BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 26, Problem 1A
Summary Introduction
Introduction: HIV refers to the human immunodeficiency virus that causesacquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) in humans. This virus attacks the immune system of the body and interferes with the body’s ability to fight against infections.
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A mutation in the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been detected in a strain that is quickly dominating the number of cases in the United States and Europe. What virulence factor function has been improved/selected for in this new variant?
a. replication efficiency
b. lysis of host cells
c. cell toxicity
d. attachment to cells
Prior to entry, the _________ glycoprotein of the HIV virus recognizes the ______ receptor on the surface of the macrophage.
a. CCR5; gp120
b. CXCR4; CCR5
c. CD4; CCR5
d. gp120; CD4
We are confronted with a new RNA virus that uses x-proteins to attach to host cells and primarily infects liver cells. Based on this we would expect: (2 answers only)
a. possible latent infections
b. viral susceptibility to valacyclovir
c. viral suspeptibility to RNA->RNA pol inhibitor
d. symptoms of hepatits
Chapter 26 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.3 - Describe how viruses can contribute DNA to their...Ch. 26.4 - Describe the differences between acute and...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 26.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 26 - Prob. 1UCh. 26 - Prob. 2UCh. 26 - Prob. 3UCh. 26 - Prob. 4UCh. 26 - Why is a drug that blocks HIV binding to one of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6UCh. 26 - Prob. 7UCh. 26 - Prob. 1ACh. 26 - Prob. 2ACh. 26 - Prob. 3ACh. 26 - Prob. 4ACh. 26 - Prob. 5ACh. 26 - Prob. 6ACh. 26 - Prob. 7ACh. 26 - E. coli lysogens derived from infection by phage ...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2SCh. 26 - Prob. 3SCh. 26 - Prob. 4SCh. 26 - Prob. 5S
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- To infect their specific host cells, viruses go through these chronological steps EXCEPT a. Release of progeny viruses b. Absorption and penetration of the viral particles c. Uncoating of the nucleic acid of the viral particles d. Synthesis and assembly of viral particle componentsarrow_forwardWhich of the following most directly causes the symptoms experienced by a person who is infected with a coronavirus, such as SARS-CoV-2? A. The virus eating the cells of the respiratory tract B. Viral spikes poking holes in lung cells C. Immune response of the hostarrow_forwardThe coronavirus is named for it’s crown or “corona” in Latin which is made of A.jewels b.protein spikes c.ciliaarrow_forward
- Identify the statement that does not provide accurate evidence as to why HIV is so lethal. a. During the course of infection, HIV increases immune activation by altering intestinal physiology to let more microbes into the blood supply. b. Immune evasion increases in many infections due to HIV virions evolving new and unrecognizable epitopes (antigens). c. In many individuals the virus population evolves to use different receptors to gain access to a greater diversity of host immune cells. d. HIV causes enhanced replication and proliferation of T cells, which allows the immune system to work better at defending against pathogens.arrow_forwardVirus spikes are commonly associated with which of the following? a. Non enveloped viruses b. Glycoproteins c. Lipids from the host cell membrane d. Inability to cause hemaglutinationarrow_forwardExplain HIV is so difficult to treat. Why antiviral medication is a cocktail/mixture of different antiviral medications and how might they work to fight off the infection?arrow_forward
- Which pertains to the immune response of a woman who has just inhaled a coronavirus to which she has no immunity. A.an immune response will begin once the antigen enters lymphoid tissues as the lymph nodes B. IgA directed toward this coronavirus will be immediately present in respiratory secretions C. each Ab produced against an epitope of the coronavirus will have identical binding sites D. only B lymphocytes will be capable of responding to the coronavirus E. only IgM will be produced in the initial response.arrow_forwardConsider the events that occur in HIV infection. I. HIV undergoes molecular self assembly.II. The protein gp120 binds to CD4.III. The HIV genome is incorporated into the host cell genome.IV. Reverse transcriptase is activated.V. The lipid envelope of HIV fuses with the T cell membrane. What is the correct sequence of the numbered events? I > III > V > IV > II IV > II > I > V > III II > V > IV > III > I III > I > II > IV > Varrow_forwardWhy are vaccines and/or passive immunization the method of choice in the treatment or prevention of viral infections? A. There are no known inhibitors to reverse transcription B. Viruses are non-living and do not have their own genetic mechanisms to reproduce by themselves hence host cells must rely on targeting the virus or their products. C. Antibodies prevent replication of viral genome D. Antibodies prevent transcription and translation of viral genomes E. All of thesearrow_forward
- Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but NOT in the lysogenic cycle? a.both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis b.attachment c.viral protein synthesis d.digestion of host DNA e.entryarrow_forwardPeople with the CCR5Δ32 mutation of a T-cell surface protein can be exposed to some strains of HIV-1 without becoming sick. What step of the virus life cycle is likely to be inhibited with this mutation? a. Release b. Reverse transcription c. Uncoating d. Attachmentarrow_forwarda.) Why is HIV infection dangerous? b.) How is the HIV virus transmitted? C.) And how can infection be prevented?arrow_forward
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