Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 11PDQ
Maternal blood tests for three pregnant women revealed they would be having boys, yet subsequent ultrasound images showed all three were pregnant with girls. In each case Y chromosome sequences in each mother’s blood originated from transplanted organs they had received from men! This demonstrates one dramatic example of a limitation of genetic analysis of maternal blood samples. What kind of information could have been collected from each mother in advance of these tests to better inform physicians prior to performing each test?
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Imagine that you are in your late 30s or early 40s and decide that you want a child.
You realize that you’re at greater risk of having a child with Down’s Syndrome.
What sorts of genetic screening are available today? If you find out that this child has
this condition, do you think it’s appropriate to have an abortion? Why or why not?
Question: Does elective abortion of fetuses with physical or other developmental disabilities
have an effect on the perception of personhood, dignity, and rights in society?
Explain.
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be performed early in gestation (8-10 wks). The recommended method of CVS is to sert
a probe with a needle on the end through the cervix and remove a small sample of e
chorionic villi to be analyzed.
Which description is a correct description of chorionic
villi?
Select one:
They are found in the digestive tract of the fetus.
They are developed from the endometrium.
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from cells of the fetus.
They form part of the placenta.
There has been a colossal snafu in the maternity ward of your local hospital. four sets of male twins, born within an hour of each other, were inadvertently shuffled in the excitement occasioned by that unlikely event. you have been called in to set things straight. as a first step, you would like to match each baby with his twin. (many newborns look alike so you don’t want to rely on appearance alone.) to that end you analyze a small blood sample from each infant using a hybridization probe that detects short tandem repeats (STRs) located in widely scattered regions of the genome. the results are shown in Figure Q10–15.a. Which infants are twins? Which are identical twins?b. How could you match a pair of twins to the correct parents?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 22 - In order to vaccinate people against diseases by...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2NSTCh. 22 - Prob. 1CSCh. 22 - Prob. 2CSCh. 22 - Prob. 3CSCh. 22 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2PDQCh. 22 - Why are most recombinant human proteins produced...Ch. 22 - One of the major causes of sickness, death, and...Ch. 22 - Sequencing the human genome, the development of...
Ch. 22 - Prob. 6PDQCh. 22 - As genetic testing becomes widespread, medical...Ch. 22 - Prob. 8PDQCh. 22 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 22 - Does genetic analysis by ASO testing allow for...Ch. 22 - Maternal blood tests for three pregnant women...Ch. 22 - What is the main purpose of genome-wide...Ch. 22 - Describe how the team from the J. Craig Venter...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 22 - Prob. 15PDQCh. 22 - Dominant mutations can be categorized according to...Ch. 22 - In 2013 the actress Angelina Jolie elected to have...Ch. 22 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 22 - Should the FDA regulate direct-to-consumer genetic...Ch. 22 - Prob. 20ESPCh. 22 - Following the tragic shooting of 20 children at a...Ch. 22 - Private companies are offering personal DNA...Ch. 22 - Prob. 23ESPCh. 22 - Prob. 24ESPCh. 22 - Prob. 25ESPCh. 22 - Craig Venter and others have constructed synthetic...
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- A 43-year-old (gravida 2, para 2) pregnant woman requests chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and a karyotype of her fetus because of concerns about Down syndrome. Chorionic villus cells reveal the following karyotype: 2 3 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 %3D 19 20 21 22 X X Y With this karyotype from CVS, discussion of the results with a genetic counselor would include which one of the following? a. Normal child b. Male with mild to moderate learning problems and infertility c. Female with mild to moderate learning problems and delayed puberty d. Generally normal male, however some degree of short stature and precocious puberty e. Generally normal female, however some degree of short stature and infertilityarrow_forwardJan is concerned about using ART. She wants to be the genetic mother and have Darryl be the genetic father of any children they have. What methods of ART would you recommend to this couple? Jan, a 32-year-old woman, and her husband, Darryl, have been married for 7 years. They have attempted to have a baby on several occasions. Five years ago, they had a first-trimester miscarriage, followed by an ectopic pregnancy later the same year. Jan continued to see her OB/GYN physician for infertility problems but was very dissatisfied with the response. After four miscarriages, she went to see a fertility specialist, who diagnosed her with severe endometriosis and polycystic ovarian disease (detected by hormone studies). The infertility physician explained that these two conditions were hampering her ability to become pregnant and thus making her infertile. She referred Jan to a genetic counselor. At the appointment, the counselor explained to Jan that one form of endometriosis (MIM 131200) can be a genetic disorder, and that polycystic ovarian disease can also be a genetic disorder (MIM 184700) and is one of the most common reproductive disorders among women. The counselor recommended that a detailed family history of both Jan and Darryl would help establish whether Jans problems have a genetic component and whether any of her potential daughters would be at risk for one or both of these disorders. In the meantime, Jan is taking hormones, and she and Darryl are considering alternative modes of reproduction. Using the information in Figure 16.4, explain the reproductive options that are open to Jan and Darryl.arrow_forwardIn a paternity suit, a woman with type O blood claims that a man with type AB blood is the father of her type O baby. List the genetypes of the mom, man, and baby. Can the woman prove he is the father or can he is not? Why or why not? If the accused man was type A insyead of type AB, what would be his possible genotypes? Could the woman prove he is the father? Can the man prove he is not the father? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- A couple contemplating a pregnancy are in today for an appointment at a genetic counselling clinic to identify and interpret their risk of an inherited disorder. The nurse explains during teaching that all the following are characteristic features of fragile X chromosome of a 3-year-old male child EXCEPT: a. Macroorchidism b. Autistic behavior c. Intellectual disability d. Characteristic facial features e. Hyperextensible finger jointsarrow_forwardThe woman in Problem 24 has had two miscarriages. She has come to you, an established genetic counselor, with these questions: Is there a genetic explanation of her frequent miscarriages? Should she abandon her attempts to have a child of her own? If not, what is the chance that she could have a normal child? Provide an informed response to her concerns.arrow_forwardd) Figure 10 shows DNA fingerprinting method carried out to detect the rightful father of a child. Children Father 1 Father 2 Father 3 10.000bp 1,000 bp Figure 10 i) Who would most likely be the father of this child? State your reason. . ......... ..... . . ... .. .. ....... . . ..... ....... ...... ......... ..................... ... ... ...... ...... ... ... ............... ... ...... ... ...... ... ... ...arrow_forward
- Pedro and Karli have a baby girl Ella by in vitro fertilization. Ella does not resemble either one of her parents, so they suspect that the clinic made a mistake during the procedure and implanted the wrong embryo. At Ella’s first well-baby checkup they insist that she get her blood typed. Baby Ella is type A-positive. Pedro is A-negative and Karli is O-positive. Given this information answer the following questions. (d) Is it possible that Ella is Pedro and Karli’s daughter? (e) Explain your answer in (d). (f) If baby Ella needed a blood transfusion, could either of his parents serve as a blood donor? ______ If so, which one? ______________________________ (g) Explain your answer in (f). ________________________________________ _______________________________________arrow_forwardThe picture below represents a G1 cell from a newly discovered species that uses the X/Y sex determination system. Alleles for the different autosomal genes of interest are indicated on the chromosomes, and genes R and T are 16 cM apart. Red lines show maternal chromosomes, and blue lines show paternal chromosomes. Answer the following questions about this individual.d) Provide the genotype of the fertilizing male gamete that produced this individual. e) This individual can produce a pool of different gametes. List any TWO potential gametes that will occur at different frequencies. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets, and indicate the expected frequency (up to two decimals) at which that gamete would occur.arrow_forwardPedro and Karli have a baby girl Ella by in vitro fertilization. Ella does not resemble either one of her parents, so they suspect that the clinic made a mistake during the procedure and implanted the wrong embryo. At Ella’s first well-baby checkup they insist that she get her blood typed. Baby Ella is type A-positive. Pedro is A-negative and Karli is O-positive. Given this information answer the following questions. (a) What are Ella’s possible genotypes? (b) What are Pedro’s possible genotypes? (c) What are Karli’s possible genotypes? (d) Is it possible that Ella is Pedro and Karli’s daughter? (e) Explain your answer in (d). (f) If baby Ella needed a blood transfusion, could either of his parents serve as a blood donor? ______ If so, which one? ______________________________ (g) Explain your answer in (f). ________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Kara is B-positive and her father has A-negative blood. Kara marries Ryan,…arrow_forward
- Why does a single X chromosome cause infertility and other abnormalities in Turner Syndrome subjects?arrow_forwardWhich of the following genotype(s) must a female child have in order to be color blind? XNXN XNXn XnXn XNY XnY (XN represents the normal color vision allele. Xn represents the color-blindness allele. Y represents the Y chromosome, which does not carry the color-vision gene.) Which of the following genotype(s) must a color-blind male have? Explain your rationale. XNXN XNXn XnXn XNY XnY (XN represents the normal color vision allele. Xn represents the color-blindness allele. Y represents the Y chromosome, which does not carry the color-vision gene.)arrow_forwardA researcher who has pioneered cell-free fetal DNA testing to detect trisomies has received threats from people accusing her of killing babies. She counters that the test will save lives. How can cell-free fetal DNA testing save lives? What impact do you think the wider availability of early, safe, and accurate testing for trisomy 21 Down syndrome will have on society? Discuss views that might come from a pregnant woman and her partner, a parent of an adult child with Down syndrome, and a physician who offers prenatal testing.arrow_forward
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