Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 44, Problem 7TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Baroreceptors are the specialized receptors located in the arterial wall and on the lining of walls of heart chambers.
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Pressure sensing by the kidneys is a better surrogate for:
A. Heart rate
B. Stroke volume
C. Cardiac output
D. Differences in water concentration between the intracellular and extracellular compartments
Answer ALL parts of this question.
In terms of heart failure there is a decrease in cardiac output. This is due to a contractile deficit in the individual cardiac myocytes.
(a) Explain how this contractile deficit occurs.
(b) What common cardiac problem is often associated with the changes in calcium handling often seen in cardiac cells of heart failure patients? Explain how this problem arises.
(c) Describe the mechanism of action of levosimendan in the treatment of heart failure.
Excess extracellular potassium functions to:
(A) decrease the resting membrane potential of the ventricular contractile celle
(B) decrease the force of contraction
(C) initially increase the heart rate
(D) A and B
(E) all of the above
Chapter 44 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 44.1 - Types of Circulatory Systems Contrast internal...Ch. 44.1 - Compare how oxygen is transported to the body...Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.1 - What are five functions of the vertebrate...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.2 - Summarize the sequence of events involved in blood...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 44.3 - Prob. 4LO
Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.5 - Prob. 6LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.5 - PREDICT A patients mitral valve (left AV valve)...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 44.6 - Prob. 9LOCh. 44.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.7 - Prob. 10LOCh. 44.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.8 - Prob. 11LOCh. 44.8 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.8 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.9 - Trace the progression of atherosclerosis and...Ch. 44.9 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.9 - Prob. 2CCh. 44 - Which of the following are most closely associated...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 44 - Test Your Understanding 9. VISUALIZE Draw a simple...Ch. 44 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 44 - Test Your Understanding 13. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY,...
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- You are designing the arterial blood vessels that go to the kidney. The first part of kidney function involves a filtration mechanism that filters blood. To maximize this filtration mechanism, you want to maximize blood flow to the kidney. Using Poiseuille’s Law (on page 1), explain how you would construct the arterial circuit so that blood flow is maximized. Assume that blood viscosity (h) will not be changed.arrow_forwardCompared with the interstitial fluid that bathes active musclecells, blood reaching these cells in arterioles has a(A) higher PO2.(B) higher PCO2.(C) greater bicarbonate concentration.(D) lower pH.arrow_forwardCompared with the interstitial fluid that bathes active muscle cells, blood reaching these cells in arteries has a(A) lower osmotic pressure.(B) higher PO2.(C) lower pH.(D) higher PCO2.(E) greater bicarbonate concentration.arrow_forward
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- The ion concentration gradient in the interstitial environment, ultimately drives the movement of _______ out of the descending limb of loop of henle and into the capillaries that directly recieve blood from the _______ arteriole (A) water, afferent (B) NaCl, afferent (C) water, efferent (D) NaCl, efferentarrow_forwardA 29-year-old female develops sepsis and, as a consequence, she experiences profound vasodilation. a) What effect does vasodilation have on the afterload? Explain why. b) What effect does vasodilation have on blood pressure? Explain why. How will her body try to bring her blood pressure back to homeostasis? Be detailed in your explanation and support your answer with facts from your textbook, research, and articles from scholarly journals. In addition, remember to add references in APA format to your posts to avoid plagiarism.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is most likely to cause a decrease in blood pressure (BP)? O a) A decrease in parasympathetic activity O b) Activation of the cardioacceleratory centre (CAC) O c) Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) O d) An increase in blood vessel diameterarrow_forward
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