Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 26, Problem 4TYU
Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common ancestor T, as do extinet species U and V. A grouping that consists of species T, X, Y, and Z (but not U or V) makes up
(A) a monophyletictaxon.
- (B) an ingroup, with species U as the outgroup.
- (C) a paraphyletic group.
- (D) a polyphyletic group.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common ancestor T, asdo extinct species U and V. A grouping that consists of speciesT, X, Y, and Z (but not U or V) makes up(A) a monophyletic taxon.(B) an ingroup, with species U as the outgroup.(C) a paraphyletic group.(D) a polyphyletic group.
Identify each of the following groups of species as a monophyletic group (clade), a paraphyletic group, or a polyphyletic group.
a) Brown bear, Polar bear, D, G
b) Sun bear, Sloth bear, Spectacled bear
c) Sun bear, Asian black bear, American black bear, E, F
Which of the following are true about outgroups? (multiple answers allowed)
A) they help identify plesiomorphic traits in the pylogeny
B) they are a taxa that is known to not be within the species group in questionC) They do not have any autapomorphic traits
D)they are less evolved than the species of interest
Chapter 26 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.1 - DRAW IT The bear family (Ursidae) is more closety...Ch. 26.2 - Decide whether each of the following pairs of...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - WHAT IF? Draw a phylogenetic tree that includes...Ch. 26.4 - Explain how comparing proteins of two species can...Ch. 26.4 - WHAT IF? Suppose gene A is orthologous in species...
Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.5 - What is a molecular clock? What assumption...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.6 - Why is the kingdom Monera no longer considered a...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how the origin of...Ch. 26 - Humans and chimpanzees are sister species. Explain...Ch. 26 - Why is it necessary to distinguish homology from...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.3CRCh. 26 - When reconstructing phylogenies, is it more useful...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.5CRCh. 26 - Prob. 26.6CRCh. 26 - In a comparison of birds and mammals, the...Ch. 26 - To appiy parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS In Figure 26.4, which similarly...Ch. 26 - Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common...Ch. 26 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 26 - If you were using cladistics to build a...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS The relative lengths of the frog and...Ch. 26 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Darwin suggested looking at a...Ch. 26 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT (a) Draw a...Ch. 26 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION In a Short essay...Ch. 26 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This West Indian manatee...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- a) Is there a monophyletic group that includes only the tapir, rhinoceros, and equids (Horses)? If so, which animals are included? b) Is there a monophyletic group that includes only pronghorns and deer? If so, which animals are included? c) Is there a monophyletic that includes pigs and bovidss? If there is, what other animals would be a part of the monophyletic group?arrow_forwardFor each combination of species, indicate whether the group they form would be monophyletic or paraphyletic. D < < A, G, B C, J, A, B, G, I, E, H, F A, B, G, I, H, E A D, C, A, B, G, K, J, I K B J | LL F H E 1. Monophyletic (i.e., a clade) 2. Paraphyletic (i.e., not a clade)arrow_forward1) How have scientists created the "tree of life"? Do you think that variations exist between these created trees? 2) What are the pros and cons to creating a "tree of life"? 3) When constructing this tree of life we can see many dead ends or organisms that we are unsure of their exact placement. Why is this? 4) Choose one species (either alive today or extinct) and describe its taxonomic classification. What traits or characteristics were used to classify this species into its current taxonomic classification? What other organisms are considered to be its closest relatives?arrow_forward
- Below are phylogenetic trees depicting the relationships among four species, A, B, C, and D. Which of the following statements is correct? ABCD ADCB DCBA D CAB (1) (2) (3) (4) Tree (1) and Tree (2) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (4) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (3) are the same tree. All four trees are in fact the same tree. All four trees are in fact different trees.arrow_forwardWhat is the phylogenetic definition of a species? A) A group of individuals that can breed and produce viable offspring B) A group of interbreeding individuals that share the same environment C) A group of individuals that share a common ancestorarrow_forwardMatch the following phylogenetic group terms with their correct definitions: Monophyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants Monophyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor but not all of its descendants Paraphyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants Paraphyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor but not all of its descendants Polyphyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants Polyphyletic: A group that does not include the most recent common ancestor of its membersarrow_forward
- Which of the following is a paraphyletic group? A) E,F,G B) C and D c)A,B,C,D D) E,F,G,H,I,J,K E) j and Karrow_forwardSuppose the phylogenetic species concept (PSC) were preferred over other species concepts, such as the BSC. What would be the implications for (a) discourse on the evolutionary mechanisms of speciation; (b) studies of species diversity in ecological communities; (c) estimates of species diversity on a worldwide basis; and (d) conservation practices under such legal frameworks as the U.S. Endangered Species Act?arrow_forwardWhich of the following CANNOT be learned by looking at phylogenetic trees? (A) ALL of these. (B) Which groups of species represent natural monophyletic groups (clades) that should be named. (C) Which ancestral nodes (representing extinct ancestors) might be older than other ancestral nodes. (D) Which extant species are older than other extant species. (E) Which characteristics most likely evolved along specific branches of the evolutionary tree.arrow_forward
- compare and contrast between the following a) allopatric speciation and sympatric speciation. b) autopolyploid speciation and allopolyploid speciation c) natural selection and sexual selectionarrow_forwardThe table shows the distribution of traits (A-E) in six extant species (1-6). A “0” indicates the ancestral condition, and a “1” indicates the derived condition. 1. Which trait is least informative of phylogenetic relationships within the group? 2. Which species has the fewest number of derived characters?arrow_forwardSuppose a new monkey species, Species A, has just been discovered. You are a primatologist, and you are trying to determine its phylogenetic position. You are sure its closest relatives are Species B and Species C, but you want to know which one it is more closely related to or if it is equally closely related to both. You are using Species D, a more distant relative, as the outgroup. You have come up with a list of ten characters you think will be useful in resolving this phylogeny, and you have determined the character state of each species for each character. The character states are: (in image below) Estimate the phylogeny of these taxa by plotting the changes on each of the three possible phylogenies for species A, B, and C and determining which tree requires the fewest evolutionary changes. HINT: First, review the carnivorans problem in Section 4.3 of the Zimmer and Emlen textbook. To solve the above problem, assume the outgroup has the ancestral character state for each…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Discovering the tree of life | California Academy of Sciences; Author: California Academy of Sciences;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AjvLQJ6PIiU;License: Standard Youtube License