To describe and correct: The error in writing a polynomial function f with rational coefficients and zeros 2 and 1+i .
The required polynomial function would be f(x)=x3−4x2+6x−4 .
Given information:
Incorrect process of writing a polynomial function:
f(x)=(x−2)[x−(1+i)]=x(x−1−i)−2(x−1−i)=x2−x−ix−2x+2+2i=x2−(3+i)x+(2+2i)
Formula used:
- Factor Theorem: If x=a, b, c are zeros of the function f(x) , then (x−a), (x−b) and (x−c) would be factors of the function.
- Complex Conjugate Theorem: For any polynomial function f(x) with real coefficients, if (a+bi) is an imaginary zero of the function, then (a−bi) will be the other zero of f(x) because complex zeros come in pairs.
- As per Irrational conjugates Theorem, if (a+√b) is a zero of polynomial function f(x) , then (a−√b) will be other zero of the function.
Calculation:
For the given problem, there are 2 zeros. As per complex conjugate theorem, the other zero would be 1−i . This means there would be three zeros for the given problem, while in the given process only two zeros has been used.
Using the factor theorem, the factored form of f would be:
f(x)=(x−2)[x−(1+i)][x−(1−i)]=(x−2)(x−1−i)(x−1+i)
Now expand the factors using difference of squares formula (a−b)(a+b)=a2−b2 :
f(x)=(x−2)(x−1−i)(x−1+i)=(x−2)((x−1)2−i2)=(x−2)((x−1)2+1)(Using identity −i2=1)=(x−2)(x2−2x+1+1)(Using formula (a−b)2=a2−2ab+b2)=(x−2)(x2−2x+2)=x(x2−2x+2)−2(x2−2x+2)(Using distributive property)=x3−2x2+2x−2x2+4x−4=x3−4x2+6x−4
Therefore, the required polynomial function would be f(x)=x3−4x2+6x−4 .
Chapter 2 Solutions
Holt Mcdougal Larson Algebra 2: Student Edition 2012
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