Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 4, Problem 4CC
To determine
Whether an imaginary observer on the sun can see the planets moving in retrograde motion in the heliocentric model.
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To an observer on Earth, through what angle will Mars appear to move relative to the stars over the course of 24 hours when the two planets are at closest approach? Assume for simplicity that Earth and Mars move on circular orbits of radii 1.0 AU and 1.5 AU, respectively, in exactly the same plane. Will the apparent motion be prograde or retrograde?
one trajectory that can be used to send spacecraft from earth to mars is an elliptical orbit that has the sun at one focus, its perihelion at earth, and it's aphelion at mars. the spacecraft is launched from earth and coasts along this ellipse until it reaches mars, when a rocket is fired to either put the spacecraft into orbit around mars or cause it to land on mars. (a) find the semimajor axis of the ellipse (in au). (hint: draw a picture showing the sun and the orbits of earth, mars, and the spacecraft. treat the orbits of earth and mars as circles.) [enter your answer in units of au]
A planet revolves around a certain star. At one point in the planet's orbit, called periapsis, it passes much closer to the star. Which of the following statements about periapsis is true?
The planet's orbital period becomes shorter after every periapsis.
The planet's orbital period becomes longer after every periapsis.
The planet orbits with a slower speed during periapsis.
The planet orbits with a greater speed during periapsis.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 4 - Prob. 5CCCh. 4 - Prob. 6CCCh. 4 - Prob. 7CCCh. 4 - Prob. 8CCCh. 4 - Prob. 9CCCh. 4 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 4 - Prob. 11CCCh. 4 - Prob. 12CCCh. 4 - Prob. 13CCCh. 4 - Prob. 14CCCh. 4 - Prob. 15CCCh. 4 - Prob. 16CCCh. 4 - Prob. 17CCCh. 4 - Prob. 18CCCh. 4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 4 - Prob. 21CCCh. 4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 4 - Prob. 23CCCh. 4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 4 - Prob. 1CLCCh. 4 - Prob. 2CLCCh. 4 - Prob. 1QCh. 4 - Prob. 2QCh. 4 - Prob. 3QCh. 4 - Prob. 4QCh. 4 - Prob. 5QCh. 4 - Prob. 6QCh. 4 - Prob. 7QCh. 4 - Prob. 8QCh. 4 - Prob. 9QCh. 4 - Prob. 10QCh. 4 - Prob. 11QCh. 4 - Prob. 12QCh. 4 - Prob. 13QCh. 4 - Prob. 14QCh. 4 - Prob. 15QCh. 4 - Prob. 16QCh. 4 - Prob. 17QCh. 4 - Prob. 18QCh. 4 - Prob. 19QCh. 4 - Prob. 20QCh. 4 - Prob. 21QCh. 4 - Prob. 22QCh. 4 - Prob. 23QCh. 4 - Prob. 24QCh. 4 - Prob. 25QCh. 4 - Prob. 26QCh. 4 - Prob. 27QCh. 4 - Prob. 28QCh. 4 - Prob. 29QCh. 4 - Prob. 30QCh. 4 - Prob. 31QCh. 4 - Prob. 32QCh. 4 - Prob. 33QCh. 4 - Prob. 34QCh. 4 - Prob. 35QCh. 4 - Prob. 36QCh. 4 - Prob. 37QCh. 4 - Prob. 38QCh. 4 - Prob. 39QCh. 4 - Prob. 40QCh. 4 - Prob. 41QCh. 4 - Prob. 42QCh. 4 - Prob. 43QCh. 4 - Prob. 44QCh. 4 - Prob. 45QCh. 4 - Prob. 46QCh. 4 - Prob. 47QCh. 4 - Prob. 48QCh. 4 - Prob. 49QCh. 4 - Prob. 50QCh. 4 - Prob. 51QCh. 4 - Prob. 52QCh. 4 - Prob. 53QCh. 4 - Prob. 54QCh. 4 - Prob. 55QCh. 4 - Prob. 56QCh. 4 - Prob. 57QCh. 4 - Prob. 58Q
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- The ratio of the radius of a planet A to that of a planet B is “r”. The ratio of acceleration due to gravity on the planets is “p”. The ratio of escape velocities of the two planets is _____ a) (pr)1/2 b) (p/r)1/2 c) (pr) d) (p/r)arrow_forwardFrom a distance of 300 km above the surface of the Moon, what is the angular diameter in arc seconds of an astronaut in a space suit who has a linear diameter of 0.80 m as seen from above?arrow_forwardThe semimajor axis of Mars orbit is about 1.52 astronomical units (au), where an au is the Earth's average distance from the Sun, meaning the semimajor axis of Earth's orbit is 1 au. To go from Earth to Mars and use the least energy from rocket fuel, the orbit has a semimajor axis of 1.26 au and an eccentricity of about 0.21. Starting at Earth's orbit, to follow this path we give the spacecraft an orbital velocity of 40 km/s. Which of the following describes this best? a. It arrives at Mars orbit at the same moment that Mars is there, and must speed up to go into an orbit next to Mars or else drop back into perihelion (closest to the Sun) at Earth's orbit. b. It arrives at Mars orbit at the same moment that Mars is there, and must slow down to go into an orbit next to Mars or else drop back into perihelion (closest to the Sun) at Earth's orbit. c. It flys past Mars on its trajectory unless it is braked by accelerating toward the Sun. It which leaves Earth when Mars is nearly…arrow_forward
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