Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 5, Problem 17E
Explain why hotter objects tend to
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If a photon has a given wavelength (units of m), how do I calculate its energy in units of joules?
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A 2.0-kg object falls from a height of 5.0 m to the ground. If all the gravitational potential energy of this mass could be converted to visible light of wavelength 5.0 × 10−7 m, how many photons would be produced?
Lightning produces a maximum air temperature on the order of 9.7 ✕ 103 K, whereas a nuclear explosion produces a temperature on the order of 9.6 ✕ 106 K. Use Wien's displacement law to calculate the wavelength of the thermally-produced photons radiated with greatest intensity by each of these sources. Select the part of the electromagnetic spectrum where you would expect each to radiate most strongly.
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?max ≈ nm
It radiates most strongly in the part of the spectrum.
(b) nuclear explosion
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It radiates most strongly in the part of the spectrum.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 5 - What distinguishes one type of electromagnetic...Ch. 5 - What is a wave? Use the terms wavelength and...Ch. 5 - Is your textbook the kind of idealized object...Ch. 5 - Where in an atom would you expect to find...Ch. 5 - Explain how emission lines and absorption lines...Ch. 5 - Explain how the Doppler effect works for sound...Ch. 5 - What kind of motion for a star does not produce a...Ch. 5 - Describe how Bohr’s model used the work of...Ch. 5 - Explain why light is referred to as...Ch. 5 - Explain the difference between radiation as it is...
Ch. 5 - What are the differences between light waves and...Ch. 5 - Which type of wave has a longer wavelength: AM...Ch. 5 - Explain why astronomers long ago believed that...Ch. 5 - Explain what the ionosphere is and how it...Ch. 5 - Which is more dangerous to living things, gamma...Ch. 5 - Explain why we have to observe stars and other...Ch. 5 - Explain why hotter objects tend to radiate more...Ch. 5 - Explain how we can deduce the temperature of a...Ch. 5 - Explain what dispersion is and how astronomers use...Ch. 5 - Explain why glass prisms disperse light.Ch. 5 - Explain what Joseph Fraunhofer discovered about...Ch. 5 - Explain how we use spectral absorption and...Ch. 5 - Explain the results of Rutherford’s gold foil...Ch. 5 - Is it possible for two different atoms of carbon...Ch. 5 - What are the three isotopes of hydrogen, and how...Ch. 5 - Explain how electrons use light energy to move...Ch. 5 - Explain why astronomers use the term “blueshifted”...Ch. 5 - If spectral line wavelengths are changing for...Ch. 5 - Make a list of some of the many practical...Ch. 5 - With what type of electromagnetic radiation would...Ch. 5 - Why is it dangerous to be exposed to X-rays but...Ch. 5 - Go outside on a clear night, wait 15 minutes for...Ch. 5 - Water faucets are often labeled with a red dot for...Ch. 5 - Suppose you are standing at the exact center of a...Ch. 5 - How could you measure Earth’s orbital speed by...Ch. 5 - Astronomers want to make maps of the sky showing...Ch. 5 - The greenhouse effect can be explained easily if...Ch. 5 - An idealized radiating object does not reflect or...Ch. 5 - Why are ionized gases typically only found in very...Ch. 5 - Explain why each element has a unique spectrum of...Ch. 5 - What is the wavelength of the carrier wave of a...Ch. 5 - What is the frequency of a red laser beam, with a...Ch. 5 - You go to a dance club to forget how hard your...Ch. 5 - What is the energy of the photon with the...Ch. 5 - If the emitted infrared radiation from Pluto, has...Ch. 5 - What is the temperature of a star whose maximum...
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- 1. Wien’s Law states that the peak wavelength of photons emitted by an object is inversely proportional to the object’s absolute temperature. For a 4,000 K body, the peak photon wavelength is 1000 nm. What is the peak wavelength of photons emitted by an object with a surface temperature of 212 F? 2. An object with a temperature of 5,000 K emits an electromagnetic (EM) flux of 50 nanowatts. Apply the blackbody radiation law to calculate approximate EM flux emitted by this body if its temperature is changed to 18,000 F.arrow_forwardThings around you are emitting infrared radiation that includes the wavelength 1.01 *10-5 m. What is the energy of these IR photons?arrow_forwardBlackbody radiation. a) Calculate the energy (in Joules) of an infrared photon with a frequency of 3×1012 Hz.(Remember Planck’s constant is h = 6.63 × 10−34 J.s) b) Calculate the wavelength of a photon which has an energy of 3.79 × 10−19J. (What colour of light does this wavelength correspond to?) c) What is the temperature of a star which has a blackbody peak wavelength of 500 nm? d) What is the peak emission frequency of a star which has a blackbody temperature of 10000 K?arrow_forward
- If the wavelength of a photon is doubled, describe what happens to its energy. How would you describe the frequency of such light?arrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding An iron poker is being heated. As its temperature rises, the poker begins to glow-first dull red, then bright red, then orange, and then yellow. Use either the blackbody radiation curve or Wien’s law to explain these changes in the color of the glow.arrow_forwardDetermine the power intensity of radiation per unit wavelength emitted at a wavelength of 500.0 nm by a blackbody at a temperature of 10,000 K.arrow_forward
- If everything radiates electromagnetic energy, why can we not see objects at room temperature in a dark room?arrow_forwardTreat the human body as a blackbody and determine the percentage increase in the total power of its radiation when its temperature increases from 98.6 °F to 103 ° F.arrow_forward
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