Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 28, Problem 7EQ
In a wild strain of tomato plants, the
A. Estimate
B. What is
C. Assuming that all of the genetic variance is additive, what is
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A characteristic has a narrow-sense heritability of 0.6.a. If the dominance variance (VD) increases and all other variancecomponents remain the same, what will happen to narrow-senseheritability? Will it increase, decrease, or remain the same? Explain.b. What will happen to broad-sense heritability? Explain.c. If the environmental variance (VE) increases and all other variancecomponents remain the same, what will happen to narrow-senseheritability? Explain.d. What will happen to broad-sense heritability? Explain.
A characteristic has a narrow-sense heritability of 0.6. a. If the dominance variance (VD) increases and all other variance components remain the same, what will happen to narrow-sense heritability? Will it increase, decrease, or remain the same? Explain. b. What will happen to broad-sense heritability? Explain. c. If the environmental variance (VE) increases and all other variance components remain the same, what will happen to narrow-sense heritability? Explain.
Two different varieties of potato plants produce potatoes with thesame mean weight of 1.5 pounds. One variety has a very low variancefor potato wieght, and the other has a much higher variance.
A. Discuss the possible reasons for the differences in variance.B. If you were a potato farmer, would you rather raise a varietywith a low or high variance? Explain your answer from apracticalpoint of view.C. If you were a potato breeder and you wanted to develop potatoeswith a heavier weight, would you choose the variety witha low or high variance? Explain your answer.
Chapter 28 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 28.1 - 1. Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 28.1 - 2. Saying that a quantitative trait follows a...Ch. 28.2 - The variance is a. a measure of the variation...Ch. 28.2 - 2. Which of the following statistics is used to...Ch. 28.3 - 1. For many quantitative traits, genotypes and...Ch. 28.4 - A QTL is a __________ where one or more genes...Ch. 28.4 - 2. To map QTLs, strains are crossed that differ...Ch. 28.5 - 1. In a population of squirrels in North Carolina,...Ch. 28.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 28.5 - 3. One way to estimate narrow-sense heritability...
Ch. 28.6 - 1. For selective breeding to be successful, the...Ch. 28.6 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 28 - Give several examples of quantitative traits.How...Ch. 28 - 2. At the molecular level, explain why...Ch. 28 - 3. What is a normal distribution? Discuss this...Ch. 28 - 4. Explain the difference between a continuous...Ch. 28 - What is a frequency distribution? Explain how such...Ch. 28 - 6. The variance for weight in a particular herd of...Ch. 28 - Two different varieties of potato plants produce...Ch. 28 - 8. If , would you conclude that a positive...Ch. 28 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 28 - When a correlation coefficient is statistically...Ch. 28 - 11. What is polygenic inheritance? Discuss the...Ch. 28 - What is a quantitative trait locus (QTL)? Does a...Ch. 28 - 13. Let’s suppose that weight in a species of...Ch. 28 - Prob. 14CONQCh. 28 - 15. From an agricultural point of view, discuss...Ch. 28 - Many beautiful varieties of roses have been...Ch. 28 - 17. In your own words, explain the meaning of the...Ch. 28 - 18. What is the difference between broad-sense...Ch. 28 - The heritability for egg weight in a group of...Ch. 28 - In a fairly large population of people living in a...Ch. 28 - When artificial selection is practiced over many...Ch. 28 - 22. Discuss whether a natural population of wolves...Ch. 28 - 23. With regard to heterosis, is each of...Ch. 28 - Here are data for height and weight among 10 male...Ch. 28 - 2. The abdomen length (in millimeters) was...Ch. 28 - 3. You conduct an RFLP analysis of head weight in...Ch. 28 - 5. Let’s suppose that two strains of pigs differ...Ch. 28 - Prob. 6EQCh. 28 - In a wild strain of tomato plants, the phenotypic...Ch. 28 - The average thorax length in aDrosophilapopulation...Ch. 28 - 9. In a strain of mice, the average 6-week body...Ch. 28 - Prob. 10EQCh. 28 - 11. A danger in computing heritability values from...Ch. 28 - For each of the following relationships,...Ch. 28 - An animal breeder had a herd of sheep with a mean...Ch. 28 - The trait of blood pressure in humans has a...Ch. 28 - Discuss why heritability is an important...Ch. 28 - From a biological viewpoint, speculate as to why...Ch. 28 - 3. What is heterosis? Discuss whether it is caused...
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- The mean and variance of Corolla length in two highly strains of tabacco and their progeny are shown in the following table and one parent (P1) have a short corolla the other parent (P2) have a long corolla calculate the broad sense heritability (H) corolla length in the plant Strain mean (mm). Variance (mm) P1 short 40.47. 3.12 P2 long. 93.75. 3.87 F1 (P1×P2). 63.90 4.74 F2(F1×F2). 68.72. 47.76arrow_forwardA wide-ranging survey of Nicotonia growing in its natural environment recorded a variation in corolla length ranging from 12mm to 47mm with a variance of 36.5. Subsequently, collected seeds were grown in a greenhouse and it was found that the range was now very much lower with most plants having similar corolla lengths and the variance was now only 8.4. ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN 1. What is the heritability of corolla length?arrow_forward1) The following variances were calculated for two traits in a herd of hogs. Trait Vp VG VA Back fat 30.6 12.2 8.44 Body length 52.4 26.4 11.70 Calculate the broad sense heritability (H?) and narrow sense heritability's (h2) for each train in this herd. Which of the two traits will respond best to the selection by a breeder? Why?arrow_forward
- The mean and variance of plant height of two highly inbred strains (P1 and P2) and their progeny (F1 and F2) are shown here. Strain Mean (cm) Variance P1 34.2 4.2 P2 55.3 3.8 F1 44.2 5.6 F2 46.3 10.3 Calculate the broad-sense heritability (H2) of plant height in this species.arrow_forward1. Consider this graph on running speed in huskies Midosspring running speed (m/s) 16 14 12 10 8 + 2 Husky running speed 4 6 8 Midparent running speed (m/s) 10 12 14 16 a. Approximately what is the heritability of running speed in this kennel of huskies? (You can approximate by eyeballing from the graph, no need to calculate the actual slope) b. If the breeder where to selectively breed the dogs, will the dogs run substantially faster in the next generation? c. What else can the breeder do to increase running speed?arrow_forward2) The following variances were calculated for two traits in poodles. Trait VA Vp VG Tail length 6.3 20.1 8 Body length 11.7 33.4 16.2 Calculate broad sense (H?) and narrow sense (h?) heritability for each trait in this herd.arrow_forward
- A hypothetical study investigated the vitamin A content and thecholesterol content of eggs from a large population of chickens.The variances (V) were calculated, as shown at the top of the nextcolumn: Variance Vitamin A CholesterolVP 123.5 862.0VE 96.2 484.6VA 12.0 192.1VD 15.3 185.3 Calculate the narrow-sense heritability (h2) for bothtraits.arrow_forward2. The leaf width of a particular plant has an environmental variance of 2.3 cm, an epistatic variance of 4.8 cm, a dominance variance of 1.6 cm, and an additive variance of 3.8 cm. Determine, and interpret, the broad sense and narrow sense heritability.arrow_forwardDescribe in your own words what variance measures. Then explain why the variance of both samples must be used in the calculation of a t-test (In other words, explain why we have to factor in the variance when comparing the means).arrow_forward
- Corn plants from a test plot are measured, and the distribution of heights at 10-cm intervals is recorded in the following table: Height (cm) Plants (no.) 100 20 110 60 120 90 130 130 140 180 150 120 160 70 170 50 180 40 Calculate (a) the mean height, (b) the variance, (c) the standard deviation, and (d) the standard error of the mean. Plot a rough graph of plant height against frequency. Do the values represent a normal distribution? Based on your calculations, how would you assess the variation within this population?arrow_forwardPopulation A consists of 100 hens that are fully isogenicand that are reared in a uniform environment. Theaverage weight of the eggs they lay is 52 g, and the variance is 3.5 g2. Population B consists of 100 geneticallyvariable hens that produce eggs with a mean weight of52 g and a variance of 21.0 g2. Population B is raised in anenvironment that is equivalent to that of Population A.What is the environmental variance (Ve) for egg weight?What is the genetic variance in Population B? What is thebroad-sense heritability in Population B?arrow_forwardHow are the standard deviation and variance related to each other? How are they different than just measuring the range? Can plot samples of dandelion cover from two different locations have the same mean but different variance? Explain. Can you answer question 3? Thanks.arrow_forward
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