Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 44, Problem 10TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: What indicates an increase in heart rate if nerves to the heart are cut.
Introduction: Heart is a hollow and muscular organ which is located under the breastbone in the chest cavity. The main function of the heart is the pumping of blood to various organs of the body. The speed of the heart beats in a minute is referred to as heart rate. In a healthy individual, the normal range of heart rate is 72 beats per minute.
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3.
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Heart muscle cell
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silence!
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current
high
(everyone is quiet)
current
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fibriliation
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defibrillation
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(1) In your own words, what is the main function of a defibrillator?
(2) What scenario or situation was the defibrillator compared to? Give evidence.
(3) What do we need if we want our defibrillator to work effectively?
2. During standard physical activity - 20 squats in 30 seconds.
heart rate increases due to the action of the limbic zone of the
cortex through the reticulospinal pathway on the primary centers
of the sympathetic nervous system. Answer:
A. Name the department of the central nervous system where
the primary centers of the sympathetic nervous system are
located;
B. Draw a diagram of the information transmission path from the
primary centers of the sympathetic nervous system to the
pacemaker of the heart with the participation of sympathetic
nerves;
C. Name the mediators and cytoreceptors in the ganglionic and
nerve-organ synapses of this pathway; show the location of
ganglionic and nerve-organ synapses on the diagram with
arrows.
D. The action of which blocking substance can prevent the
appearance of such a reaction? (Explain the answer).
Examining the Effect of Temperature on Heart Rate
1. Explain the effect that decreasing the temperature had on the frog heart. How do you think the human heart would respond?
How well did the results compare with your prediction?
ACTIVITY 3
2. Describe why Ringer's solution is required to maintain heart contractions.
3. Explain the effect that increasing the temperature had on the frog heart. How do you think the human heart would respond?
How well did the results compare with your prediction?
Chapter 44 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 44.1 - Types of Circulatory Systems Contrast internal...Ch. 44.1 - Compare how oxygen is transported to the body...Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.1 - What are five functions of the vertebrate...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.2 - Summarize the sequence of events involved in blood...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 44.3 - Prob. 4LO
Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.5 - Prob. 6LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.5 - PREDICT A patients mitral valve (left AV valve)...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 44.6 - Prob. 9LOCh. 44.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.7 - Prob. 10LOCh. 44.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.8 - Prob. 11LOCh. 44.8 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.8 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.9 - Trace the progression of atherosclerosis and...Ch. 44.9 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.9 - Prob. 2CCh. 44 - Which of the following are most closely associated...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 44 - Test Your Understanding 9. VISUALIZE Draw a simple...Ch. 44 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 44 - Test Your Understanding 13. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY,...
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- In conditioned athletes, the resting Heart Rate is generally much lower than in non-athletes. Why? a-because long-term exercise reduces Cardiac Output at rest to conserve energy b-because athletes have a smaller Stroke Volume at rest, causing Heart Rate to decrease as well c-because long-term exercise leads to increased vagal tone which slows Heart Rate d-because athletes have stronger ventricles and therefore a larger Stroke Volume at rest, so they require fewer bpm to achieve the same Cardiac Outputarrow_forwardPlease answer fast Xena is chewing some plant to get some energy. Some of the plants where Xena lives contains a special compound able to stop the cardiac action potential generated by all cells of the myocardium. By reflecting on your understanding of the electrical activity of heart, discuss if Xena‘s ventricles can contract in the presence of this compound. In your answer, discuss the consequences of presence of this compound on the sequence of activation of the various parts of the conductive pathway of the heart. f) Explain the main steps and consequence of the baroreceptor-induced response when systemic vasoconstriction occurs. Describe the physiological benefit of the reflex action you identified.arrow_forwardRead this article (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/strokespell) to learn about a teenager who experiences a series of spells that suggest a stroke. He undergoes endless tests and seeks input from multiple doctors. In the end, one expert, one question, and a simple blood pressure cuff answers the question. Why would the heart have to beat faster when the teenager changes his body position from lying down to sitting, and then to standing?arrow_forward
- In the myogenic response, ________. muscle contraction promotes venous return to the heart ventricular contraction strength is decreased vascular smooth muscle responds to stretch endothelins dilate muscular arteriesarrow_forwardThe heart's internal pacemaker beats by: an internal implant that sends an electrical impulse through the heart the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the sinoatrial node followed by the atrioventricular node the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the atrioventricular node followed by the sinoatrial node the action of the sinusarrow_forward1. The sympathetic nervous increases the heart rate by binding to F-type Na channels and increasing Na* conductance through these channels. What are the phases of an action potential in the pacemaker cells of the heart? What channels are involved in each phase? Explain.arrow_forward
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