Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 41.1, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: Why vitamins are required only in a very small amount.
Concept introduction:
Vitamins are organic molecules and essential nutrient for an organism. Amino acids, vitamins, fatty acids, and minerals are essential nutrients for an organism to perform biological functions. Vitamins are required in a small quantity.
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Chapter 41 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 41.1 - An animal requires 20 amino acids to make...Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41.1 - WHAT IF? If a zoo animal eating ample food shows...Ch. 41.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 41.2 - In what sense are nutrients from a recently...Ch. 41.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41.3 - Explain why a proton pump inhibitor, such as the...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 41.4 - What features of a mammal's digestive system make...Ch. 41.4 - WHAT IF? "Lactose-intolerant" people have a...Ch. 41.5 - Explain how people can become obese even if their...Ch. 41.5 - WHAT IF? Suppose you were studying two groups of...Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 41 - Prob. 41.1CRCh. 41 - Propose an artificial diet that would eliminate...Ch. 41 - Prob. 41.3CRCh. 41 - How does human anatomy indicate that our primate...Ch. 41 - Prob. 41.5CRCh. 41 - Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol....Ch. 41 - The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect...Ch. 41 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 41 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 41 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 41 - After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a...Ch. 41 - If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch,...Ch. 41 - DRAW IT Create a flowchart to summarize the events...Ch. 41 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Lizards and snakes cannot...Ch. 41 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In human populations of...Ch. 41 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION Hair is largely...Ch. 41 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Hummingbirds are well...
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- Test Your Understanding 8. Induced fit means that when a substrate binds to an enzymes active site, (a) it fits perfectly, like a key in a lock (b) the substrate and enzyme undergo conformational changes (c) a site other than the active site undergoes a conformational change (d) the substrate and the enzyme become irreversibly bound to each other (e) c and darrow_forwardBiochemistry: Diagram the biosynthetic pathway from precursors (like amino acids, PRPP, etc.) to dTTP. Provide complete intermediate structures and names (you can use abbreviations for names, e.g., dTTP) but names of enzymes and any cofactor(s)/substrates will suffice.arrow_forwardA) Myth: Enzymes are specific for one substrate. Fact: Like most enzymes, alliinase can act on multiple different substrates. Explain why most enzymes can act on more than one substrate compound. (Refer to the “Alliin-like Substrates" panel in your answer.)arrow_forward
- Inquiry and Analysis Do Enzymes Physically Attach to Their Substrates? When scientists first began to examine the chemical activities of organisms, no one knew that biochemical reactions were catalyzed by enzymes. The first enzyme was discovered in 1833 by French chemist Anselme Payen. He was studying how beer is made from barley: First, barley is pressed and gently heated so its starches break down into simple two-sugar units; then yeasts convert these units into ethanol. Payen found that the initial breakdown requires a chemical factor that is not alive and that does not seem to be used up during the process-a catalyst. He called this first enzyme diastase (we call it amylase today). Did this catalyst operate at a distance, increasing the reaction rate all around it, much as raising the temperature of nearby molecules might do? Or did it use physical contact, actually attaching to the molecules whose reaction it catalyzed (its "substrate")? The answer was discovered in 1903 by French…arrow_forwardSelect all that apply. Which of the following are not properties of enzymes? not required to sustain the life of an organism sensitive to pH and temperature of their environment able to interact with all compounds or substrates large proteins with a special surface patternarrow_forwardExplain the induced fit model of how enzymes workarrow_forward
- Practice Mira Gendy 1 of 1 Directions: This short free-response question requires about 6 minutes to answer. The question is worth 3 points. Read the question carefully and completely. Answers must be written out in paragraph form. Outlines, bulleted lists, or diagrams alone are not acceptable. II Substrate Concentration [S] The graph above shows the initial rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction at different substrate concentrations in the presence of a constant concentration of the enzyme. Connect the primary structure of the enzyme to its overall shape. I U x X2 5 Initial Rate of Reactionarrow_forwardCan you help me, please? Enzyme inhibition (compare and contrast reversible and irreversible inhibitors)arrow_forward6X9 X What are the steps for an enzyme to create a product in order: 1. The energy of activation is lowered so the reaction can happen quicker. 2. Substrate attaches to the active site. 3. The product is created and released from the active site. 4. The energy of activation is lowered so the reaction can happen slower. 5. A specific substrate attaches to the active site. Selected Answer: Answers: 5 -- 4 --> 3 5--1--> 3 2 1 -> 3 5 -- 4 --> 3 2--> 4 --> 3arrow_forward
- Q: Suppose you are working with a crude enzyme and the next goal is enyme purification. Explain how important physicochemical properties of that biomolecule will affect downstream processing.arrow_forwardHypothesis: Glycans terminated in sialic acid monosaccharides may be necessary to maintain embryonic stem cells in their undifferentiated state. Imagine that you are the scientist trying to prove this hypothesis with skill genetic engineering. What classes of enzymes would you target for elimination to generate embryonic stem cells that do not carry sialic acid modifications to evaluate this hypothesis?arrow_forwarddits description. Each term can only be used once. ( Choose] [Choose) on induced fit the free energy of activation, or aclivation energy nds. substrates enzyme-substrate complex on enzyme active site d its description. Each term can only be used once. Chioie pimagepegarrow_forward
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