Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 48, Problem 3TYU
Test Your Understanding
3 To compensate for fluid loss, many marine bony fishes (a) accumulate urea (b) have glands that excrete glucose (c) eat a low-protein diet (d) excrete a large volume of hypertonic urine (e) drink sea water
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1) It is _____for aquatic vertebrates to maintain a body temperature different from their surroundings because ______.
A) easier; water is a much better insulator than air due to its greater density
B) easier; it is possible for fish to absorb heat from the surrounding water by countercurrent exchange even when the water is colder than the fish
C) harder; water is a better conductor of heat than air
D) harder; terestrial vertebrates can use countercurrent exchange to absorb heat from air that is cooler than their bodies
2) Compared to terrestrial environments, marine environments have_____."
A) greater differences in temperature between hot and cold seasons
B) smaller differences in temperature between hot and cold seasons
C) the same amount of seasonal variability in temperature
You are studying a large tropical reptile that has a high and relatively stable body temperature. How do you determine whether this animal is an endotherm or an ectotherm? (A) You know from its high and stable body temperature that it must be an endotherm. (B) You subject this reptile to various temperatures in the lab and find that its body temperature and metabolic rate change with the ambient temperature. You conclude that it is an ectotherm. (C) You note that its environment has a high and stable temperature. Because its body temperature matches the environmental temperature, you conclude that it is an ectotherm. (D) You measure the metabolic rate of the reptile, and because it is higher than that of a related species that lives in temperate forests, you conclude that this reptile is an endotherm and its relative is an ectotherm.
Most marine invertebrates are osmotic conformers. How does their body fluid differ from that of sharks and rays, which are also in near osmotic equilibrium with their environment?
Chapter 48 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.1 - How does osmoregulation contribute to homeostasis?Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.2 - What are the benefits of excreting nitrogenous...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 48.3 - Compare the structure and function of...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.4 - Relate the function of the vertebrate kidney to...
Ch. 48.4 - Compare adaptations for osmoregulation in...Ch. 48.4 - What type of osmoregulatory challenge is faced by...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 48.5 - Describe (and label on a diagram) the structures...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 48 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 48 - Test Your Understanding 3 To compensate for fluid...Ch. 48 - The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a)...Ch. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 8 Which is not true of...Ch. 48 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 48 - Arrange the following structures into an accurate...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 12 VISUALIZE Label the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 48 - EVOLUTION LINK The number of protonephridia in a...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 16 EVOLUTION LINK The...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 17 EVOLUTION LINK Although...Ch. 48 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY A person with...
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- If osmoregulatory hypotonic fish species are generally bony fish and osmoregulatory hypertonic fish species are generally soft and absorbent. Does it mean the reason for them being soft or bony from an evolutionary standpoint gives reason to why they are formed that way? Basically what I'm trying to ask is whether they are hypotonic or hypertonic, does it have a correlation to why they are bony or muscular like in structure.arrow_forward1. What is the purpose of a "Thermal Homeostasis of Gold Fish" lab? 2. Are fish warm-blooded or cold-blooded animals? 3. How do external temperatures affect cold-blooded animals?4. How do external temperatures affect warm-blooded animals? 5. What do you think will happen if you increase/decrease the temperature of a goldfish’s water? 6. What is the hypothesis on the effects of external effects on temperature homeostasis of a goldfish?arrow_forwardWhich of the following forms the content of the space indicated by the black asterisk? Choose from the following: (A) extracellular fluid of the connective tissue matrix (B) plasma (C) intracellular fluid (D) filtrate high in sodium ions, glucose molecules, and amino acids (E) filtrate - glucose and amino acids absent (F) urinearrow_forward
- Freshwater vertebrates ... A. are hyperosmotic regulators. B. produce large volumes of hypoosmotic urtine. C. maintain lower osmolalities of extracellular fluid (blood) compared with marine fishes in order to reduce osmotic water intake. D. are adapted to take in Na+, Cl– and Ca2+ by means of active transport across the gills and skin. E. ALl of the above answer choices correctly complete the sentence.arrow_forwardWhich of the following comparisons between active and the passive transport systems best describes them? (A) Active transport svstem does not require ATP molecules, while passive •transoort system does (B) Passive transport system does not require ATP molecules, while active transport system does (C) Both the active and the passive transport systems require ATP molecules. (D) Neither the active nor the passive transport system requires ATP molecules.arrow_forwardA laboratory technician accidentally places red blood cells in a hypertonic solution. What happens? (a) They undergo plasmolysis (b) They build up turgor pressure (c) They swell (d) They pump solutes out (e) They become dehydrated and shrunkenarrow_forward
- Most of the water in an animal’s bodya. lacks any type of dissolved ions or other solutes.b. is found in the spaces between cells.c. is contained inside the cells.d. is located in the extracellular fluid.e. is unable to move between body compartments.arrow_forwardThe functional unit of the mammalian kidney is similar to a piece of dialysis tubing. Quantities of blood plasma that contain dilute amounts of the waste product urea are filtered into the nephron. The concentration of urea in the developing urine is increased by moving water from inside the nephron to the outside. Urea is a larger molecule than water, and unlike water, cannot pass through the membrane of the nephron. Imagine you have been given a piece of dialysis tubing that simulates the nephron membrane, a dilute solution of urea in water, and a beaker of salt water. Applying the concepts and methods used in this investigation, describe how you could concentrate the dilute solution of urea. You can use a drawing to help explain your ideas.arrow_forwardWhales can be deep divers with seemingly no ill effects. In the article by Hooker and Baird (1999), why do they suspect the whale dives were aerobic? Why do whales lower their ascent rate when diving to these great deptharrow_forward
- Topic:Excretion in animals Distinguish isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solution from one another relative to an animal’s intracellular fluid.arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 17 EVOLUTION LINK Although the kidney is basically similar in all vertebrates, its structure and function vary somewhat among vertebrate taxa. What are some of the adaptations that have occurred during the evolution of the vertebrate kidney?arrow_forwardElectrochemical gradients (a) power simple diffusion (b) are established by pinocytosis (c) are necessary for transport by aquaporins (d) are established by concentration gradients (e) are a result of both an electric charge difference and a concentration difference between the two sides of the membranearrow_forward
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