(a)
Interpretation:
The principle of operation of thermal conductivity detector is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Thermal conductivity can be defined as the ability of a material to conduct heat.
(b)
Interpretation:
The principle of operation of atomic emission detector is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Atomic emission occurs when an atom emits some specific wavelengths.
(c)
Interpretation:
The principle of operation of thermionic detector is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Thermionic emissions occur when electrons are excited from a heated source.
(d)
Interpretation:
The principle of operation of the electron capture detector is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The electron capture is the process of making unstable atoms more stable.
(e)
Interpretation:
The principle of operation of flame photometric detector is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Flame photometry is utilized for inorganic chemical analysis. It can detect the concentration of some metals like lithium, sodium, calcium and more.
(f)
Interpretation:
The principle of operation of flame ionization detector is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Flame ionization detection is a device used to measure the analyte in a gas flow.
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Principles of Instrumental Analysis
- [References) A method for the determination of the corticosteroid methylprednisolone acetate in solutions obtained from pharmaceutical preparations yielded a mean value of 3.7 mg mL with a standard deviation of 0.3 mg mL. For quality control purposes, the relative uncertainty in the concentration should be no more than 3%. How many samples of each batch should be analyzed to ensure that the relative standard deviation does not exceed 9% at the 95% confidence level? samplesarrow_forwardA young researcher was evaluating a standard method for determining the methylmercury content in blue fin tuna using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). She determined the standard deviation (?)(s) for the method to be 0.440.44 ppb and assumed that ?s was a good approximation of ?σ . As a test, she used this method to evaluate the methylmercury content in a National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard and determined the unknown amount to be within 0.210.21 ppb (?)(μ) of the known mean with 99% probability. How many replicate measurements of the NIST standard did the researcher perform?arrow_forwardTitration of an oxalate sample gave the following percentages: 15.07 % , 15.58 % , and 15.42 % . Calculate the average. Calculate the standard deviation.arrow_forward
- In a volumetric determination of an analyte A, the data obtained and their standard deviations are as follows: Initial buret reading 0.19 mL 0.02 mL Final buret reading 7.86 mL 0.03 mL Sample mass 63.0 mg 0.2 mg From the data, find the coefficient of variation of the final result for the %A that is obtained by using the equation that follows and assuming there is no uncertainty in the equivalent mass. %A= titrant volume x equivalent mass x 100 %/ sample mass Coefficient of variation = Submit Answer % Try Another Version 10 item attempts remainingarrow_forwardMolarity trail 1 0.0366 trail 2 0.0373 trail 3 0.0370 Calculate the standard deviation. Calculate the Relative Standard deviation of molarity to 3 sig figs.arrow_forwardThe protein concentration of a protein isolate was determined using the Bradford assay. Five dilution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were prepared from a 5.00 mg/mL BSA stock solution. To these dilutions, 100 µl of Bradford reagent were added. After 5 minutes, the absorbance was taken at 595 nm. Standard # BSA, in mg/mL Volume of Bradford reagent, A595 in mL 1 5.0 0.000 1.00 5.0 0.134 3 2.00 5.0 0.265 4 3.00 5.0 0.388 4.00 5.0 0.497 The supernatant dilution was prepared by mixing 49 µL of the protein isolate with 16 µL water. The absorbance was taken 5 minutes after addition of 100 mL Bradford reagent. Calculate the protein concentration (in mg/mL) of the original isolate if the absorbance at 595 nm was 0.413. Note: Final answer format must be x.xxx (three decimal places). Round off only in the final answer. Do not round off in the middle of calculation.arrow_forward
- i) To estimate the accuracy and precision of the method of determination of glucose in a blood sample, blood was spiked with a 88.2 ngml1 of glucose. The amount of glucose was determined in the spiked sample giving the following results in ngml1, 83.6, 69.0, 83.4 100.0 and 76.4. a)Find the accuracy of the quality control sample. b)Find the precision of the quality control samplearrow_forwardOne method for quantitative determination of the concentration of constituents in a sample analyzed by gas chromatography is the area normalization method. In this method, complete elution of all of the sample constituents is necessary. The area of each peak is then measured and corrected for differences in detector response to the different eluates. This correction is accomplished by dividing the area by an empirically determined correction factor. The concentration of the analyte is found from the ratio of its corrected area to the total corrected area of all peaks. For a chromatogram containing three peaks, the relative areas were found to be 16.4, 45.2, and 30.2 in the order of increasing retention time. Calculate the percentage of each compound if the relative detector responses were 0.60, 0.78, and 0.88, respectivelyarrow_forwardFind the standard deviation (if the mass of KHP in three experimental solutions are 0.467,0.48, and 0.48 and the volume of NaOH IN THE exp are 22,29,24 respectively in order to the masses of KHP ) the average molarity of NaOH in each experiment = 5.30x 10^-4 + 4.137x10^-4 + 5.0x10^-4 divided by 3 = 4.81x10^-4 ).arrow_forward
- 4.Discussed the Purposed of the Golden rules in the practice of Forensic Chrmistry.arrow_forwardI want a abstract of the hardness experiment and an explanation of the theory and objectives Thank youarrow_forwardA group of students titrate a calcium carbonate standard solution repeatedly in five experimental trials. Based on the five trials, the group determines that the average concentration of the standard is 80.5 ppm with a standard deviation of 0.5 ppm. Using the equation for the Student's t confidence interval found in Appendix 1 of your lab manual and the t-value for a 95% confidence interval, calculate the confidence interval for which there is a 95% chance of finding the "true value" of the standard solution's concentration based on the data. Put your answer in the format # lower limit < "true value" < # upper limit. (Appendix 2 has an example that may be helpful.)arrow_forward
- Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning