General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780132931281
Author: Ralph H. Petrucci, F. Geoffrey Herring, Jeffry D. Madura, Carey Bissonnette
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 35E
The conversion of
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Fructose, C6H1206(S), consists of 5 C-C single bonds, 7 C-O bonds, 7 C-H bonds, and 5 O-H bonds with average bond energies of 348 kJ/mol, 360 kJ/mol, 412 kJ/mol, and 463 kJ/mol respectively. The bond energy for C=O is 799 kJ/mol and O=O is 498 kJ/mol. The molar mass of fructose is 180.12 g/mol. Estimate the change in enthalpy if 2.56 g of fructose undergoes complete combustion at standard temperature and pressure.
Hydrazine, N2H4, burns in oxygen as follows:
N2H4 + O2 → N2 + 2H2O
[The bond energies in kJ/mol are: N-H = 388; N-N 163; N≡N 944; O-H 463; O=O 496]
Draw the chemical structures of the reactants and products and
give the formula to calculate enthalpy change in a reaction, ΔH.
The conversion of graphite into diamond is an endothermic reaction
(AH = +3 kJ mol-1).
C(graphite) → C(diamond)
1
The enthalpy change of atomisation of diamond is smaller than that of
graphite.
The bond energy of the C-C bonds in graphite is greater than that in
diamond.
2
The enthalpy change of combustion of diamond is greater than that of
graphite.
3
Which statements are correct?
A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1 only
Chapter 22 Solutions
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Ch. 22 - Give the formula of the stable fluride by Li, Be,...Ch. 22 - Fluorine is able to stabilize element’s in very...Ch. 22 - Prob. 3ECh. 22 - Prob. 4ECh. 22 - Prob. 5ECh. 22 - Prob. 6ECh. 22 - Prob. 7ECh. 22 - Use VSEPR theory to predict the probable geometric...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9ECh. 22 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 22 - Prob. 11ECh. 22 - Prob. 12ECh. 22 - Prob. 13ECh. 22 - Prob. 14ECh. 22 - Make a general prediction about which of the...Ch. 22 - The following properties of astatine have been...Ch. 22 - Prob. 17ECh. 22 - Prob. 18ECh. 22 - Prob. 19ECh. 22 - Prob. 20ECh. 22 - Prob. 21ECh. 22 - Prob. 22ECh. 22 - Prob. 23ECh. 22 - Prob. 24ECh. 22 - Each of the following compounds decomposes to...Ch. 22 - Ozone is a power oxidizing agent. Using ozone as...Ch. 22 - Prob. 27ECh. 22 - Prob. 28ECh. 22 - Prob. 29ECh. 22 - Prob. 30ECh. 22 - Prob. 31ECh. 22 - Prob. 32ECh. 22 - Prob. 33ECh. 22 - In water, O2(aq) is a strong base. If 100.0 mg of...Ch. 22 - The conversion of O2(g) to O2(g) can be...Ch. 22 - Prob. 36ECh. 22 - Prob. 37ECh. 22 - Prob. 38ECh. 22 - Prob. 39ECh. 22 - Prob. 40ECh. 22 - Prob. 41ECh. 22 - Joseph Priestley, e British chemist, was credited...Ch. 22 - Give an appropriate name to each of theb following...Ch. 22 - Prob. 44ECh. 22 - Give a specific example of a chemical equation...Ch. 22 - Prob. 46ECh. 22 - Prob. 47ECh. 22 - Prob. 48ECh. 22 - Prob. 49ECh. 22 - Prob. 50ECh. 22 - Prob. 51ECh. 22 - Prob. 52ECh. 22 - Prob. 53ECh. 22 - Prob. 54ECh. 22 - Prob. 55ECh. 22 - Prob. 56ECh. 22 - Prob. 57ECh. 22 - Prob. 58ECh. 22 - Prob. 59ECh. 22 - One reaction that competes with reaction (22.41),...Ch. 22 - Prob. 61ECh. 22 - Prob. 62ECh. 22 - Draw plausible Lewis structures for a....Ch. 22 - Both nitramide and hyponitrous acid have the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 65ECh. 22 - Prob. 66ECh. 22 - Prob. 67ECh. 22 - Prob. 68ECh. 22 - Prob. 69ECh. 22 - Prob. 70ECh. 22 - Use data from Table 7.2 (page 273) to calculate...Ch. 22 - Prob. 72ECh. 22 - Prob. 73ECh. 22 - Prob. 74ECh. 22 - Prob. 75ECh. 22 - What volume of H2(g) at 25C and 752 mmHg is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 77ECh. 22 - How many grams of CaH2(s) are required to generate...Ch. 22 - Prob. 79ECh. 22 - On the basis of molecular orbital theory, would...Ch. 22 - Prob. 81IAECh. 22 - Prob. 82IAECh. 22 - Prob. 83IAECh. 22 - The photograph was taken after a few drops of a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 85IAECh. 22 - Prob. 86IAECh. 22 - Prob. 87IAECh. 22 - Despite the fact that it has the higher molecular...Ch. 22 - The text mentions that ammonium perchlorate is an...Ch. 22 - Prob. 90IAECh. 22 - Prob. 91IAECh. 22 - Prob. 92IAECh. 22 - Refer to Figure 11-25 to arrange the following...Ch. 22 - Prob. 94IAECh. 22 - Prob. 95IAECh. 22 - Estimate the percent dissociation of CI2(g) into...Ch. 22 - Prob. 97IAECh. 22 - The structure of N(SiH2)2 involves a planar...Ch. 22 - Prob. 99IAECh. 22 - Refer to the Integrative Example on page 1082....Ch. 22 - The bond energies of CIz and 159kJmol1 are 243 and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 102IAECh. 22 - Prob. 103IAECh. 22 - Prob. 104IAECh. 22 - Prob. 105IAECh. 22 - The heavier halogens (CI, Br, and I) form...Ch. 22 - Prob. 107IAECh. 22 - Chemists have successfully synthesized the ionic...Ch. 22 - Prob. 109IAECh. 22 - Various thermochemical cycles are being explored...Ch. 22 - The decomposition of aqueous hydrogen peroxide is...Ch. 22 - Both in this chapter and in Chapter 19, we have...Ch. 22 - Prob. 113FPCh. 22 - The so-called pyroanions, X2O7n+ , form a series...Ch. 22 - A description of bonding in XeF2 based on the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 116FPCh. 22 - Prob. 117SAECh. 22 - Prob. 118SAECh. 22 - Prob. 119SAECh. 22 - Which of the following can oxidize Br to Br2 in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 121SAECh. 22 - Prob. 122SAECh. 22 - Prob. 123SAECh. 22 - Prob. 124SAECh. 22 - Prob. 125SAECh. 22 - Prob. 126SAECh. 22 - Prob. 127SAECh. 22 - Give a practical laboratory method that you might...Ch. 22 - Prob. 129SAECh. 22 - Prob. 130SAECh. 22 - Prob. 131SAECh. 22 - Prob. 132SAECh. 22 - Prob. 133SAECh. 22 - Prob. 134SAECh. 22 - Prob. 135SAE
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- The bond energy for a CH bond is about 413 kJ/mol in CH4 but 380 kJ/mol in CHBr3. Although these values are relatively close in magnitude, they are different. Explain why they are different. Does the fact that the bond energy is lower in CHBr3, make any sense? Why?arrow_forwardGiven the following data: NO2(g) NO(g) + O(g)H = 233 kJ 2O3(g) 3O2(g)H = 427 kJ NO(g) + O3(g) NO2(g) + O2(g)H = 199 kJ Calculate the bond energy for the O2 bond, that is, calculate H for: O2(g) 2O(g)H = ?arrow_forwardUsing the bond dissociation enthalpies in Table 8.8, estimate the enthalpy of combustion of gaseous methane, CH4, to give water vapor and carbon dioxide gas.arrow_forward
- Estimate H for the following reactions using bond energies given in Table 8.5. 3CH2=CH2(g) + 3H2(g) 3CH2CH3(g) The enthalpies of formation for C6H6(g) and C6H12 (g) are 82.9 and 90.3 kJ/mol. respectively. Calculate H for the two reactions using standard enthalpies of formation from Appendix 4. Account for any differences between the results obtained from the two methods.arrow_forwardUse a Born-Haber cycle (Sec. 5-13) to calculate the lattice energy of MgF2 using these thermodynamic data. Compare this lattice energy with that of SrF2, −2496 kJ/mol. Explain the difference in the values in structural terms.arrow_forwardWhen boron hydrides burn in air, the reactions are very exothermic (a) Write a balanced equation for the combustion of B5H9(g) in air to give B2O3(s) and H2O(g). (b) Calculate the enthalpy of combustion for B5H9(g) (fH = 73.2 kJ/mol), and compare it with the enthalpy of combustion of B2H6 (2038 kJ/mol). (The enthalpy of formation of B2O3(s) is 1271.9 kJ/mol.) (c) Compare the enthalpy of combustion of C2H6(g) with that of B2H6(g). Which transfers more energy as heat per gram?arrow_forward
- The reaction of quicklime, CaO, with water produces slaked lime, Ca(OH)2, which is widely used in the construction industry to make mortar and plaster. The reaction of quicklime and water is highly exothermic: CaO(s)+H2O(l)Ca(OH)2(s)H=350kJmol1 (a) What is the enthalpy of reaction per gram of quicklime that reacts?. (b) How much heat, in kilojoules, is associated with the production of 1 ton of slaked lime?arrow_forwardThe molecular structure shown is of one form of glucose, C6H12O6 Glucose can be oxidized to carbon dioxide and water according to the equation C6H12O6(S) + 6 O2(g)6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g) (a) Using the method described in Section 6-6a for estimating enthalpy changes from bond energies, estimate rH for the oxidation of this form of glucose. Make a list of all bonds broken and all bonds formed in this process. (b) Compare your result with the experimental value of 2816 kJ/mol for combustion of glucose. Why might there be a difference between this value and the one you calculated in part (a)?arrow_forwardConsider the reaction 2 S(g) + 3 O2(g) → 2 SO3(g). Using the standard enthalpies of formation listed in Appendix G of your text and the bond energy of 498.4 kJ/mol in molecular oxygen, calculate the average sulfur-oxygen bond energy, in units of kJ/mol, in sulfur trioxide gas. Appendix G is attatchedarrow_forward
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