Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 45, Problem 8TYU
DRAW IT In mammals, milk production by mammary glands is controlled by prolactin and prolactin-releasing hormone. Draw a simple sketch of this pathway, including glands, tissues, hormones, routes for hormone movement, and effects.
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Match these examples to the correct type of signaling
Estradiol released into the blood stream, acts on the pituitary cells
Oxytocin produced in hypothalamic neurons, released from axons into the blood stream in the posterior hypothalamus
Epithelial cells in arterioles release nitric oxide that causes relaxation of the adjacent smooth muscle cells
Insulin released from the pancreas into the blood, acting on liver cells to simulate glucose uptake
Release of cytokines by a macrophage, with cytokines acting on that macrophage to stimulate its immune function
A.
Neuroendocrine signaling
B.
Autocrine
C.
Paracrine signaling
D.
Endocrine signaling
DRAW IT In mammals, milk production by mammary glandsis controlled by prolactin and prolactin-releasing hormone.Draw a simple sketch of this pathway, including glands, tissues,hormones, routes for hormone movement, and effects.
Chapter 45 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 45.1 - How do response mechanisms in target cells differ...Ch. 45.1 - What type of gland would you expect to secrete...Ch. 45.1 - WHAT IF? Predict what would happen if you...Ch. 45.2 - What are the roles of oxytocin and prolactin in...Ch. 45.2 - How do the two fused glands of the pituitary gland...Ch. 45.2 - WHAT IF? 2192 Propose an explanation for why...Ch. 45.2 - what if? Lab tests of two patients, each...Ch. 45.3 - If a hormone pathway produces a transient response...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 45.3 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 45 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What forms of signaling activate...Ch. 45 - Which major endocrine organs described in Figure...Ch. 45 - Prob. 45.3CRCh. 45 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 45 - Growth factors are local regulators that (A) are...Ch. 45 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 45 - Which of the following is the most likely...Ch. 45 - The relationship between the insect hormones...Ch. 45 - DRAW IT In mammals, milk production by mammary...Ch. 45 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 45 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 11. WRITE ABOUT A...Ch. 45 - Prob. 12TYU
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- Hormone release and regulation is a complex interplay of control systems, feedback pathways and the concentration of circulating substances. Demonstrate your understanding of how negative feedback systems work by considering what would happen if the usual mechanisms no longer applied. You may like to think about an ectopic source of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), as secreted from a small cell carcinoma of the lung, as an example. In your explanation of how negative feedback systems can be derailed, describe how hormone/s released from the target endocrine organ usually regulate the feedback loop.arrow_forwardIdentify the classical vertebrate endocrine glands and describe the actions of their hormones; describe the effects of hypersecretion and hyposecretion on homeostasis.arrow_forwardOne of the main endocrine glands in the human body is the pituitary gland. This gland produces a variety of hormones with different effects. Among these are a heterogeneous group of hormones called tropic hormones, which directly stimulate the secretion of other hormones from downstream endocrine glands. Which of the following are tropic hormones? Select all that apply. LH Prolactin Oxytocin ACTH TSH testosteronearrow_forward
- Compare and contrast how the endocrine and neural systems do long- distance communication within the mammalian body. State and be able to recognize the roles of neurons and various types of glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, microglia). Give two mechanisms for how different target cells exposed to the same hormone can respond in different ways. Predict how perturbations to the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, the hormones they secrete, or iodine levels will affect hormone levels, thyroid size, metabolic rate, and intelligence in children. Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction. Discuss how the environment, sex chromosomes, sex- determination genes, hormone levels, and anatomical features can contribute to sex determination in people or other organismarrow_forwardLevels of the Female Reproductive Hormones during the Menstrual Cycle Hormone Day 4 Day 14 Day 21 Estrogen (pg/mL) N/A >100 <60 Progesterone (ng/mL) N/A <1.5 >15 LH (mIU/mL) <7 >15 N/A FSH (mIU/mL) <13 >15 N/A Identify the hormones numbered in the graph above. Number: Answer Answer Answer Answer Hormone: Estrogen Progesterone LH FSHarrow_forwardB (Oxytocin) Releasing hormone (hypothalamus) Releasing hormone (hypothalamus) GnRH ← A (Antidiuretic hormone) C (Luteinizing hormone) F (Prolactin) G (Growth hormone) ADH GARH TRH PAH (inhibited by PIH) GHRH - (inhibited by GHIH) D (Follicle-stimulating hormone) CRH E (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) Posterior Pituitary Hormones Pituitary hormone Stores ADH OT Pituitary hormone LH FSH Anterior Pituitary Hormones TSH PAL GH Target ACTH. Kidneys, sweal glands, circulatory system Femalo reproductive system Target Reproductive — system Reproductive system Thyroid gland Mammary glands Liver, bone, muscles Adrenal glands [Choose ] [Choose] [Choose ] [Choose] [Choose] [Choose ] [Choose ] Effects A B Effects с D E F می Harrow_forward
- Discuss hormone cascade pathway in animalsarrow_forwardMatch the following hormones with their actions. More than one hormone can correspond to the same function. (1) growth hormone (2) thyroid-stimulating hormone (3) prolactin (4) adrenocorticotropic hormone (5) follicle-stimulating hormone (6) luteinizing hormone A. milk production B. cell division C. metabolic rate D. exerts action on gonads E. controls secretion of adrenal cortex hormones.arrow_forwardIn the figure which of the following is a tropic hormone; Neurons secreting trophic hormones (Dopamine) PIH Hypothalmus PRH TRH CRH GHIH GNRH GHRH Portal system Anterior pituitary Prolactin TSH ACTH GH FSH LH Endocrine (Gonadotropins) cells To target tissues Thyroid giand Adrenal Endocrine cells of the gonads Liver cortex Thyroid hormones Estrogens, progesterone Cortisol IGFS Androgens Germ cells Many tissues Breast of the gonads O IGFS O Thyroid hormones None of these is correct O Cortisol O TSH Endocrine targets and the hormones they secrete Anterior pituitary hormones Hypothalamic hormones Nonendocrine targetsarrow_forward
- mo Fill in this table for cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, estradiol, parathyroid gland hormone, calcitonin, calcitriol, thyroxine. Columns 6,7,8 fill in accordingly Type of Receptor/ location in a cell Hormone Factors to control /class according chemical nature/ secretion place 1 secretion? Fstimulation Fsuppression (- ) 2 3 G-Protein? Secondary Target tissue? Controlled messengers? pathway (P)? P(+)- stimulated: P(-)- suppressed: 5 6 7 Biochemical Index in the blood plas-ma that is changed after secre- tion of the hormonearrow_forwardWhich of the following stimulate the secretion of hormones? a. neural signals b. local chemical changes c. hormonal signals stimulate hormone secretion d. environmental cues e. all of the above canarrow_forwardIdentify which of the following hormones characteristically regulates the activity of the cell whose nucleus is marked by the arrow in the two images below? (A) luteinizing hormone (B) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (C) 5-alpha-reductase (D) follicle-stimulating hormone (E) inhibinarrow_forward
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