Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 28.1, Problem 2COMQ
Saying that a quantitative trait follows a continuum means that
a. the numerical value for the trait increases with the age of the individual.
b. environmental effects are additive.
c. the
d. the trait continuously changes during the life of an individual.
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Give at least 3 species characteristics of human beings.
What are "phenocopies"? Give at least three (3) specific examples.
Examples
1.
2.
3.
3. Which do you think is the most important type of variation? Why?
4. Differentiate continuous from discontinuous trait. Give at least two (2) examples each.
Continuous trait
Discontinuous trait
All of the following are considered a quantitative trait, EXCEPT?
a.
A trait that has a continuously varying phenotype in the population.
b.
A trait that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
c.
A trait that has multiple genes that contribute to the phenotype.
d.
A trait that is influenced by one gene that follows complete dominance inheritance patterns.
Create a fictional trait that Selection is acting against and describe:
1) What the trait consists of (i.e. a disorder, a physical characteristic, a behavior, etc).
2) The genotype or genotypes that express the trait
3) How the trait affects individuals with genotypes that do not express the trait
(100 words minimum; no sources required)
Chapter 28 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 28.1 - 1. Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 28.1 - 2. Saying that a quantitative trait follows a...Ch. 28.2 - The variance is a. a measure of the variation...Ch. 28.2 - 2. Which of the following statistics is used to...Ch. 28.3 - 1. For many quantitative traits, genotypes and...Ch. 28.4 - A QTL is a __________ where one or more genes...Ch. 28.4 - 2. To map QTLs, strains are crossed that differ...Ch. 28.5 - 1. In a population of squirrels in North Carolina,...Ch. 28.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 28.5 - 3. One way to estimate narrow-sense heritability...
Ch. 28.6 - 1. For selective breeding to be successful, the...Ch. 28.6 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 28 - Give several examples of quantitative traits.How...Ch. 28 - 2. At the molecular level, explain why...Ch. 28 - 3. What is a normal distribution? Discuss this...Ch. 28 - 4. Explain the difference between a continuous...Ch. 28 - What is a frequency distribution? Explain how such...Ch. 28 - 6. The variance for weight in a particular herd of...Ch. 28 - Two different varieties of potato plants produce...Ch. 28 - 8. If , would you conclude that a positive...Ch. 28 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 28 - When a correlation coefficient is statistically...Ch. 28 - 11. What is polygenic inheritance? Discuss the...Ch. 28 - What is a quantitative trait locus (QTL)? Does a...Ch. 28 - 13. Let’s suppose that weight in a species of...Ch. 28 - Prob. 14CONQCh. 28 - 15. From an agricultural point of view, discuss...Ch. 28 - Many beautiful varieties of roses have been...Ch. 28 - 17. In your own words, explain the meaning of the...Ch. 28 - 18. What is the difference between broad-sense...Ch. 28 - The heritability for egg weight in a group of...Ch. 28 - In a fairly large population of people living in a...Ch. 28 - When artificial selection is practiced over many...Ch. 28 - 22. Discuss whether a natural population of wolves...Ch. 28 - 23. With regard to heterosis, is each of...Ch. 28 - Here are data for height and weight among 10 male...Ch. 28 - 2. The abdomen length (in millimeters) was...Ch. 28 - 3. You conduct an RFLP analysis of head weight in...Ch. 28 - 5. Let’s suppose that two strains of pigs differ...Ch. 28 - Prob. 6EQCh. 28 - In a wild strain of tomato plants, the phenotypic...Ch. 28 - The average thorax length in aDrosophilapopulation...Ch. 28 - 9. In a strain of mice, the average 6-week body...Ch. 28 - Prob. 10EQCh. 28 - 11. A danger in computing heritability values from...Ch. 28 - For each of the following relationships,...Ch. 28 - An animal breeder had a herd of sheep with a mean...Ch. 28 - The trait of blood pressure in humans has a...Ch. 28 - Discuss why heritability is an important...Ch. 28 - From a biological viewpoint, speculate as to why...Ch. 28 - 3. What is heterosis? Discuss whether it is caused...
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- Heritability of a biological trait is best defined as which of the following? a. The proportion of variation in a trait that is specifically due to genes. b. The proportion of variation in a trait that is due to the environment and genes c. The proportion of variation in a trait that is only due to dominant additive genetic variance. d. The proportion of variation in a trait due to developmental effects.arrow_forwardThe graph below shows values for body size in parents and offspring. The data shown are consistent with which of the following situations. ANSWER CHOICES A. variation in body size is completely due to variation in the environment (heritability is 0) B. most of the variation in body size is due to variation in the environment but there is a small effect of genes (heritability is around 0.2) C. variation in body size is completely due to variation in genes (heritability is 1.0) D. most of the variation in body size is due to variation in genes but there is some effect of the environment (heritability is about 0.8)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is false? a. The color of a fruit fly's eyes is a trait. b. The instructions for producing a trait are found in a gene that controls the physical expression of that trait. c. A gene can have different alleles that can specify different traits, such as red or brown eye color. d. The trait is influenced by the gene, independent of the environment. e. By studying the patterns of traits over generations of an organism, the genetic composition of an organism can be deduced.arrow_forward
- According to the regression to the mean, the average IQ of children born to couples with low IQ would be: A. The same as the average IQ of the parents. B. More than the average IQ of the parents. C. Less than the average IQ of the population. D. Less than the average IQ of the parents. E. More than the average IQ of the population. F. Two of the above G. Three of the abovearrow_forwardPlease explain how the more genes that contribute to a particular trait, the less discrete the categories become, and the more continuous it is, the distribution appears in a quantitative trait. Be sure that you include the following topics in your description: phenotypic categories, genotype, dominant and recessive, segregations of alleles, additive alleles.arrow_forwardThe following table gives the percentage of twin pairs studied in which both twins expressed the same phenotype for a trait (concordance). Percentages listed are for concordance for each trait in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. Assuming that both twins in each pair were raised together in the same environment, what do you conclude about the relative importance of genetic versus environmental factors for each trait? Trait MZ % DZ % Blood types 100 66 Eye color 99 28 Mental retardation 97 37 Measles 95 87 Hair color 89 22 Handedness 79 77 Idiopathic epilepsy 72 15 Schizophrenia 69 10 Diabetes 65 18 Identical allergy 59 5 Cleft lip 42 5 Club foot 32 3 Mammary cancer 6 3arrow_forward
- The following table gives the percentage of twin pairs studied in which both twins expressed the same phenotype for a trait (concordance). Percentages listed are for concordance for each trait in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. Assuming that both twins in each pair were raised together in the same environment, what do you conclude about the relative importance of genetic (H) versus environmental (E) factors for each trait? Trait MZ % DZ % Blood types 100 66Eye color 99 28 Measles 95 87 Diabetes 65 18Mental retardation 97 37arrow_forwardMany genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease are due to mutations in a recessive allele. You have sampled an isolated population in which you know that the percentage of the homozygous recessive genotype (aa) is 36%. Using that 36%, calculate: 1f. the frequency of the dominant phenotype if "A" is completely dominant over "a” (round to the nearest hundredth)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statistics is used to compare two variables?a. Meanb. Correlation coefficientc. Varianced. Standard deviationarrow_forward
- Many genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease are due to mutations in a recessive allele. You have sampled an isolated population in which you know that the percentage of the homozygous recessive genotype (aa) is 36%. Using that 36%, calculate: 1g. the frequency of the recessive phenotype if "A" is completely dominant over "a” (round to the nearest hundredth)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about quantitative genetics is TRUE? Heritability is the measure of the proportion of an individual's phenotype that is due to genetics. QTL mapping provides an overestimate of the number of genes contributing to a quantitative trait. A threshold trait is measured in whole numbers. An H2 value (broad-sense heritability) that approaches 0.0 means that almost all the phenotypic variation is determined by genetic differences. The h2 (narrow-sense heritability) value is a prediction of the impact that selection may have in altering an initial population by artificial selection.arrow_forwardGive at least one example of why certain complicated qualities are also known as quantitative traits.arrow_forward
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