The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations. Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 24, Problem 14PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations.

Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered the loss-of-function mutations.

Introduction: When the genes of somatic cells are mutated, they are not passed to the next generation. Therefore, cancer is not inherited. When a mutation occurs in germ cells, then it makes cancer, inherited.

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Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. To become cancer promoting, do proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes undergo gain-of-function or loss-of-function mutations? Classify the following genes as proto-oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes: p53, ras, BCL-2, JUN, MDM2, and p16.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 14PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations.

Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered the loss-of-function mutations.

Introduction: When the genes of somatic cells are mutated, they are not passed to the next generation. Therefore, cancer is not inherited. When a mutation occurs in germ cells, then it makes cancer, inherited.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 14PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations.

Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered the loss-of-function mutations.

Introduction: When the genes of somatic cells are mutated, they are not passed to the next generation. Therefore, cancer is not inherited. When a mutation occurs in germ cells, then it makes cancer, inherited.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 14PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations.

Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered the loss-of-function mutations.

Introduction: When the genes of somatic cells are mutated, they are not passed to the next generation. Therefore, cancer is not inherited. When a mutation occurs in germ cells, then it makes cancer, inherited.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 14PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations.

Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered the loss-of-function mutations.

Introduction: When the genes of somatic cells are mutated, they are not passed to the next generation. Therefore, cancer is not inherited. When a mutation occurs in germ cells, then it makes cancer, inherited.

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 14PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations.

Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 14PDQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered as the gain-of-function mutations.

Introduction: Cancer is caused when one of the alleles of an oncogene is mutated or both the alleles of tumor suppressor genes are mutated. The mutation in both genes affects the expression of these genes, which affects the regulation of the cell cycle.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered the loss-of-function mutations.

Introduction: When the genes of somatic cells are mutated, they are not passed to the next generation. Therefore, cancer is not inherited. When a mutation occurs in germ cells, then it makes cancer, inherited.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To determine: The group out of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes in which mutations can be considered the loss-of-function mutations.

Introduction: When the genes of somatic cells are mutated, they are not passed to the next generation. Therefore, cancer is not inherited. When a mutation occurs in germ cells, then it makes cancer, inherited.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 24 - Prob. 1NST Ch. 24 - People with a genetic condition known as...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3NST Ch. 24 - Cancer can arise spontaneously, but it can also be...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1CS Ch. 24 - Prob. 2CS Ch. 24 - If you agree to participate and then learn that...Ch. 24 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2PDQ Ch. 24 - Where are the major regulatory points in the cell...

Solution Summary: The author explains that tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes can be considered gain-of-function mutations.

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