Ch. 5 - Explain why hotter objects tend to radiate more...Ch. 5 - Explain how we can deduce the temperature of a...Ch. 5 - Explain what dispersion is and how astronomers use...Ch. 5 - Explain why glass prisms disperse light.Ch. 5 - Explain what Joseph Fraunhofer discovered about...Ch. 5 - Explain how we use spectral absorption and...Ch. 5 - Explain the results of Rutherford’s gold foil...Ch. 5 - Is it possible for two different atoms of carbon...Ch. 5 - What are the three isotopes of hydrogen, and how...Ch. 5 - Explain how electrons use light energy to move...Ch. 5 - Explain why astronomers use the term “blueshifted”...Ch. 5 - If spectral line wavelengths are changing for...Ch. 5 - Make a list of some of the many practical...Ch. 5 - With what type of electromagnetic radiation would...Ch. 5 - Why is it dangerous to be exposed to X-rays but...Ch. 5 - Go outside on a clear night, wait 15 minutes for...Ch. 5 - Water faucets are often labeled with a red dot for...Ch. 5 - Suppose you are standing at the exact center of a...Ch. 5 - How could you measure Earth’s orbital speed by...Ch. 5 - Astronomers want to make maps of the sky showing...Ch. 5 - The greenhouse effect can be explained easily if...Ch. 5 - An idealized radiating object does not reflect or...Ch. 5 - Why are ionized gases typically only found in very...Ch. 5 - Explain why each element has a unique spectrum of...Ch. 5 - What is the wavelength of the carrier wave of a...Ch. 5 - What is the frequency of a red laser beam, with a...Ch. 5 - You go to a dance club to forget how hard your...Ch. 5 - What is the energy of the photon with the...Ch. 5 - If the emitted infrared radiation from Pluto, has...Ch. 5 - What is the temperature of a star whose maximum...
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