Chapter 20, Problem 22R

To determine

The alpha particle and beta particle are to be compared and contrasted.

Answer to Problem 22R

Alpha particles have two-unit positive charge and has a mass that is equivalent to four times of a proton.

Beta particles are very fast-moving electrons and carry unit negative charge.

Explanation of Solution

Compare:

(a) Both alpha particles and beta particles are emitted during radioactive decay.

(b) Alpha particles and beta particles are deflected in electric and magnetic fields.

(c)Alpha particles and beta particles, ionize the gases through which they pass.

Contrast:

(a) Alpha particles are positive charge particles; Beta particles are negative charge electron.

(b) Penetrating power of alpha particles is weak. Beta particles have penetrating power 100 times to that of alpha particles.

(c) Alpha particles have velocity one tenth to that of light. Beta particles have velocity approximately equal to the speed of light.

Conclusion:

Alpha and beta particles are radioactive substances. which are emitted as rays during radioactivity.