Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 20.4, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To determine: The flower pattern that is expected if the B gene was expressed in whorls 2, 3 and 4.
Introduction: Homeotic genes are those genes which regulate the organ development process. Pattern formation of plants during the embryonic development is regulated by the expression of the gene product of several homeotic genes. Mutations in the homeotic genes of plants may lead to alterations in the morphological structures of plants.
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Can you clearly type the answers to the all the parts to this question please
a) What is the role of the LEAFY gene in floral development?
(b) What is the phenotype of the leafy mutant?
(c) Most of the ABC program genes are directly regulated by the transcription factor LEAFY (LFY). Still, LFY is expressed broadly throughout the floral meristem when the discrete A, B, and C domains are established. Discuss how this single broadly expressed transcription factor can generate distinct domains of ABC gene expression. Feel free to use diagrams.
3.2. From an anatomical point of view, plants undergo cell differentiation. Zinnia
elegans is an excellent example of trans-differentiation. This species is used in
BT2601
M.
many experimental systems that study plant development. Discuss various types
of mature cells and tissues that plants undergo during differentiation processes.
Question:-
Explain how CO,-in dependence of light –regulates the transition to flowering. Include these transcription factors in your explanation: AP1, SOC1, CO, FT, LFY, FD.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 20.1 - 20.1 General Themes in Development Concept Check:...Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 20.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 20.2 - Development in Animals I: Pattern Formation...Ch. 20.2 - Development in Animals I: Pattern Formation...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 20.2 - Core Skill: Modeling The goal of this modeling...Ch. 20.2 - Development in Animals I: Pattern Formation Core...Ch. 20.3 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 20.3 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...
Ch. 20.3 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 20.3 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 20.3 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 20.4 - Development in Plants Concept Check: Where are...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 20 - The process whereby a cells morphology and...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2TYCh. 20 - Positional information is important in determining...Ch. 20 - Morphogens are a. molecules that disrupt normal...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5TYCh. 20 - Arrange the following phases of pattern formation...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7TYCh. 20 - Which of the following genes do not play a role in...Ch. 20 - An embryonic stem cell that can give rise to any...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10TYCh. 20 - Prob. 1CQCh. 20 - The MyoD gene in mammals plays a role in muscle...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3CQCh. 20 - Prob. 1COQCh. 20 - Is it possible for a phenotypically normal female...
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- Suppose a flower had normal expression of genes A and Cand expression of gene B in all four whorls. Based on the ABChypothesis, what would be the structure of that flower, startingat the outermost whorl?(A) carpel-petal-petal-carpel(B) petal-petal-stamen-stamen(C) sepal-carpel-carpel-sepal(D) sepal-sepal-carpel-carpelarrow_forwardQuestion:- What would be the effect on flowering time of over-expressing VIN3 (i.e., 35S:VIN3) in a winter annual Arabidopsis plant grown adjacent to a summer annual wild type plant in long days under warm conditions? Assume that the plants germinate at the same time. In answering the question, describe the molecular mechanism that allows you to make this conclusion.arrow_forwardCan you solve all the parts to this question please a) What is the role of the LEAFY gene in floral development? (b) What is the phenotype of the leafy mutant? (c) Most of the ABC program genes are directly regulated by the transcription factor LEAFY (LFY). Still, LFY is expressed broadly throughout the floral meristem when the discrete A, B, and C domains are established. Discuss how this single broadly expressed transcription factor can generate distinct domains of ABC gene expression. Feel free to use diagrams.arrow_forward
- (a) What is the mutant that helps us to understand the adaxial identity of leaf development and the laminar outgrowth? (b) What is the mutant phenotype? (c) Which kind of protein does this gene encode?arrow_forwardAs shown two types of buds. What are the two types and how do they differ?arrow_forwardThe ABCDE Model of flower development dictates the combination of transcription factors require to initiate each whorl of a flower. Based on the diagram below, what would happen if: Carpels and ovules Sepal Petal Stamen 2 4 Whorl A Genes E 25-40 The ABCDE model of floral organ determination in Arabidopsis In addition to the A-, B-, and C-function genes of the ABC model, this model includes two additional gene classes, D and E. In the ABCDE model, class A + E genes specify sepals; class A + B + E, petals; class B +C +E, stamens; class C + E, carpels; and class C+ D + E, ovules. 1. Gene D was non-functional: 2. Gene E was non-functional: 3. Only Gene A was functional: 4. Gene B and E were non-functional: 5. Only Gene A and Gene E were functional: Hint: If Gene A was non-functional the flower would have no sepals or petals, it would be composed of only stamens and carpels.arrow_forward
- Q6. The bacterium Rhizobium radiobacter is well known to biologists because it has the rather astonishing ability to cause natural genetic engineering. That is, several genes are moved from the bacterial cells directly into the nucleus of cells of many higher plant species. Expression of these transferred genes in the infected plants stimulates cell division, creating a mass of undifferentiated tissue. Which of the following signals on these transferred genes could be recognized in the plant host cell but not in the original Rhizobium cell? “TATA” box transcription terminator hairpin loop intron splice signals SD box A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4arrow_forwardWhat are homeotic genes? Please exaplain ow they control the sequence of whorl development in flowers according to the ABCDE model.arrow_forwardWhat will be the flower structure of a plant in which expression of the following genes is inhibited in the specified whorls? Q. Expression of class A genes is inhibited in the second whorl, but not in the first whorl.arrow_forward
- . MAKE CONNECTIONS What type of feedback processis exemplified by the production of ethylene during fruitripening? Explain. (See Figure 1.10.)arrow_forwardA. Cyclin Expression Cycle 1. What are the two factors involve in the illustration Cyclin Expression Cycle? 2. Identify the cyclin fluctuation in every stage of the cell cycle. 3. What do you think is the role of cyclin fluctuation at a given stage of a cell cycle? Concentration G₁ cyclin G₁ Phase Cyclin Expression Cycle G₁/S cyclin S Phase S cyclin M cyclin G2 Phase M Phasearrow_forwardPredict the phenotype of a flower in whichAPETALA-2 (activity A) and AGAMOUS (activity C) are expressednormally, but APETALA-3 and PISTILLATA (activity B) areexpressed in all four whorls.arrow_forward
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