Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134293936
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 107E
Interpretation Introduction
To determine:
The monochlorination product ratio and reactivity ratio of given propane.
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2NO(g) → N202(g)
2H2(g) → 4H(g)
N2O2(g) + H(g) → N20(g) + HO(g
HO(g) + H(g) → H2O(g)
H(g) + N20(g) → HO(g) + N2(g)
Intermediate species are N2O2 and N;0
True
O False
Consider the following changes:a.N2 (g) → N2 (l)b.CO (g) + H2O (g) → H2 (g) + CO2 (g)c.Ca3P2 (s) + 6H2O (l) → 3Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2PH3 (g)d.2CH3OH (l) + 3O2 (g) → 2CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l)e. I2 (s) → I2 (g)At constant temperature and pressure, in which of these changes is work done by the system on the surroundings? By the surroundings on the system? In which of them is no work done?
Combustion requires three primary components: fuel, energy, and an oxidizer. The fuel is the organic starting material and once the activation energy is achieved, large amounts of energy are rapidly released fragmenting reactants into individual atoms. The components quickly rearrange into smaller and more stable molecules. Oxygen serves as an oxidizer, due to its electronegativity, accepting electrons and forming products including water and carbon dioxide.
Nitroguanidine (CH4N4O2) is used in select fertilizers and more commonly as a component to propel munitions. Suppose a field artillery soldier was calculating how much nitroguanidine was needed to propel a round. The soldier would need to consider the desired volume of gas to displace along the gun tube and the ambient operating conditions.
a. Predict the reaction products for the detonation of 1 mole of nitroguanidine.
b. Calculate the amount of explosive needed (in pounds) to produce 1500.0 liters of gas at standard temperature…
Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1ECh. 21 - Prob. 2ECh. 21 - Prob. 3ECh. 21 - Prob. 4ECh. 21 - Prob. 5ECh. 21 - Prob. 6ECh. 21 - Prob. 7ECh. 21 - What are the main classifications of hydrocarbons?...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9ECh. 21 - What are structural isomers? How do the properties...
Ch. 21 - Prob. 11ECh. 21 - Define each term related to optical isomerism:...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13ECh. 21 - Prob. 14ECh. 21 - Explain geometric isomerism in alkenes. How do the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16ECh. 21 - Prob. 17ECh. 21 - Prob. 18ECh. 21 - Prob. 19ECh. 21 - Prob. 20ECh. 21 - Prob. 21ECh. 21 - Prob. 22ECh. 21 - Prob. 23ECh. 21 - Prob. 24ECh. 21 - Prob. 25ECh. 21 - Prob. 26ECh. 21 - Prob. 27ECh. 21 - Prob. 28ECh. 21 - Prob. 29ECh. 21 - Prob. 30ECh. 21 - Prob. 31ECh. 21 - Prob. 32ECh. 21 - Prob. 33ECh. 21 - Prob. 34ECh. 21 - Prob. 35ECh. 21 - Prob. 36ECh. 21 - Prob. 37ECh. 21 - Prob. 38ECh. 21 - Prob. 39ECh. 21 - Prob. 40ECh. 21 - Name each alkane.Ch. 21 - Prob. 42ECh. 21 - Prob. 43ECh. 21 - Draw a structure for each alkane. a....Ch. 21 - Prob. 45ECh. 21 - Complete and balance each hydrocarbon combustion...Ch. 21 - Prob. 47ECh. 21 - Prob. 48ECh. 21 - Prob. 49ECh. 21 - Prob. 50ECh. 21 - Name each alkene.Ch. 21 - Prob. 52ECh. 21 - Prob. 53ECh. 21 - Name each alkyne.Ch. 21 - Draw the correct structure for each compound. a....Ch. 21 - Prob. 56ECh. 21 - Prob. 57ECh. 21 - Prob. 58ECh. 21 - Prob. 59ECh. 21 - Prob. 60ECh. 21 - Prob. 61ECh. 21 - Prob. 62ECh. 21 - Prob. 63ECh. 21 - Prob. 64ECh. 21 - Prob. 65ECh. 21 - Prob. 66ECh. 21 - Prob. 67ECh. 21 - Prob. 68ECh. 21 - Prob. 69ECh. 21 - Prob. 70ECh. 21 - Prob. 71ECh. 21 - Prob. 72ECh. 21 - Prob. 73ECh. 21 - Prob. 74ECh. 21 - Prob. 75ECh. 21 - Prob. 76ECh. 21 - Prob. 77ECh. 21 - Prob. 78ECh. 21 - Prob. 79ECh. 21 - Prob. 80ECh. 21 - Prob. 81ECh. 21 - Prob. 82ECh. 21 - Prob. 83ECh. 21 - Prob. 84ECh. 21 - Prob. 85ECh. 21 - Prob. 86ECh. 21 - Prob. 87ECh. 21 - Prob. 88ECh. 21 - Identify each organic compound as an alkane,...Ch. 21 - Identify each organic compound as an alkane,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 91ECh. 21 - Prob. 92ECh. 21 - Prob. 93ECh. 21 - Determine whether each pair of structures are...Ch. 21 - Prob. 95ECh. 21 - Prob. 96ECh. 21 - Classify each organic reaction as combustion,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 98ECh. 21 - Prob. 99ECh. 21 - Prob. 100ECh. 21 - Prob. 101ECh. 21 - Prob. 102ECh. 21 - Prob. 103ECh. 21 - Prob. 104ECh. 21 - Prob. 105ECh. 21 - Prob. 106ECh. 21 - Prob. 107ECh. 21 - Prob. 108ECh. 21 - Prob. 109ECh. 21 - Prob. 110ECh. 21 - Prob. 111ECh. 21 - Prob. 112ECh. 21 - Prob. 113ECh. 21 - Prob. 114ECh. 21 - Draw the structure and name a compound with the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 116ECh. 21 - Prob. 117ECh. 21 - Prob. 118ECh. 21 - Prob. 119ECh. 21 - Prob. 120ECh. 21 - Prob. 121ECh. 21 - Prob. 1SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 2SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 3SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 21 - Prob. 10SAQ
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- 3. Using this data, calculate a value for Kc for the reaction, A. 2.06 x 104 B. 4.84 x 10-3 C. 0.223 D. 4.49 E. 20.2 2 NO(g) + Cl₂(g) 2. NOCI(g) Kc = 3.20 x 10-³ 2 NO2(g) 2 NO(g) + O₂(g) Kc = 15.5 4. Using the data, NOCI(g) + 1/2O2(g) NO2(g) + ½ Cl₂(g) 3 A (g) + 4 B (g) A3B4 (g) calculate a value for Kc for the reaction, 3 A (g) + 4 B -A3B4 (g) 2 AB (g) + AB2 (g) (g) Kc = 25 Kc = 3.75 2 AB (g) + AB2 (g)arrow_forwardMg (s) + ½O2 (g) → MgO (s) (1)This equation can be obtained by combining equations (2), (3) and (4) below:MgO (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) (2)Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) (3)H2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) → H2O (l) (4) Combine equations (2), (3) and (4) to obtain equation (1).arrow_forwardSuppose a pair of chemical compounds A and B can react in two different ways: A+B → C Reaction 1 gives product C. A+B → D Reaction 2 gives product D. The following facts are known about the two reactions: ● Reaction 1 is endothermic and Reaction 2 is exothermic. • If a reaction vessel is charged ("filled") with A and B, then at first C is produced faster than D. Use these facts to sketch a qualitative reaction energy diagram for both reactions. Note: because these sketches are only qualitative, the energies don't have to be exact. They only have to have the right relationship to each other. For exam if one energy is less than another, that fact should be clear in your sketch. Reaction 1 Reaction 2 energy energy reaction coordinate A + B A + B reaction coordinate Darrow_forward
- 3. Based on the reactions: 1. 2H,S) + 302 (g)→2SO2 (g) + 2H;O AH1 =- 1035.94 kJ 2. 2SO3 (2) →2S02 (2) + O2 (g) AH2 =+197.78 kJ 3. 2H,Sg) + O2 (g)→2S¾) + 2H;O[g) AH3 = +110.02 kJ Use Hess's law to calculate H for: 2S(5) + 302 (2)→2SO3 (g)arrow_forward2. Write the name(s) of the product(s) for the following reactions. If no reaction can occur, write "no reaction" and briefly explain why. *** The catalyst for the 4th reaction is H+ CH3 H₂SO4 180C OH OH CH, CCH, CH, CH3 [H] KMnO₂arrow_forwardGive one possibility for the mystery reactant R in this organic reaction: Pd R + H2 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 Specifically, in the drawing area below draw the condensed structure of what R might be. There may be more than one correct answer. Note: keep in mind that the equation above states R and H2 are present in a 1:1 mole ratio. No reaction. Click anywhere to draw the first atom of your structure. ☑ G ☐ : ☐ टेarrow_forward
- 5. The AH⁰ for the reaction (Na2O(s) + SO3(g) → Na2SO4(g)) equal to: Na(s) + H₂O() → NaOH(s) + 1/2 H2(g) Na2SO4(s) + H₂O(l) → 2NaOH(s) + SO3(g) 2Na2O(s) + 2H2(g) → 4Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) AH° = -146 kJ AH° = +418 kJ AH° = +259 kJ A. -581 kJ B. -435 kJ C.+531 kJ D. 109 kJ 6. The amount of absorbed heat in the complete reaction of 15.0 grams of SiO₂ with excess carbon in the reaction below? AH° for the reaction is +624.7 kJ: SIO2 (s) + 3C(s) → SIC(s) + 2CO(g) C. 31.2 KJ A. 5.06 kJ B.156.2 KJ D. 366 kJ 7. Helium is collected over water at 25°C and 1.0 atm total pressure. What total volume of gas must be collected to obtain 4.08 g of helium? (At 25°C the vapor pressure of water is 380 torr.)? A. 5 x 104 mL B. 33.4 L C. 50 L D. (A and C) are truearrow_forwardWhich statement best describes the energy change for the reaction associated with this energy diagram? products reactants Reaction Progress O This is an exothermic reaction with AH 0 This is an endothermic reaction with AH > 0 O This is an exothermic reaction with AH > 0 This is an endothermic reaction with AH < 0 Energyarrow_forwardHeptane, C7H16, can be catalytically reformed to make toluene, C6H5CH3, another seven-carbon molecule. How many hydrogen molecules are produced for every toluene molecule derived from heptane? Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. Why is it profitable to convert heptane into toluene?arrow_forward
- Complete and balance the following combustion reactions. Assume that each hydrocarbon is converted completely to carbon dioxide and water. (a) Propane + O2 (b) Octane + O2 (c) Cyclohexane + O2 (d) 2-Methylpentane + O2arrow_forward1. Using two or more of the following. N.(g) + 10,(g) → N.O.(s); AH = 83.7 kJ N.(g) + O(g) → 2NO(g): AH 180.4 kJ IN.(g) + O.(g) → NO.(g): AH = 33.2 KJ IN.(g) + H₂(g) → NH,(g); AH = -45.9 kJ determine AH" for the following reaction. NO(g) + NO₂(g) → N₂O(g)arrow_forwardDetermine the ion pairs for each reactant followed by the new ion pairs for the products. Enter a separate ion (with chemical symbol/formula and charge) into each blank in this order:Li2SO3 (aq) + HNO3 (aq)arrow_forward
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