Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 45.2, Problem 4CC
what if? → Lab tests of two patients, each diagnosed with excessive thyroid hormone production, revealed elevated levels of TSH in one but not the other. Was the diagnosis of one patient necessarily incorrect? Explain.
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WHAT IF? Propose an explanation for why defectsin a particular hormone cascade pathway observed inpatients typically affect the final gland in the pathwayrather than the hypothalamus or pituitary.
WHAT IF? Lab tests of two patients, each diagnosedwith excessive thyroid hormone production, revealedelevated levels of TSH in one but not the other. Was thediagnosis of one patient necessarily incorrect? Explain.
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Question 1: Insulin can have pleiotropic (wide ranging) effects in cells because...?
1. The insulin receptor phosphorylates with a family of substrates inside the cell
2. There are over 20 versions of the insulin receptor expressed in vertebrates
3. The insulin receptor heterodimers with the GH and PRL receptors
4. MRAP (membrane associated receptor proteins) couple the insulin receptor to different
effector pathways
Question 2: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is accurately described by which of the following statements?
1. It is not a member of the peptide hormone superfamily
2. It binds to a 1-TMS receptor that signals through guanylate cyclase
3. It is sulphated on tyrosine residues for full activity
4. It is proteolytically released from POMC by gut cells
Question 3: Insulin...
1. Is released from the pancreas in vertebrates and invertebrates
2. Is released from the vertebrate pancreas in response to hyperglycemia
3. Is…
Chapter 45 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 45.1 - How do response mechanisms in target cells differ...Ch. 45.1 - What type of gland would you expect to secrete...Ch. 45.1 - WHAT IF? Predict what would happen if you...Ch. 45.2 - What are the roles of oxytocin and prolactin in...Ch. 45.2 - How do the two fused glands of the pituitary gland...Ch. 45.2 - WHAT IF? 2192 Propose an explanation for why...Ch. 45.2 - what if? Lab tests of two patients, each...Ch. 45.3 - If a hormone pathway produces a transient response...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 45.3 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 45 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What forms of signaling activate...Ch. 45 - Which major endocrine organs described in Figure...Ch. 45 - Prob. 45.3CRCh. 45 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 45 - Growth factors are local regulators that (A) are...Ch. 45 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 45 - Which of the following is the most likely...Ch. 45 - The relationship between the insect hormones...Ch. 45 - DRAW IT In mammals, milk production by mammary...Ch. 45 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 45 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 11. WRITE ABOUT A...Ch. 45 - Prob. 12TYU
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- Give 3 examples of probable endocrine disruptors. Why are endocrine disruptors ofconcern even at very low concentrations?Briefly describe:a) the endocrine system (what biological systems are involved), andb) 3 ways endocrine disruptors (EDs) affect the endocrine systemarrow_forwardName the pituitary hormone responsible for the following action: • stimulates secretion from thyroid gland.arrow_forwardZOOM Short Answer – Choose 3 questions to answer 1. Which would you expect to have a faster effect: a steroid hormone or a peptide hormone? Explain your answer. 2. Give an example of a hormone that is controlled by a negative feedback loop. Explain what the hormone regulates and what controls the release and inhibition of the hormone. 3. The nervous system and the endocrine system are, of course, different but they have many features in common. List five things that the endocrine system and the nervous system have in common. 4. List 5 factors that can affect red blood cell production and/or the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen? 5. Blood pressure is regulated by baroreceptors, which are located in the aorta and the carotid arteries. In response to signals from these receptors, the cardiac control center of the medulla will send signals to reduce the force of ventricular contractions. Given this sort of control, why do people develop high blood pressure?arrow_forward
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- Q18. A patient has a brain tumor that necessitates removal of his pituitary gland. Will its removal affect production of ADH and oxytocin? Explain.arrow_forwardCreate a hormone map. A complete map will include the secretion signal for the hormone, the origin of the hormone, and hormone targets, and the physiological outcomes of hormone increases or decreases within the body. Be sure to indicate feedback loops within your map. Please provide an explanation of the steps within your map and explain why this interaction is important physiologically.arrow_forwardThink of the Endocrine System. Hormones occur in which major different chemical categories? List two characteristics for each category and explain their generalized working.arrow_forward
- 6. Increasing the aldosterone secretion during prolonged muscle activity in hot weather allows you to compensate for the sodium loss in sweat and remove the accumulated excess of potassium. Explain these biological effects of the hormone during exercise. For answer: a) draw the structure of the hormone, name the precursor for its synthesis, site of synthesis, signals for secretion, target cells; b) draw a diagram of the hormonal signal transduction starting with hormone interaction with the cell receptor;arrow_forwardFrom Steroids,Cortisol,Chorionic gonadotrophin (CG),Growth hormone (HGH),Diuretics (Lasix), Erythropoietin (EPO),Luteinizing hormone (LH),Adrenocorticotrophins , which ones list "death" as a possible adverse reaction to the drug?..arrow_forwardUsing the PICO example “In diabetic males over 45, will a vegan diet or vegetarian diet improve insulin levels?”, what is the outcome to be measured?arrow_forward
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