Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 48P
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited trait in humans that results in higher-than-normal serum cholesterol levels [measured in milligrams of cholesterol per deciliter of blood (mg/dl)]. People with serum cholesterol levels that are roughly twice normal have a 25 times higher frequency of heart attacks than unaffected individuals. People with serum cholesterol levels three or more times higher than normal have severely blocked arteries and almost always die before they reach the age of 20. The following pedigrees show the occurrence of FH in four Japanese families:
| a. | What is the most likely mode of inheritance of FH based on these data? Do any |
| individuals in any of these pedigrees not fit your hypothesis? What special | |
| conditions might account for such individuals? | |
| b. | Why do individuals in the same |
| symbols) show such variation in their levels of serum cholesterol? |
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Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes the body to absorb too much iron from the diet. This excess iron is stored in the body's tissues and organs, particularly the skin, heart, liver, pancreas, and joints. Because humans cannot increase the excretion of iron, excess iron can overload and eventually damage tissues and organs.
Anthony and Melinda met at a support group for individuals who have hereditary hemochromatosis. They were advised by their genetic counselor that it would be risky to have children, since both of them are homozygous for the same recessive allele that causes this condition. Nevertheless, they decided to have a child together. During Melinda’s pregnancy, amniocentesis and genetic testing were performed, and it was confirmed the fetus was homozygous for the hereditary hemochromatosis allele. At birth, the baby appeared completely normal, and as the child continued to grow and mature, the couple were surprised that he seemed…
Sickle-cell disease (often called sickle-cell anemia) is a disease that is caused by a mutation to the gene that is responsible for producing the protein hemoglobin. Remember that hemoglobin is a protein in the red blood cells which is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. When a person possesses the mutated hemoglobin allele, their red blood cells take on an altered shape and this results in a variety of symptoms ranging from general weakening of the body, damage to the organs and even death. The sickle cell allele is recessive to the healthy allele, thus only individuals that are homozygous for the recessive allele will have sickle-cell disease. Individuals that are homozygous for the healthy allele, along with heterozygous, individuals will be physically healthy.
Question:
Given that this mutated allele will cause disease and death in individuals, what would you predict to occur to the frequency of this allele in the population? Explain.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disorder in humans that is incompletely dominant. If a woman who is
heterozygous for this disorder (and has half the normal number of cholesterol receptors) and a man who does not have FH have a
child, what is the likelihood that the child will have a normal level of cholesterol receptors?
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25%
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50%
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75%
Chapter 3 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 3 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 3 - In four-oclocks, the allele for red flowers is...Ch. 3 - The Aa heterozygous snapdragons in Fig. 3.3 are...Ch. 3 - Recall from Chapter 2 Fig. 2.20 that Mendels R...Ch. 3 - In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, very...Ch. 3 - A cross between two plants that both have yellow...Ch. 3 - In radishes, color and shape are each controlled...Ch. 3 - A wild legume with white flowers and long pods is...Ch. 3 - Assuming no involvement of the Bombay phenotype in...Ch. 3 - Several genes in humans in addition to the ABO...
Ch. 3 - Alleles of the gene that determines seed coat...Ch. 3 - One of your fellow students tells you that there...Ch. 3 - In a population of rabbits, you find three...Ch. 3 - In clover plants, the pattern on the leaves is...Ch. 3 - Fruit flies with one allele for curly wings Cy and...Ch. 3 - In certain plant species such as tomatoes and...Ch. 3 - In a species of tropical fish, a colorful orange...Ch. 3 - People heterozygous for normal and nonfunctional...Ch. 3 - Using old Fugate family Bibles and the Perry...Ch. 3 - A rooster with a particular comb morphology called...Ch. 3 - A black mare was crossed to a chestnut stallion...Ch. 3 - Filled-in symbols in the pedigree that follows...Ch. 3 - You perform a cross between two true-breeding...Ch. 3 - a. How would you describe inheritance of flower...Ch. 3 - Suppose the intermediate called Colorless...Ch. 3 - Explain the difference between epistasis and...Ch. 3 - The dominant allele H reduces the number of body...Ch. 3 - Secretors genotypes SS and Ss secrete their A and...Ch. 3 - Normally, wild violets have yellow petals with...Ch. 3 - A woman who is blood type B has a child whose...Ch. 3 - The following table shows the responses of blood...Ch. 3 - Three different pure-breeding strains of corn that...Ch. 3 - In mice, the AY allele of the agouti gene is a...Ch. 3 - A student whose hobby was fishing pulled a very...Ch. 3 - Suppose that blue flower color in a plant species...Ch. 3 - This problem examines possible biochemical...Ch. 3 - Considering your answers to Problem 36, does the...Ch. 3 - You picked up two mice one female and one male...Ch. 3 - Figure 3.21 and Fig. 3.28b both show traits that...Ch. 3 - Three genes in fruit flies affect a particular...Ch. 3 - The garden flower Salpiglossis sinuata painted...Ch. 3 - In foxgloves, three different petal phenotypes...Ch. 3 - In a culture of fruit flies, matings between any...Ch. 3 - Prob. 44PCh. 3 - A couple wants to know the probability that their...Ch. 3 - This problem illustrates why classical geneticists...Ch. 3 - Prob. 47PCh. 3 - Familial hypercholesterolemia FH is an inherited...Ch. 3 - You have come into contact with two unrelated...Ch. 3 - Polycystic kidney disease is a dominant trait that...Ch. 3 - Identical monozygotic twins have similar, but not...Ch. 3 - Using each of the seven coat color genes discussed...
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