Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 48, Problem 13TYU
Summary Introduction

To develop: A hypothesis to explain why glucose is normally present in glomerular filtrate not in urine while in persons with diabetes mellitus have glucose in their urine as well as increased urine output.

Introduction: The kidney is an important organ of the excretory system and nephron is the basic structural unit of the kidney. As blood passes through the kidneys, it filters the nitrogenous waste to form urine. The processes include glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. It maintains the homeostasis of the body.

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The image for activity below reinforces the location of glucose transports within the epithelial cells forming the wall of the Choose from the following: (A) Bowman's capsule (B) glomerular capillaries (C) proximal convoluted tubule (D) nephron loop (E) distal convoluted tubule (F) collecting duct
The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is filtered into the Bowman’s capsule and secreted via transport proteins in the renal tubules, but it is NOT reabsorbed. The lines on the following graph represent filtration, secretion and excretion rates of this drug at various plasma concentrations.  For the three lines shown (labeled A-C) identify which line represents filtration, which line represents secretion, and which line represents excretion  Explain how you determined this.
1 Name three hormones involved in controlling the level of glucose in the blood and state the effect of each on the level of glucose. 100 Figure 2 shows the relative concentrations of three substances in the filtrate as it passes along the nephron. (NB the scale is not linear.) urea 20 2 Urea is a waste product of the body that is removed by the kidneys. The quantity of urea in the filtrate entering the nephron does not change significantly as the filtrate passes along the nephron. Explain why the level of urea shown in Figure 2 rises considerably as the filtrate passes along the nephron. 3 Suggest the name of substance A and explain the 5.0 1.0 Substance A 0.2- 0.05 reasons for your answer. 4 Suggest the name of substance B and explain the Substance reasons for your answer. 0.01 5 One symptom of diabetes is dehydration. From your knowledge of how water is reabsorbed in the collecting ducts, explain why diabetes might cause dehydration. Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal…

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Biology (MindTap Course List)

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