Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The structure of five constitutional isomers with molecular formula C4H8 has to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Isomers are the compounds having same molecular formula but different structures. Constitutional isomers are the isomers have different connectivity of atoms. The degree of unsaturation in a compound having molecular formula CaHbNcOd is expressed as follows:
Degree of unsaturation
Where, a = number of carbon
b = number of hydrogen atoms
c = number of nitrogen atoms
(b)
Interpretation: The structure of nine constitutional isomers with molecular formula C7H16 has to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Isomers are the compounds having same molecular formula but different structures. Constitutional isomers are the isomers have different connectivity of atoms. The degree of unsaturation in a compound having molecular formula CaHbNcOd is expressed as follows:
Degree of unsaturation
Where, a = number of carbon atoms
b = number of hydrogen atoms
c = number of nitrogen atoms
(c)
Interpretation: The structure of twelve constitutional isomers containing a ring with molecular formula C6H12 has to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Isomers are the compounds having same molecular formula but different structures. Constitutional isomers are the isomers have different connectivity of atoms. The degree of unsaturation in a compound having molecular formula CaHbNcOd is expressed as follows:
Degree of unsaturation
Where, a = number of carbon atoms
b = number of hydrogen atoms
c = number of nitrogen atoms
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Draw the structure of a molecule that fi ts each description: a. a 2 ° alcohol of molecular formula C 6H 14O b. an ether with molecular formula C 6H 14O that has a methyl group bonded to oxygen c. a 3 ° alkyl halide with molecular formula C 5H 11Brarrow_forwardDraw the structure of a compound tting each description:a. an aldehyde with molecular formula C4H8Ob. a ketone with molecular formula C4H8Oc. a carboxylic acid with molecular formula C4H8O2d. an ester with molecular formula C4H8O2arrow_forwardLabel the following pairs of compounds as: a. identical b. constitutional isomers c. neither Place the letter of the correct answer in the blank. CH3 and -CH3arrow_forward
- #544 of Isomers (chiral) Which of the following 2-chloro-1-butanol (A), 3-chloro-1-butanol (B), and 4-chloro-1-butanol (C), contain a stereogenic carbon atom. Select one: a. A only O b. B only O c. C only O d. A and B e. A, B and Carrow_forwardThe dimethylcyclohexane with the structure shown below is: ÇH3 CH3 Select one: O a. a trans isomer with the CH3 groups in axial positions. O b. a cis isomer with the CH3 groups in equatorial positions. O c. a cis isomer with the CH3 groups in equatorial and axial positions. O d. a trans isomer with the CH3 groups in equatorial positions.arrow_forwardIdentify the following alkyl groups: a. b. CH3CH2CH2CH2 c. d. CH3arrow_forward
- Is it possible for a motor fuel to have a negative octane rating? Explain.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of a compound fitting each description: a.an aldehyde with molecular formula C4H8O b. ketone with molecular formulab C4H8O c. a carboxylic acid with molecular formula C4H8O2 d. an ester with molecular formula C4H8O2arrow_forwardWhat are the systematic (IUPAC) names for the compounds shown? A. OH H3C systematic (IUPAC) name: B. H3C-CH₂-CH-CH₂ LL CH3 OH systematic (IUPAC) name:arrow_forward
- Draw the structure of a molecule that fi ts each description: a. a 2 ° alcohol of molecular formula C 6H 12O b. a cyclic ether with molecular formula C 5H 10O c. a 1 ° alkyl halide with molecular formula C 5H 11Clarrow_forward1. Answer the following: a) What is the IUPAC name of the acyclic unbranched alkane that contains six carbons? b) How are structural isomers best defined? i. compounds with the same molecular formula whose atoms are bonded together in different arrangements ii. compounds with the same molecular formula whose atoms are bonded together in the same arrangement, but drawn differently iii. compounds with similar structural formulas, but different numbers of hydrogens iv. none of the above c) Which of the following statements is false concerning line structures of alkanes? i. Each carbon atom has 4 bonds, although they may not all be shown explicitly ii. The lines represent bonds between the carbon atoms. iii. Hydrogen atoms are not shown because they are not present in the molecule iv. none of the abovearrow_forwardGive the IUPAC name for each of the fi ve constitutional isomers of molecular formula C 6H 14 in Problem 12.40.arrow_forward
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