Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 4, Problem 23CC
To determine
Whether it would be possible to discover a new planet around other stars with the same mass as Earth and a lower escape speed from its surface than Earth.
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A planet as a radius “R” and density “P”. The escape velocity of this planet is _____
a) directly proportional to P
b) inversely proportional to P
c) directly proportional to P1/2
d) inversely proportional to P1/2
Calculate the escape velocity to an orbit of 334 km height from a planet with the radius of 2000 km and the density of 3400 kg-m3. Give your answer in
Sl units.
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Which of the following is a reason that astronomers have not found giant planets with the orbit of
Neptune around other stars?
our theories suggest that orbits as far away from a star as Neptune are never stable (and the presence of Neptune
in our own solar system is a big mystery)
the method we are using to find planets currently can only reveal low-mass planets, while we expect high-mass
planets at the orbit of Neptune
we have already found several planets as far from their stars as Neptune is from the Sun
At the distance of Neptune's orbit, it takes 165 years to go around the Sun; getting information about just one
cycle of such a planet's orbit around another star would take astronomers 165 years
O at the orbit of Neptune, only very low-mass planets (smaller than Mercury) can form
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 4 - Prob. 5CCCh. 4 - Prob. 6CCCh. 4 - Prob. 7CCCh. 4 - Prob. 8CCCh. 4 - Prob. 9CCCh. 4 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 4 - Prob. 11CCCh. 4 - Prob. 12CCCh. 4 - Prob. 13CCCh. 4 - Prob. 14CCCh. 4 - Prob. 15CCCh. 4 - Prob. 16CCCh. 4 - Prob. 17CCCh. 4 - Prob. 18CCCh. 4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 4 - Prob. 21CCCh. 4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 4 - Prob. 23CCCh. 4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 4 - Prob. 1CLCCh. 4 - Prob. 2CLCCh. 4 - Prob. 1QCh. 4 - Prob. 2QCh. 4 - Prob. 3QCh. 4 - Prob. 4QCh. 4 - Prob. 5QCh. 4 - Prob. 6QCh. 4 - Prob. 7QCh. 4 - Prob. 8QCh. 4 - Prob. 9QCh. 4 - Prob. 10QCh. 4 - Prob. 11QCh. 4 - Prob. 12QCh. 4 - Prob. 13QCh. 4 - Prob. 14QCh. 4 - Prob. 15QCh. 4 - Prob. 16QCh. 4 - Prob. 17QCh. 4 - Prob. 18QCh. 4 - Prob. 19QCh. 4 - Prob. 20QCh. 4 - Prob. 21QCh. 4 - Prob. 22QCh. 4 - Prob. 23QCh. 4 - Prob. 24QCh. 4 - Prob. 25QCh. 4 - Prob. 26QCh. 4 - Prob. 27QCh. 4 - Prob. 28QCh. 4 - Prob. 29QCh. 4 - Prob. 30QCh. 4 - Prob. 31QCh. 4 - Prob. 32QCh. 4 - Prob. 33QCh. 4 - Prob. 34QCh. 4 - Prob. 35QCh. 4 - Prob. 36QCh. 4 - Prob. 37QCh. 4 - Prob. 38QCh. 4 - Prob. 39QCh. 4 - Prob. 40QCh. 4 - Prob. 41QCh. 4 - Prob. 42QCh. 4 - Prob. 43QCh. 4 - Prob. 44QCh. 4 - Prob. 45QCh. 4 - Prob. 46QCh. 4 - Prob. 47QCh. 4 - Prob. 48QCh. 4 - Prob. 49QCh. 4 - Prob. 50QCh. 4 - Prob. 51QCh. 4 - Prob. 52QCh. 4 - Prob. 53QCh. 4 - Prob. 54QCh. 4 - Prob. 55QCh. 4 - Prob. 56QCh. 4 - Prob. 57QCh. 4 - Prob. 58Q
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- The estimated mass and radius of Planet X are used to calculate the minimum escape speed, Ve, for an object launched from the surface of the planet. If the actual mass and/or radius of the planet are slightly different from the estimated values, how will the actual escape speed Va for the surface of Planet X compare to Ve ? v_a v_c if the actual mass is less and the actual radius is greater than their estimated values. v_a > v_c if the actual mass is greater and the actual radius is less than their estimated values. v_a = v_c regardless of any difference in mass or radius. v_a < v_c if the actual mass is greater and the actual radius is the same as their estimated values.arrow_forwardCalculate the escape velocity to an orbit of 243 km height from a planet with the radius of 2000 km and the density of 3400 kg⋅m-³. Give your answer in Sl units. Answer: m/s ◆arrow_forwardThe escape speed from a planet X is 165 m/s. Calculate the density of the planet if the diameter of the planet is 225 km (a) 3.85x103 kg/m (b) 1.54x10 kg/m3 (c) 2.29x103 kg/m (d) 4.33x10 kg/m3arrow_forward
- Imagine that astronomers have just discovered a planet orbiting another star (other than the Sun), and they have reported the mass of the planet as 4.2 Jupiter-masses. Explain in a few words what this means.arrow_forwardCalculate the gravitational field strength on a planet with a diameter of 13077.4 km and the escape velocity of 11 km s. Give your answer in SI units. Answer: Choose... +arrow_forwardFor many years, astronomer Percival Lowell searched for a "Planet X" that might explain some of the perturbations observed in the orbit of Uranus. These perturbations were later explained when the masses of the outer planets and planetoids, particularly Neptune, became better measured (Voyager 2). At the time, however, Lowell had proposed the existence of a Planet X that orbited the Sun with a mean distance of 43 AU. With what period would this Planet X orbit the Sun? yrarrow_forward
- Neptune has a mass of 1.0 × 1026 kg and is 4.5 × 10⁹ km from the Sun with an orbital period of 177.5 years. Planetesimals in the outer primordial solar system 4.5 billion years ago coalesced into Neptune over hundreds of millions of years. If the primordial disk that evolved into our present day solar system had a radius of 10¹1 km and if the matter that made up these planetesimals that later became Neptune was spread out evenly on the edges of it, what was the orbital period of the outer edges of the primordial disk? Express your answer rounded to the nearest year, and be sure not to do any rounding before expressing your final answer. P = yearsarrow_forwardAssume these are the mass and radius of Venus. Myenus = 5 x 1024 kg, Ryenus = 6,000,000 meters. What is the velocity required to put a satellite into stable orbit around Venus starting from the surface of Venus so that it orbits once every 24 hours? [ignore the rotational velocity of Venus and gravity of the Sun] 10.23 km/s 9.95 km/s 10.35 km/s O 10.14 km/s 10.06 km/sarrow_forwardIf the radius of Mercury is ~2,440 km, what is the required tangential orbital velocity needed to maintain a 100 kg satellite 1,500 km from the planet’s surface? (The mass of Mercury is Mm = 3.3 x 1023 kg)arrow_forward
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