Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 7TY
Injury to bone heals more quickly than injury to cartilage because:
a. bone marrow contains stem cells
b. chondroblasts are only present during prenatal development
c. the polysaccharides in cartilage ground substance can't be replaced
d. there is a richer blood supply to bone
e. bone has a higher mineral content
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Injury to bone heals more quickly than injury to cartilage because: a. bone marrow contains stem cells b. chondroblasts are only present during prenatal development c. the polysaccharides in cartilage ground substance can’t be replaced d. there is a richer blood supply to bone e. bone has a higher mineral conten
Which of the following is NOT correct?
A. Bone fracture is a partial or complete break in the continuity of the bone
B. Bone remodelling, continuing process of synthesis and destruction that gives bone its mature
structure and maintains normal calcium levels in the body
C. bone resorption the process by which osteoclasts break down the tissue in bones and release the
minerals
D. Osteoblasts release hydrochloric acid and acidic proteases such as cathepsin K, resulting in
degradation of the bone matrix and liberation of Ca, PO., and fragments of type I collagen
E. osteoblasts have receptors for PTH and, when activated, produce osteoclast stimulating factor
(cytokine)
Which of the following statements about the developmental aspects of bone is inaccurate?
a. in children and adolescents, bone formation is greater than bone resorption
b. in old age, bone formation is less than bone resorption
c. almost all bones are completely ossified by age 25
d. bone mass declines starting at age 40
e. None of the above
Chapter 4 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 4 - Health clinics sometimes cite retrospective...Ch. 4 - How important to you is FDA approval and/or...Ch. 4 - Describe some advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 4 -
2. Name the four main types of tissues in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CRCh. 4 - Prob. 4CRCh. 4 - List the 11 organ systems of the body and give at...Ch. 4 -
6. Define interstitial fluid.
Ch. 4 - Name the two cavities of the anterior body cavity...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8CR
Ch. 4 - Discuss the purpose of homeostasis in the body.Ch. 4 - Prob. 10CRCh. 4 -
1. Collagen and elastin fibers are typically...Ch. 4 -
2. Cells in cardiac muscle are able to contract...Ch. 4 - Which of the following membranes is not composed...Ch. 4 -
4. Exocrine and endocrine glands are types...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5TYCh. 4 - What property do all muscle tissues have in...Ch. 4 -
7. Injury to bone heals more quickly than injury...Ch. 4 - Which of the following tissues may be found in the...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is responsible for skin...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10TYCh. 4 - Prob. 11TYCh. 4 - Prob. 12TYCh. 4 - A substantial amount of nonliving extracellular...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14TYCh. 4 - Reducing food intake may lead to weight loss by...Ch. 4 -
1. Your roommate says that the concept of...Ch. 4 - What do you think would be some of the problems...Ch. 4 - Sherlock Holmes, the greatest fictional detective...Ch. 4 -
4. Dieting is difficult. People who do manage to...Ch. 4 - Fibrous connective tissue consists of ground...Ch. 4 -
6. By definition, an organ is a structure...
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- Mineralization of bone tissue requires_______. a. calcium ions b. osteoclasts c. elastin d. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about bone tissue is/are TRUE? Group of answer choices a. Spiraling collagen fibers gives bone its tremendous resistance to torsional forces. b. Concentric rings of bone matrix, called lamellae, compose an osteon. c. Bone marrow occurs within the spongy bone and in a central medullary cavity. d. The epiphyseal plate of long bones close during fetal development. e. Calcium phosphate salts crystallize to form the inorganic part of bone. f. Osteoblasts are immature, bone-forming cells. g. Bones are classified by shape: long, short, irregular, or flat. h. The trabeculae of compact bone are arranged in parallel units along the long axis.arrow_forwardBone tissue can be described as a. dead calcified tissue b. cartilage c. the skeletal system d. dense, hard connective Issuearrow_forward
- Which of the following choices is CORRECT? A. trabeculae is the basic functional unit of compact bone B. Ca;(PO4); (hydroxyapatite) is the inorganic minerals contained in bone extracellular matrix C. Testosterone is hormone that is used in hormone therapy to reduce osteoporosis in males D. Rickets is a condition that may cause bow legs in a child E. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) functions to decrease the level of calcium in the blood F. All of the above G. A, B, and E H. Both C and Darrow_forwardWhich of the following choices is CORRECT? A. trabeculae is the basic functional unit of compact bone B. Ca(PO.): (hydroxyapatite) is the inorganic minerals contained in bone extracellular matrix C. Testosterone is hormone that is used in hormone therapy to reduce osteoporosis in males D. Rickets is a condition that may cause bow legs in a child E. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) functions to decrease the level of calcium in the blood F. All of the above G. A, B, and E H. Both C and Darrow_forwardThe long bone structure includes epiphyses, diaphysis, and membranes. Which of following statements relating to long bone structure is incorrect? a. the epiphyses are made up of the internal spongy bone surrounded by compact bone b. the epiphyseal plate is the remnant of the growth line, where bone growth occurs c. the diaphysis has a marrow cavity containing yellow marrow in adults d. a and b e. a, b, and carrow_forward
- Which is not involved in the process of bone repair following a fracture: A. Fibroblasts produce collagen fibers to connect broken pieces of bone B. A fibrocartilaginous callus serves as a model for new bone growth C. Osteoclasts remove excess bone from the hard callus D. The fracture hematoma reorganizes to form a procallus D. No exceptions; all of the choices are involved in the process of bone repairarrow_forwardAlthough a common myth about bones is that it is dead, our bones are constantly changing. For example, bone deposition (formation) occurs where bone is injured or added strength is needed. During this time, there will be the most abundant levels of which bone cells? A. osteoclasts B. osteoblasts C. chondrocytes D. none of thesearrow_forward1. Select the FOUR that DO occur during endochondral ossification of long bones: A. Osteoclasts increase the lumen of the marrow cavity as the bone grows in width B. Ossification occurs in the space left by dead chondrocytes C. Chondrocytes grow large and then die D. Mesenchymal cells of the dermis differentiate to osteoblasts E. Areas of ossification become vasculararrow_forward
- All of the following are functions of cartilage except a. cartilage serves as a site for hemopoiesis. b. cartilage provides support for soft tissue. c. cartilage forms the initial model in endochondral ossification. d. cartilage provides a smooth gliding surface at the end of bones in freely movable joints.arrow_forwardBone is not the primary tissue that is formed within the skeletal system despite being mostly bone tissue when born and of course throughout our lives. What tissue serves as a model on which to form the mineral matrix that creates bone? A. Epithelial tissue B. Dense connective tissue C. Cartilage tissue D. Muscle tissuearrow_forwarda) Describe age-associated changes in human bone and their consequences in terms of physiological function b) Discuss how keeping physically active may help to maintain physiological function in human bone during the ageing processarrow_forward
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