Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
In the
Concept introduction:
The absolute configuration of a molecule is a spatial arrangement of atoms. It is represented by two terms
(b)
Interpretation:
The reason as to why
Concept introduction:
The absolute configuration of a molecule is a spatial arrangement of atoms. It is represented by two terms
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Organic Chemistry
- Consider the following peptide : Phe – Glu – Ser – Met and Val – Trp – Cys – Leu. Do these peptides have different net charges at (a) pH 1? (b) pH 7? Indicate the charges at both pH valuesarrow_forwardH. H. H. CH2 (CH2)4 NH3* CH2 но CH CH, CH CH2 CH2 H. (a) (b) (e) Which of the interactions stabilizing protein tertiary structure is (a)? O hydrophobic interaction O disulphide bridge bonding O hydrogen bonding O salt bridge bondingarrow_forward1. Among the following five types of biomolecules, which is the least common drug target for commercial drugs? (a) Enzymes (b) Receptors (c) Carbohydrates (d) Membrane transport proteins (e) DNA 2. Which is a false statement regarding non-competitive enzyme inhibitor? (a) It binds to an allosteric site of the enzyme (b) It does not compete with the natural substrate for binding to the active site of the enzyme (c) Its binding to the enzyme can induce a conformational change of the enzyme (d) It can be used in combination therapies with a competitive inhibitor (e) It usually is a mimic of the natural enzyme substrate 3. What is the purpose of structure-activity-relationship (SAR) studies? (a) To identify the drug target (b) To improve the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug (c) To determine which atoms or functional groups are important to the activity of a drug (d) To simplify the synthesis of the drug (e) To optimise activity of the drug 4. Among the following five types of…arrow_forward
- 27. Which of the following statements about cholesterol is not correct? CH3 CH3 H. d но Cholesterol (a) Cholesterol is a steroid that contains a tetracyclic ring system. (b) Cholesterol is a steroid that contains 8 chiral carbons and can form 28 or 256 stereoisomers. (c) Each atom or group attached to a ring-junction carbon (i.e., carbons a -e) is in a trans or axial position. Because of this the tetracyclic ring system is mostly flat. (d) Cholesterol is used to synthesized vitamin D, bile acids, sex hormones, and adrenocorticoid hormones. (e) Cholesterol is not found in the cell membranes of animals.arrow_forwardThe amino acid threonine has two chiral centers. The stereoisomer found in proteins has the configuration 2S,3R about the two chiral centers. Draw (a) a Fischer projection of this stereoisomer and (b) a three-dimensional representationarrow_forwardGiven that C6H11COOH has a pKa = 4.8 and C6H11N + H3 has a pKa = 10.7, what pH would you make the water layer to cause both compounds to dissolve in it?arrow_forward
- 8. The following proteins represent a wide range of molecular weights and isoelectric points. Mr is the molecular weight of a single protein chain. • Protein 1: Mr 68,544; pl 6.11 (monomer) • Protein 2: Mr 29,041; pl 5.32 (dimer) • Protein 3: Mr 15,805; pl 5.7 (dimer) • Protein 4: Mr 12,165; pl 4.74 a. Which protein is the most acidic? Explain your answer. b. Which protein will migrate the slowest in an SDS-PAGE? Explain your answer. c. In what order will these proteins elute from a cation exchanger at pH 8? Explain your answer. d. In what order will these proteins salt out from a pH 7 solution by the dropwise addition of saturated ammonium sulfate? Explain your answer. 5 83°F Cloudyarrow_forwardThe activity of an enzyme requires a glutamic acid to display its -COOH functional group in the protonated state. Suppose the pK, of the -COOH group is 4.07. (a) Will the enzyme be more active at pH 3.5 or 4.5? Explain. (b) What fraction of the enzymes will be active at pH = 4.07? Explain. (c) At what pH will the enzyme show 78% of maximal activity?arrow_forward(a) Which of the common amino acids have more than one carboxyl group?arrow_forward
- ,,,arrow_forward11. The structures of three amino acids are given below : NH2 0 Но -CH,CH-C-OH HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH (1) (II)arrow_forwardThe first step in the catabolism of most amino acids is the removal of the nitrogen atom by transfer to an a-keto acid, a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme called a transaminase. The a-keto acid acceptor is often a-ketoglutarate. Modify the structures in the product to show the products of the transamination of cysteine. Be sure to show functional groups with the charge and number of attached hydrogen atoms appropriate for pH 7.4. transaminase + O=C H₂N-CH + CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ SH Incorrect H₂N || CH | CH₂ | CH₂ I || O || n | CH₂ T SHarrow_forward
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