The way through which a highly infectious strain of the virus that targets and destroys neurons might be changed so that it could deliver a gene to correct cystic fibrosis in lung tissue. Introduction: Viruses are intracellular obligate parasites that require a host cell to proliferate. They take over the machinery of the host cell that it infects and reproduces within the host cell. They possess either DNA or RNA genome, which is surrounded by the protein capsid.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Chapter 26, Problem 4S

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way through which a highly infectious strain of the virus that targets and destroys neurons might be changed so that it could deliver a gene to correct cystic fibrosis in lung tissue.

Introduction: Viruses are intracellular obligate parasites that require a host cell to proliferate. They take over the machinery of the host cell that it infects and reproduces within the host cell. They possess either DNA or RNA genome, which is surrounded by the protein capsid.

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Some older vaccines used a weakened strain of the pathogenic virus in the injection in the hope that the weakened virus would induce an immune response without causing disease. The virus vectors used in genetic engineering have all the harmful virus genes cut out and replaced with the foreign gene, such as one that makes a protein that is absent in the human patient. Which type of viral vaccine would you prefer to take as the safest option? Why? Some Covid 19 vaccines in development use the adenovirus, a common vector used in gene therapies, to inject the mRNa for the spike protein into human muscle cells. Why might vaccines using a virus vector be more likely to need only refrigeration and not deep-cold storage, given what you know about viruses?

Some retroviruses that have a wide host range have been developed for use in treatment of diseases or syndromes. These viruses do not result in a productive infection because they lack critical genes for viral replication, but they do carry DNA sequences that allow them to be packaged into infectious particles. Once in the host cell the viral DNA is released and integrates into the cell's genome. The advantage to this strategy is that the delivery of the DNA is very efficient. What is one possible problem of using a virus that can integrate into the human nuclear genome? Multiple Choice The virus carries genes that will interfere with host cell activities. The viral DNA sequences could still cause a disease. Since the viral DNA sequences no longer contain essential genes for viral replication the host cell may not be able to replicate either. The integration could disrupt an essential gene or genes.

Epidemiologists at the CDC in Atlanta, GA, have called you in to investigate an increased incidence of leukemia in a remote region of Africa. Shortly after you arrive, an RNA virus was isolated from patients and found to induce leukemia in mice. At this point, you don't know the viral gene product or the mechanism that causes development of leukemia. One of your lab assistants has isolated a variant of the virus that is missing 20% of the genome of the original virus and does not induce leukemia in mice. a) How would you determine which portion of the genome is associated with the development of leukemia? b) How would you determine the viral product or mechanism associated with the development of leukemia?

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Chapter 26, Problem 4S

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way through which a highly infectious strain of the virus that targets and destroys neurons might be changed so that it could deliver a gene to correct cystic fibrosis in lung tissue.

Introduction: Viruses are intracellular obligate parasites that require a host cell to proliferate. They take over the machinery of the host cell that it infects and reproduces within the host cell. They possess either DNA or RNA genome, which is surrounded by the protein capsid.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Chapter 26, Problem 4S

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way through which a highly infectious strain of the virus that targets and destroys neurons might be changed so that it could deliver a gene to correct cystic fibrosis in lung tissue.

Introduction: Viruses are intracellular obligate parasites that require a host cell to proliferate. They take over the machinery of the host cell that it infects and reproduces within the host cell. They possess either DNA or RNA genome, which is surrounded by the protein capsid.

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

Chapter 26, Problem 4S

Summary Introduction