Chapter 20, Problem 62A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The systematic name of the given substituted alkane needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction: Alkanes are the saturated hydrocarbons which are mainly composed of C and H atoms. The carbon atoms are bonded in straight chain or branched chain. Alkyl halides are the halogens derivatives of alkanes. They have certain heteroatoms as Cl, I, Br or F along with C and H atoms.

The IUPAC rules are purposed to names different alkanes and alkyl halides.

Answer to Problem 62A

2-bromobutane

  

Explanation of Solution

According to IUPAC rule:

• Root word will be determined on the basis of number of C atoms in the longest chain.
• The primary suffix must be determined on the basis of covalent bonds between carbon atoms of the parent chain. They can be −ane, -ene and −yne.
• The secondary suffix indicates the presence of functional group in the molecule.
• The prefix in the IUPAC name indicates the presence of side chain or certain groups like halogens.

Thus, in the given alkane, the name of compound must be 2-bromobutaneas the longest chain contains 4 C atoms with all single covalent bonds. There is one Br group bonded at C-2 position.

  

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The systematic name of the given substituted alkane needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction: Alkanes are the saturated hydrocarbons which are mainly composed of C and H atoms. The carbon atoms are bonded in straight chain or branched chain. Alkyl halides are the halogens derivatives of alkanes. They have certain heteroatoms as Cl, I, Br or F along with C and H atoms.

The IUPAC rules are purposed to names different alkanes and alkyl halides.

Answer to Problem 62A

1,2-dibromoethane

  

Explanation of Solution

According to IUPAC rule:

• Root word will be determined on the basis of number of C atoms in the longest chain.
• The primary suffix must be determined on the basis of covalent bonds between carbon atoms of the parent chain. They can be −ane, -ene and −yne.
• The secondary suffix indicates the presence of functional group in the molecule.
• The prefix in the IUPAC name indicates the presence of side chain or certain groups like halogens.

Thus in the given alkane, the name of compound must be 1,2-dibromoethane as the longest chain contains 2 C atoms with all single covalent bond and there are two Br groups at C-1 and C-2 positions.

  

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The systematic name of the given substituted alkane needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction: Alkanes are the saturated hydrocarbons which are mainly composed of C and H atoms. The carbon atoms are bonded in straight chain or branched chain. Alkyl halides are the halogens derivatives of alkanes. They have certain heteroatoms as Cl, I, Br or F along with C and H atoms.

The IUPAC rules are purposed to names different alkanes and alkyl halides.

Answer to Problem 62A

Triiodomethane

  

Explanation of Solution

According to IUPAC rule:

• Root word will be determined on the basis of number of C atoms in the longest chain.
• The primary suffix must be determined on the basis of covalent bonds between carbon atoms of the parent chain. They can be −ane, -ene and −yne.
• The secondary suffix indicates the presence of functional group in the molecule.
• The prefix in the IUPAC name indicates the presence of side chain or certain groups like halogens.

Thus in the given alkane, the name of compound must be triiodomethane as the longest chain contains 1 C atom with 3I groups on same C atom.

  

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The systematic name of the given substituted alkane needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction: Alkanes are the saturated hydrocarbons which are mainly composed of C and H atoms. The carbon atoms are bonded in straight chain or branched chain. Alkyl halides are the halogens derivatives of alkanes. They have certain heteroatoms as Cl, I, Br or F along with C and H atoms.

The IUPAC rules are purposed to names different alkanes and alkyl halides.

Answer to Problem 62A

2,3,4-tribromohexane

  

Explanation of Solution

According to IUPAC rule:

• Root word will be determined on the basis of number of C atoms in the longest chain.
• The primary suffix must be determined on the basis of covalent bonds between carbon atoms of the parent chain. They can be −ane, -ene and −yne.
• The secondary suffix indicates the presence of functional group in the molecule.
• The prefix in the IUPAC name indicates the presence of side chain or certain groups like halogens.

Thus in the given alkane, the name of compound must be 2,3,4-tribromohexane as the longest chain contains 6 C atom with 3 Br groups at C-2,3,and C-4 atoms.

  

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The systematic name of the given substitute alkane needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction: Alkanes are the saturated hydrocarbons which are mainly composed of C and H atoms. The carbon atoms are bonded in straight chain or branched chain. Alkyl halides are the halogens derivatives of alkanes. They have certain heteroatoms as Cl, I, Br or F along with C and H atoms.

The IUPAC rules are purposed to names different alkanes and alkyl halides.

Answer to Problem 62A

2,2-dichloro-4-isopropylheptane

  

Explanation of Solution

According to IUPAC rule:

• Root word will be determined on the basis of number of C atoms in the longest chain.
• The primary suffix must be determined on the basis of covalent bonds between carbon atoms of the parent chain. They can be −ane, -ene and −yne.
• The secondary suffix indicates the presence of functional group in the molecule.
• The prefix in the IUPAC name indicates the presence of side chain or certain groups like halogens.

Thus in the given alkane, the name of compound must be 2,2-dichloro-4-isopropylheptaneas the longest chain contains 7 C atom with 2Cl groups at C-2 and one isopropyl group at C-4.