Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 3, Problem 3FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The one or more amino acid chains present in the proteins are known as polypeptides. Proteins with two or more linked polypeptides form the quaternary structure. The distortion in the structure of protein leads to the destruction of its secondary and tertiary structure.
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Proteins are synthesized by a reaction called__________synthesis, which releases______________ . Subunits of proteins are called________ . The sequence of protein subunits is called the_________ structure of the protein. Two regular configurations of secondary protein structure are__________ and________ . When a protein’s secondary or higher-order structure is destroyed, the protein is said to be__________ .
In protein synthesis, adenine pairs with ________________________, and guanine pairs with ________________________.
Multiple Choice
uracil; cytosine
adenine; guanine
None of the answer choices are correct.
thymine; cytosine
thymine; uracil
At what level of protein structure (primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary) will protein structure be initially altered?
Heating a protein (due to fever), causing hydrogen bonds to break.
Drastic changes in pH (like the above patients), causing some polar amino acids to turn into non-polar amino acids
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 3.1 - which of these is/are polar molecules? (you may...Ch. 3.1 - define organic molecules and explain why carbon is...Ch. 3.1 - explain why functional groups are important in...Ch. 3.1 - name and describe the properties of seven...Ch. 3.2 - define organic molecules and explain why carbon is...Ch. 3.3 - Describe hydrolysis of this molecule.Ch. 3.3 - describe the major types of carbohydrates?Ch. 3.3 - provide examples of each type of carbohydrate and...Ch. 3.4 - Look up the rest of the amino acids and. based on...Ch. 3.4 - Infectious prions such as those that cause mad cow...
Ch. 3.4 - Why do many proteins, when heated excessively....Ch. 3.4 - Why a Perm Is (Temporarily) Permanent?Ch. 3.4 - describe protein subunits and how proteins are...Ch. 3.4 - explain the four levels of protein structure and...Ch. 3.4 - list several functions of proteins and provide...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 4CYLCh. 3.5 - describe the general structure of nucleotides?Ch. 3.5 - list three different functions of nucleotides?Ch. 3.5 - explain how nucleic acids are synthesized?Ch. 3.5 - give two examples of nucleic acids and their...Ch. 3.5 - Puzzling Proteins All cells use DNA as a blueprint...Ch. 3.6 - What kind of reaction breaks this molecule apart?Ch. 3.6 - An obese 55-year-old woman consults her physician...Ch. 3.6 - Why are steroid hormones able to diffuse through...Ch. 3.6 - compare and contrast the structure and synthesis...Ch. 3.6 - describe the functions of fats, oils, and waxes?Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1CTCh. 3 - Polar molecules a. dissolve in lipids. b. are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 3 - Which of the following is not composed of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 3 - In organic molecules made of chains of subunits,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 3 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 3 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 3 - Fill in the following with the appropriate type of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - List the four principal classes of biological...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Describe the synthesis of a protein from amino...Ch. 3 - Where in nature do we find cellulose? Where do we...Ch. 3 - Based on their structure, sketch and explain how...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2ACCh. 3 - Prob. 3AC
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- Which of the following levels of protein structure may be affected by hydrogen bonding? (a) primary and secondary (b) primary and tertiary (c) secondary, tertiary, and quaternary (d) primary, secondary, and tertiary (e) primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternaryarrow_forwardWhich statement about quaternary structure is TRUE? Quaternary structure is unaffected by acids or heat. Quaternary structure is determined by the same interaction that holds an α-helix together. Quaternary structure is how prosthetic groups are held in a protein. Quaternary structure is the position of subunits in the overall structure of a protein. All proteins have quaternary structurearrow_forwardIn your own words discuss the different structures (primary, secondary, tertiary, and Quaternary structures) of protein. What are the five factors that promote protein folding and stability. (Hint: One factor is the Hydrogen bond). Extra Hint: Another factor is the Hydrophobic effect. Do not just copy and paste from other sources/websites/books/articles/etc.arrow_forward
- Select the true statements about protein secondary structure. In an a-helix, the side chains are located on the outside of the helix. The secondary level of protein structure refers to the spatial arrangements of short segments of the protein. In a B-pleated sheet, the side chains are located between adjacent segments. Peptide bonds stabilize secondary structure. The x-helix is held together by hydrogen bonds between the amide N-H and C=O groups. Incorrectarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not true about protein folding ? * Protein folding is a process by which a polypeptide chain form a stable 3D structure. Protein folding leads to loss of function and causes a wide range of diseases When protein is defolded, peptide bonds are not affected. Protein folding is essential for proper function of proteins.arrow_forwardProtein structure is determined solely by a protein’s amino acid sequence. Should a genetically engineered protein in which the original order of all amino acids is reversed have the same structure as the original protein?arrow_forward
- A mutation leads to a change in amino acid from valine, an amino acid with a nonpolar side chain, to aspartic acid, an amino acid with a polar, negatively-charged side chain. Do you think that the following levels of protein structure change? If so, how and why? If not, why not? Please frame your answer in terms of chemical bonds and interactions. (primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, quartenary structure)arrow_forwardProtein structures have several different levels of organization. In the space below indicate the type of molecular bonds that can contribute to each level of organization: primary- secondary- tertiary- quarternary-arrow_forwardIn the following diagram of a portion of a protein, label the types of interactions that are shown. What level of protein structure are these interactions producing? ____________________arrow_forward
- There is a "primary driving force" behind protein folding (to form tertiary structure). This driving force can be used to explain below phenomenon except: water has a high density and a high boiling temperature non-polar amino acids go inside a protein long chain fatty acids form micelles oil spills go to the surface of water phospholipids form lipid bilayerarrow_forwardThere are four levels of protein structures. Name those four levels and briefly describe themarrow_forwardThe enzyme caspase-14 is manufactured by skin cells. Caspase-14 functions in the cytoplasm to make outer skin cells firm. When the amino acid chain of caspase-14 is folded, it makes an beta-pleated sheet. This describes which level of protein structure? Question 9 options: Primary structure Secondary structure Tertiary structure Quaternary structurearrow_forward
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