Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 45, Problem 6TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: A complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work collectively for the protection of the body and fight against pathogens or foreign substances is known as immune system. Immune system is made up of several components such as immune cells, tissues, organs, and chemical mediators that destroy and eliminate foreign substances from the body.
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Human immune system
a) Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are conserved molecular structures produced by microorganisms, but not by host cells.
b) A virus-infected host cell that displays a viral antigen via MHC class I molecules may become a target of cytotoxic T cells.
c) Secreted MHC Class I proteins present in blood plasma can function as opsonins.
d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect
e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correct
The cells illustrated below are examples of:
Choose from the following:
(A) potential antigen-presenting cells
(B) potential cells active in humoral immunity (synthesizing antibodies)
(C) potential cells active in cell-mediated immunity (T lymphocytes
(D) potential reticular cells
The human immune system includes a number of specialized cells. Suggest the activity of the macrophage based on
your understanding of cell processes. The macrophage
• a) produces large antibody proteins.
9
• b) uses pinocytosis to drink solutes.
.
12
• c) engulfs and digests bacteria and other pathogens
15
d) has specific receptor proteins that allow the capture of antigens.
Chapter 45 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.1 - Compare, in general terms, the immune responses...Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.1 - In general, how are vertebrate immune responses...Ch. 45.2 - Describe innate immune responses, including...Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.2 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram illustrating the main...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 4LO
Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 45.3 - How are cell-mediated immunity and...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.4 - Describe the sequence of events in cell-mediated...Ch. 45.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.5 - Summarize the sequence of events in...Ch. 45.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 11LOCh. 45.6 - Describe examples of hypersensitivity, including...Ch. 45.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 4CCh. 45.6 - What is the immunological basis for graft...Ch. 45 - Innate immune responses include all but (a)...Ch. 45 - Cytokines (a) are regulatory Toll-like receptors...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is not an action of...Ch. 45 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 45 - Which sequence most accurately describes...Ch. 45 - VISUALIZE Label the following diagram and explain...Ch. 45 - Specificity, diversity, and memory are key...Ch. 45 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 45 - PREDICT A playmate in kindergarten exposes John...Ch. 45 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 16TYU
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- 33) During maturation, B cells expand their endoplasmic reticulum. What is the function of this? A) The endoplasmic reticulum is needed to promote genetic recombination during maturation B) An enlarged endoplasmic reticulum is needed to accommodate enhanced secretion of antibodies C) The extra membrane is needed for phagocytosis of pathogens D) The endoplasmic reticulum contributes to epithelial mesenchymal transition of B cells during maturation E) B cells secrete large amounts of extracellular matrix proteins to promote wound repairarrow_forward1. Which of the following white blood cells would you expect to find in high numbers during a helminth infection but not during a bacterial infection? Hint: don't forget that helminths are eukaryotes.... a) Macrophages b) Mast Cells c) Neutrophils d) Eosinophil 2.Which of the following properly describe Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC)? a) Directed selection creates complexity and differences between cells in the same individual b) Inheritance makes it identical for all siblings that share the same parents c) Natural selection has made it identical for all members of the same species d)Random selection creates variety between individual humans. Give the answer of both question.arrow_forwardSuppose a gain-of-function mutation happens in an oncogene. Which of the following changes is likely to result? O a) tumor-promoting inflammation O b) evading growth suppressors Oc) sustaining proliferative signalling O d) resisting cell deatharrow_forward
- picture 1 shows the directed migration of two immune cell types, neutrophils (red) and macrophages (green) to a laser-induced injury in the ear of a mouse. As you can observe from the video, there are three stages to this process: 1) an initial phase characterized by fast recruitment of neutrophils (red) to the site of injury followed by 2) the slower recruitment of macrophages after which 3) the interaction between both cell types is stabilized. Recruitment to the injury site is mediated by leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a potent immune signaling molecule (Figure 1A). LTB4 binds to BLT1, a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), activating various signaling pathways and resulting in immune cell migration to the site of injury (Figure 1B). With this background information and your knowledge of cell and molecular biology, describe in detail in your own words, as many molecular processes as you can identify that must take place for the cell migration process depicted in the video to be achieved. For…arrow_forward(35) Human immunization with purified polysaccharide antigens generates a response that is not dependent on T-lymphocytes control. As a result switching of immunoglobulin class during immune response does not occur . Therefore,the human immune response 2 months after vaccination with purified polysaccharide involves primarily which of the following immunoglobulin classes? (A) IgA. (B) IgD. (C) IgE. (D) IgG.…arrow_forwardUse the following choices for the next set of questions. A choice may be used zero or more times: a)CD4 b) CD8 c) lg d) TCR e) More than one of these 26) Found on the cell surface 27) Expressed by T helper cells as a co-receptor 28) Expressed by B lymphocytes 29) Associated with cell that produces perforin 30) Composed of heavy and light chain 31) Capable of recognizing a carbohydrate antigen 32) Has effector functionsarrow_forward
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Immune System and Immune Response Animation; Author: Medical Sciences Animations;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDdbUBXPKc4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Immune response: summary; Author: Dr Bhavsar Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADANgHkX4OY;License: Standard Youtube License