Chapter 20.2, Problem 11R

To determine

Temperature needed for nuclear fusion and nuclear fission is to be explained.

Answer to Problem 11R

High temperature is required for nuclear fusion. and low for nuclear fission.

Explanation of Solution

For nuclear fusion:

In nuclear fusion high temperature is required this is because nucleus needs high speed to move. The high temperature gives the enough energy to the hydrogen atoms to overcome the electrical repulsion between two protons. At this temperature, hydrogen is at the plasma state not a gas state. In the plasma state all electrons are stripped from atoms and move freely.

For nuclear fission:

Fission is used in nuclear power reactor since it can be controlled. Temperature can also be controlled during fission process.

Conclusion:

Temperature in fission can be controlled but in fusion it cannot be controlled.