Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780073401331
Author: William Navidi Prof.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 11SE
In the article “Groundwater Electromagnetic Imaging in Complex Geological and Topographical Regions: A Case Study of a Tectonic Boundary in the French Alps” (S. Houtot, R Tarits, et al., Geophysics, 2002:1048–1060), the pH was measured for several water samples in various locations near Gittaz Lake in the French Alps. The results for 11 locations on the northern side of the lake and for 6 locations on the southern side are as follows:
Northern side: 8.1 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.2 7.4
7.3 7.4 8.1 8.1 7.9
Southern side: 7.8 8.2 7.9 7.9 8.1 8.1
Find a 98% confidence interval for the difference in pH between the northern and southern side.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Following are measurements of soil concentrations (in mg /kg) of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) at20 sites in the area of Cleveland, Ohio. These data are taken from the article "Variation in NorthAmerican Regulatory Guidance for Heavy Metal Surface Soil Contamination at Commercial andIndustrial Sites" (A. Jennings and J. Ma, J. Environment Eng, 2007:587-609).
Cr: 260 19 36 247 263 319 317 277 319 264 23 29 61 119 33 281 21 35 64 30Ni: 435 377 359 53 38 38 54 188 397 33 92 490 28 35 799 347 321 32 74 508
(a) Construct a histogram for each set of concentrations.
(b) Find the 1st, 2nd and 3rd quartiles for the Cr concentrations
(c) Find the 1st, 2nd and 3rd quartiles for the Ni concentrations.
Following are measurements of soil concentrations (in mg /kg) of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) at20 sites in the area of Cleveland, Ohio. These data are taken from the article "Variation in NorthAmerican Regulatory Guidance for Heavy Metal Surface Soil Contamination at Commercial andIndustrial Sites" (A. Jennings and J. Ma, J. Environment Eng, 2007:587-609).Cr: 260 19 36 247 263 319 317 277 319 264 23 29 61 119 33 281 21 35 64 30Ni: 435 377 359 53 38 38 54 188 397 33 92 490 28 35 799 347 321 32 74 508
(d) Use these to construct comparative boxplots for the two sets of concentrations.
(e) Using the boxplots, what differences can be seen between the two sets of concentrations?
The article "Characteristics and Trends of River Discharge into Hudson, James, and Ungava
Bays, 1964-2000" (S. Dery, M. Stieglitz, et al., Journal of Climate, 2005:2540-2557)
presents measurements of discharge rate x (in kmlyr) andpeakflow y (in m/s) for 42 rivers
that drain into the Hudson, James, and Ungava Bays. The data are shown in the following
table:
Discharge
Peak Flow
94.24
4110.3
66.57
4961.7
59.79
10275.5
48.52
6616.9
40.00
7459.5
32.30
2784.4
31.20
3266.7
30.69
4368.7
26.65
1328.5
22.75
4437.6
21.20
1983.0
20.57
1320.1
19.77
1735.7
18.62
1944.1
17.96
3420.2
17.84
2655.3
16.06
3470.3
1561.6
14.69
11.63
869.8
11.19
936.8
11.08
1315.7
10.92
1727.1
9.94
768.1
7.86
483.3
Chapter 5 Solutions
Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
Ch. 5.1 - Find the value of Z/2 to use in expression (5.1)...Ch. 5.1 - Find the levels of the confidence intervals that...Ch. 5.1 - As the confidence level goes up, the reliability...Ch. 5.1 - The article Modeling Arterial Signal Optimization...Ch. 5.1 - In a sample of 100 steel wires the average...Ch. 5.1 - The article Application of Surgical Navigation to...Ch. 5.1 - The capacities (in ampere-hours) were measured for...Ch. 5.1 - Oven thermostats were tested by setting them to...Ch. 5.1 - In a sample of 80 ten-penny nails, the average...Ch. 5.1 - In a sample of 60 electric motors, the average...
Ch. 5.1 - The sugar content in a one-cup serving of a...Ch. 5.1 - Refer to Exercise 5. a. Find a 95% lower...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 5.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 5.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 5.1 - Refer to Exercise 9. a. Find a 90% upper...Ch. 5.1 - Refer to Exercise 10. a. Find a 98% lower...Ch. 5.1 - Refer to Exercise 11. a. Find a 95% upper...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 5.1 - A 95% confidence interval for a population mean is...Ch. 5.1 - Based on a large sample of capacitors of a certain...Ch. 5.1 - Sixty-four independent measurements were made of...Ch. 5.1 - A large box contains 10,000 ball bearings. A...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 5.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 5.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 5.2 - In a simple random sample of 70 automobiles...Ch. 5.2 - During a recent drought, a water utility in a...Ch. 5.2 - A soft-drink manufacturer purchases aluminum cans...Ch. 5.2 - The article HIV-positive Smokers Considering...Ch. 5.2 - The article The Functional Outcomes of Total Knee...Ch. 5.2 - Refer to Exercise 1. Find a 95% lower confidence...Ch. 5.2 - Refer to Exercise 2. Find a 98% upper confidence...Ch. 5.2 - Refer to Exercise 4. Find a 99% lower confidence...Ch. 5.2 - A random sample of 400 electronic components...Ch. 5.2 - Refer to Exercise 9. A device will be manufactured...Ch. 5.2 - When the light turns yellow, should you stop or go...Ch. 5.2 - In a random sample of 150 customers of a...Ch. 5.2 - A sociologist is interested in surveying workers...Ch. 5.2 - Stainless steels can be susceptible to stress...Ch. 5.2 - The article A Music Key Detection Method Based on...Ch. 5.2 - A stock market analyst notices that in a certain...Ch. 5.3 - Find the value of tn1,/2 needed to construct a...Ch. 5.3 - Find the value of tn1, needed to construct an...Ch. 5.3 - Find the level of a two-sided confidence interval...Ch. 5.3 - True or false: The Students t distribution may be...Ch. 5.3 - The article Wind-Uplift Capacity of Residential...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 5.3 - The article An Automatic Visual System for Marble...Ch. 5.3 - A chemist made eight independent measurements of...Ch. 5.3 - Six measurements are taken of the thickness of a...Ch. 5.3 - Fission tracks are trails found in uranium-bearing...Ch. 5.3 - The article Effect of Granular Subbase Thickness...Ch. 5.3 - The article Influence of Penetration Rate on...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 5.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 5.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 5.3 - The concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) in a gas...Ch. 5.3 - The article Filtration Rates of the Zebra Mussel...Ch. 5.4 - To study the effect of curing temperature on shear...Ch. 5.4 - The article Some Parameters of the Population...Ch. 5.4 - The article Inconsistent Health Perceptions for US...Ch. 5.4 - The article Hatching Distribution of Eggs Varying...Ch. 5.4 - The article Automatic Filtering of Outliers in RR...Ch. 5.4 - A group of 78 people enrolled in a weight-loss...Ch. 5.4 - In experiments to determine the effectiveness of...Ch. 5.4 - A stress analysis was conducted on random samples...Ch. 5.4 - In a study to compare two different corrosion...Ch. 5.4 - An electrical engineer wishes to compare the mean...Ch. 5.4 - In a study of the effect of cooling rate on the...Ch. 5.4 - Refer to Exercise 11. Ten more welds will be made...Ch. 5.4 - The article The Prevalence of Daytime Napping and...Ch. 5.4 - The article Occurrence and Distribution of...Ch. 5.5 - In a test of the effect of dampness on electric...Ch. 5.5 - The specification for the pull strength of a wire...Ch. 5.5 - Angioplasty is a medical procedure in which an...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 4ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 6ECh. 5.5 - In a study of contamination at landfills...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 8ECh. 5.5 - A mobile computer network consists of a number of...Ch. 5.5 - The article Evaluation of Criteria for Setting...Ch. 5.5 - In a certain year, there were 80 days with...Ch. 5.6 - In a study comparing various methods of gold...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 2ECh. 5.6 - In an experiment involving the breaking strength...Ch. 5.6 - A new post-surgical treatment is being compared...Ch. 5.6 - The article Differences in Susceptibilities of...Ch. 5.6 - The article Tibiofemoral Cartilage Thickness...Ch. 5.6 - During the spring of 1999, many fuel storage...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 8ECh. 5.6 - The article Toward a Lifespan Metric of Reading...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 10ECh. 5.6 - Measurements of the sodium content in samples of...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 12ECh. 5.6 - Prob. 13ECh. 5.6 - In the article Bactericidal Properties of Flat...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 15ECh. 5.7 - The article Simulation of the Hot Carbonate...Ch. 5.7 - The article Effect of Refrigeration on the...Ch. 5.7 - Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) is a measure of...Ch. 5.7 - Breathing rates, in breaths per minute, were...Ch. 5.7 - A group of five individuals with high blood...Ch. 5.7 - A sample of 10 diesel trucks were run both hot and...Ch. 5.7 - For a sample of nine automobiles, the mileage (in...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 8ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 9ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 10ECh. 5.8 - Find the following values. a. 12,.0252 b. 12,.9752...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 2ECh. 5.8 - Construct a 99% confidence interval for the...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 4ECh. 5.8 - Scores on an IQ test are normally distributed. A...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 6ECh. 5.8 - Boxes of cereal are labeled as containing 14...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 8ECh. 5.8 - Following are interest rates (annual percentage...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 10ECh. 5.8 - Prob. 11ECh. 5.8 - Prob. 12ECh. 5.9 - A sample of 25 resistors, each labeled 100, had an...Ch. 5.9 - Prob. 2ECh. 5.9 - The article Ozone for Removal of Acute Toxicity...Ch. 5.9 - Six measurements were made of the concentration...Ch. 5.9 - Five measurements are taken of the octane rating...Ch. 5 - A molecular biologist is studying the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2SECh. 5 - The article Genetically Based Tolerance to...Ch. 5 - A sample of 87 glass sheets has a mean thickness...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5SECh. 5 - Prob. 6SECh. 5 - Leakage from underground fuel tanks has been a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8SECh. 5 - Prob. 9SECh. 5 - Prob. 10SECh. 5 - In the article Groundwater Electromagnetic Imaging...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12SECh. 5 - Prob. 13SECh. 5 - Prob. 14SECh. 5 - A metallurgist makes several measurements of the...Ch. 5 - In a study of the lifetimes of electronic...Ch. 5 - The temperature of a certain solution is estimated...Ch. 5 - Prob. 18SECh. 5 - Prob. 19SECh. 5 - The answer to Exercise 19 part (d) is needed for...Ch. 5 - The carbon content (in ppm) was measured for each...Ch. 5 - Diameters, in mm, were measured for eight...Ch. 5 - A sample of eight repair records for a certain...Ch. 5 - Prob. 25SE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The depth of wetting of a soil is the depth to which water content will increase owing to extemal factors. The article "Discussion of Method for Evaluation of Depth of Wetting in Residential Areas" (J. Nelson, K. Chao, and D. Overton, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2011:293-296) discusses the relationship between depth of wetting beneath a structure and the age of the structure. The article presents measurements of depth of wetting, in meters, and the ages, in years, of 21 houses, as shown in the following table. Age Depth 7.6 4 4.6 6.1 9.1 3 4.3 7.3 5.2 10.4 15.5 5.8 10.7 4 5.5 6.1 10.7 10.4 4.6 7.0 6.1 14 16.8 10 9.1 8.8 Compute the least-squares line for predicting depth of wetting (y) from age (x). b. Identify a point with an unusually large x-value. Compute the least-squares line that results from deletion of this point. Identify another point which can be classified as an outlier. Compute the least-squares line that results from deletion of the outlier,…arrow_forwardThe article "Modeling Resilient Modulus and Temperature Correction for Saudi Roads" (H. Wahhab, I. Asi, and R. Ramadhan, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2001:298– 305) describes a study designed to predict the resilient modulus of pavement from physical properties. The following table presents data for the resilient modulus at 40°Cin10® kPa (y), the surface area of the aggregate in m²/kg (x1), and the softening point of the asphalt in °C (х). y X1 X2 1.48 5.77 60.5 1.70 7.45 74.2 2.03 8.14 67.6 2.86 8.73 70.0 2.43 7.12 64.6 3.06 6.89 65.3 2.44 8.64 66.2 1.29 6.58 64.1 3.53 9.10 68.6 1.04 8.06 58.8 1.88 5.93 63.2 1.90 8.17 62.1 1.76 9.84 68.9 2.82 7.17 72.2 1.00 7.78 54.1 The full quadratic model is y = + P,x, + PzX, + Pz*jXz + Pxx¡ + Bzx; + €. Which submodel of this full model do you believe is most appropriate? Justify your answer by fitting two or more models and comparing the results.arrow_forwardThe article "Electrical Impedance Variation with Water Saturation in Rock" (Q. Su, Q. Feng, and Z. Shang, Geophysics, 2000:68–75) reports measurements of permeabilities (in 10-3um?), porosities (in percent), and surface area per unit volume of pore space (in 104 cm -1) for several rock samples. The results are presented in the following table, denoting In Permeability by y, porosity by x1, and surface area per unit volume by x2. y -0.27 х, 19.83 X2 9.55 2.58 17.93 10.97 3.18 21.27 31.02 1.70 18.67 28.12 -1.17 7.98 52.35 -0.27 10.16 32.82 17.86 13.48 -0.53 57.66 -0.29 21.10 4.94 17.49 9.15 1.94 14.18 11.72 3.74 23.88 5.43 0.58 10.52 20.03 -0.56 18.92 13.10 -0.49 18.55 12.78 -0.01 13.72 40.28 -1.71 9.12 53.67 14.39 11.38 -0.12 26.75 -0.92 75.62 2.18 16.59 9.95 4.46 16.77 7.88 2.11 18.55 88.10 -0.04 18.02 10.95 Fit the model y = 6, + B,X1 + B>x2 + B3x;xX2 + ɛ. Compute the analysis of variance table. a. b. Fit the model y = Bo + B;X1 + B2X2 + ɛ. Compute the analysis of variance table. c.…arrow_forward
- The article “‘Little Ice Age’ Proxy Glacier Mall Balance Records Reconstructed from Tree Rings in the Mt. Waddington Area, British Columbia Coast Mountains, Canada” (S. Larocque and D. Smith, The Holocene, 2005:748–757) evaluates the use of tree ring widths to estimate changes in the masses of glaciers. For the Sentinel glacier, the net mass balance (change in mass between the end of one summer and the end of the next summer) was measured for 23 years. During the same time period, the tree ring index for white bark pine trees was measured, and the sample correlation between net mass balance and tree ring index was r = −0.509. Can you conclude that the population correlation ρ differs from 0?arrow_forwardThe article "Characterization of Effects of Thermal Property of Aggregate on the Carbon Footprint of Asphalt Industries in China" (A. Jamshidi, K. Kkurumisawa, et al., Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2017: 118-130) presents the results measurements of CO, emissions produced during the manufacture of asphalt. Three measurements were taken at each of three mixing temperatures. The results are presented in the following table: Temperature (*C) Emissions (100kt) 160 9.52 14.10 7.43 145 8.37 6.54 12.40 130 7.24 10.70 5.66 Construct an ANOVA table. You may give a range for the P-value. Can you conclude that the mean emissions differ with mixing temperature? a.arrow_forwardThis dataset includes measurements of soil temperature and soil respiration at three places along the riverbank (upper, mid, and lower; the upper site is far away from water and the lower site is close to water). Please help describe and interpret the results below:arrow_forward
- The article "Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in a Mid-Western Coastal Aquifer System" (S. Jeen, J. Kim, et al., Geosciences Journal, 2001:339-348) presents measurements of various properties of shallow groundwater in a certain aquifer system in Korea. Following are measurements of electrical conductivity (in microsiemens per centimeter) for 23 water samples. 2099 528 2030 1350 1018 384 1499 1265 375 424 789 810 522 513 488 200 215 486 257 557 260 461 500 a) Find the mean, median, mode, and standard deviation. b) Construct a histogram using relative frequency on the y-axis and comment on the shape of the distribution.arrow_forwardThe article “Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in a Mid-Western CoastalAquifer System” (S. Jeen, J. Kim, et al., Geosciences Journal, 2001:339–348) presentsmeasurements of various properties of shallow groundwater in a certain aquifer system inKorea. Following are measurements of electrical conductivity (in microsiemens percentimeter) for 23 water samples.2099 528 2030 1350 1018 384 14991265 375 424 789 810 522 513488 200 215 486 257 557 260461 500Find the mean.Find the standard deviation.Find the median.Construct a dotplot.Find the 10% trimmed mean.Find the first quartile.Find the third quartile.Find the interquartile range.Construct a boxplot.Which of the points, if any, are outliers?If a histogram were constructed, would it be skewed to the left, skewed to the right, orapproximately symmetric?arrow_forwardThe article "Influence of Freezing Temperature on Hydraulic Conductivity of Silty Clay" (J. Konrad and M. Samson, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2000:180–187) describes a study of factors affecting hydraulic conductivity of soils. The measurements of hydraulic conductivity in units of 108 cm/s (y), initial void ratio (x), and thawed void ratio (x2) for 12 specimens of silty clay are presented in the following table. y 1.01 1.12 1.04 1.30 1.01 1.04 0.955 1.15 1.23 1.28 1.23 1.30 0.84 0.88 0.85 0.95 0.88 0.86 0.85 0.89 0.90 0.94 0.88 0.90 X1 0.81 0.85 0.87 0.92 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.92 0.88 0.92 X2 Fit the model y = Bo + fix1 + e. For each coefficient, test the null hypothesis that it is equal to 0. Fit the model y = Bo + Bzx2 + e. For each coefficient, test the null hypothesis that it is equal to 0. Fit the model y = Bo + BzX1 + Bzxz + e. For each coefficient, test the null hypothesis that it is equal to 0. d. Which of the models in parts (a) to (c) is…arrow_forward
- The article "Experimental Measurement of Radiative Heat Transfer in Gas-Solid Suspension Flow System" (G. Han, K. Tuzla, and J. Chen, AIChe Journal, 2002:1910- 1916) discusses the calibration of a radiometer. Several measurements were made on the electromotive force readings of the radiometer (in volts) and the radiation flux (in kilowatts per square meter). The results (read from a graph) are presented in the following table. Heat flux (y) 15 31 51 55 67 89 Signal output (x) 1.08 2.42 4.17 4.46 5.17 6.92 Compute the least-squares line for predicting heat flux from the signal output. If the radiometer reads 3.00 V, predict the heat flux. If the radiometer reads 8.00 V, should the heat flux be predicted? If so, predict it. If not, explain why. C.arrow_forwardThe article "Change in Creep Behavior of Plexiform Bone with Phosphate Ion Treatment" (R. Regimbal, C. DePaula, and N. Guzelsu, Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, 2003:11-25) describes an experiment to study the effects of saline and phosphate ion solutions on mechanical properties of plexiform bone. The following table presents the yield stress measurements for six specimens treated with either saline (NaCI) or phosphate ion (Na,HPO4) solution, at a temperature of either 25°C or 37°C. (The article presents means and standard deviations only; the values in the table are consistent with these.) Solution Temperature NaCl Yield Stress (MPa) 138.40 130.89 94.646 96.653 116.90 88.215 25°C NaCl 37°C 92.312 147.28 116.48 88.802 114.37 90.737 Na,HPO, 25°C 120.18 129.43 139.76 132.75 137.23 121.73 Na,HPO4 37°C 123.50 128.94 102.86 99.941 161.68 136.44 a. Estimate all main effects and interactions. b. Construct an ANOVA table. You may give ranges for the P-values. Is the additive model…arrow_forwardQ1A) List down the measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion 1) Q1B) The operations manager of a plant that manufactures tires wants to compare the actual inner diameters of two grades of tires, each of which is expected to be 575 millimeters. A sample of five tires of each grade was selected, and the results representing the inner diameters of the tires, ranked from smallest to largest, are as follows. Grade X grade Y 568 570 575 578 584 573 574 575 577 578 requirement. a) for each of the tow grades of tries, compute the mwan, median, and standred deviation. b) which grade of tire providing better quality? explain. c) what would be the effect on your answer in (a) and (b) if the last value for grade Y were 588 insert 578 explain. PLEAS ANSWER Q1&B. THANK YOU.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License