Chapter 22, Problem 37A

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of one alcohol, amine or ether used as antiseptic needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The functional group is the group present on the main carbon chain of an organic compound. It determines the chemical properties and the type of reactions an organic compound can show. The name of the group depends on the atoms present in the group for example an −OH group contains O and H atom thus, it is a hydroxyl group. The different functional groups are named according to IUPAC rule.

Explanation of Solution

Generally, phenol is used as antiseptics. The structure of phenol is as follows:

The functional group present in the compound is −OH group. Which is a hydroxyl group thus, the functional group is alcohol.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of one alcohol, amine or ether used in solvent in paint strippers needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The functional group is the group present on the main carbon chain of an organic compound. It determines the chemical properties and the type of reactions an organic compound can show. The name of the group depends on the atoms present in the group for example an −OH group contains O and H atom thus, it is a hydroxyl group. The different functional groups are named according to IUPAC rule.

Explanation of Solution

The main ingredient used in the solvent in paint strippers is methylene chloride. Ethanol is also used which has −OH functional group thus, the name of one alcohol used in solvent in paint strippers is ethanol.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of one alcohol, amine or ether used in solvent in antifreeze needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The functional group is the group present on the main carbon chain of an organic compound. It determines the chemical properties and the type of reactions an organic compound can show. The name of the group depends on the atoms present in the group for example an −OH group contains O and H atom thus, it is a hydroxyl group. The different functional groups are named according to IUPAC rule.

Explanation of Solution

Antifreeze is used to lower the freezing point of any substance. Generally, to reduce the freezing point of water, ethylene glycol is used.

Thus, it contains two hydroxyl groups and it is an alcohol.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of one alcohol, amine or ether used in solvent in anesthetic needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The functional group is the group present on the main carbon chain of an organic compound. It determines the chemical properties and the type of reactions an organic compound can show. The name of the group depends on the atoms present in the group for example an −OH group contains O and H atom thus, it is a hydroxyl group. The different functional groups are named according to IUPAC rule.

Explanation of Solution

A common anesthetic is diethyl ether. Its structure is represented as follows:

Thus, it is an example of ether.

e.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of one alcohol, amine or ether used in dry production needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The functional group is the group present on the main carbon chain of an organic compound. It determines the chemical properties and the type of reactions an organic compound can show. The name of the group depends on the atoms present in the group for example an −OH group contains O and H atom thus, it is a hydroxyl group. The different functional groups are named according to IUPAC rule.

Explanation of Solution

Ethanol can be used in the method of dry production. It is done by removing the water and other solvent from the given sample.