Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 23PDQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The description of chromosomes fixed at the metaphase stage.
Introduction:
The genetic material or the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of all the eukaryotes is packed in the nucleus in the form of threads. These threads are called the chromosomes. The packing of the DNA is done with the help of some histone proteins to accommodate the long DNA in a tiny cell. Chromosomes occur in pairs in all cells, except in gametes. The number of chromosomes in different species varies. Twelve chromosomes fixed on a slide at the metaphase stage out of which two are small. The other chromosomes apart from these are similar looking with respect to the position of the centromere and their length.
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View this video. List at least eight (8) different processes that affect the structure of the chromosomes. Explain in a sentence how each process happens.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_p14l8gPhk
Your class has been studying cell division in a number of organisms with different chromosome numbers. Unfortunately, the slides showing the different stages of mitosis and meiosis got mixed up, and some of them got lost. The figures below show the 12 slides that you have managed to find. The organism that you have been studying has a 2n number of 8 with one pair of large metacentric chromosomes, one pair of small metacentric chromosomes, one pair of acrocentric chromosomes and one pair of telocentric chromosomes.
a. Do any of the recovered slides below show the stages of cell division indicated in the table in the answer sheet? If so, please write only the slide number in the correct place in the table on your answer sheet.
A prairie grass species called "little bluestem" is tetraploid. It has four complete sets of chromosomes. There are ten kinds of chromosomes; in other words, each complete set of chromosomes has a total of 10 chromosomes. A single somatic cell (e.g., a cell in a leaf) will have 40 chromosomes, 4 of each kind of chromsome, i.e., 4 of the number 1 chromsome, 4 of the number 2 chromsome, etc. The illustration below shows prophase of meiosis 1 in chromosome number 10. In a diploid cell, there would be one tetrad (group of 4 chromatids) for each kind of chromosome. For example, there would be one tetrad for chromosome 8, one for chromsome 9, etc. When the tetraploid little bluestem undergoes meiosis, how many of chromosome number 10 will each sperm cell carry?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 2 - CASE STUDY | Timing is everything A man in his...Ch. 2 - CASE STUDY | Timing is everything A man in his...Ch. 2 - CASE STUDY | Timing is everything A man in his...Ch. 2 -
HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter, we focused...Ch. 2 -
2. Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 12....Ch. 2 - What role do the following cellular components...Ch. 2 -
4. Discuss the concepts of homologous...Ch. 2 - If two chromosomes of a species are the same...Ch. 2 - Describe the events that characterize each stage...Ch. 2 - How are chromosomes named on the basis of their...
Ch. 2 - Prob. 8PDQCh. 2 -
9. Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the...Ch. 2 - Define and discuss these terms: (a) synapsis, (b)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11PDQCh. 2 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 2 - Contrast spermatogenesis and oogenesis. What is...Ch. 2 -
14. Explain why meiosis leads to significant...Ch. 2 -
15. A diploid cell contains three pairs of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 2 -
17. During oogenesis in an animal species with a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 2 -
19. During the first meiotic prophase, (a) when...Ch. 2 -
20. Describe the role of meiosis in the life...Ch. 2 - Prob. 21PDQCh. 2 - Prob. 22PDQCh. 2 - Prob. 23PDQCh. 2 -
24. If one follows 50 primary oocytes in an...Ch. 2 -
25. The nuclear DNA content of a single sperm...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 -
For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...Ch. 2 - For Problems 26–31, consider a diploid cell that...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
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- The organism you are working with has the following chromosomes. Place the chromosomes of this organism onto the cell below such that the diagram accurately shows a primary meiocyte from this organism in metaphase I of meiosis. Note 1: Only place chromosomes you need. You don't need them all. Note 2: You can place the "Blank Box' image if you don't think you need a chromosome at a particular position. Dashed line - the metaphase plate 1.arrow_forwardpuey drganlsm yo are working with has the following chromosomes. Place the chromosomes of this organism onto the cell below such that the diagram accurately shows a cell from this organism in metaphase of mitosis. Note 1: Only place chromosomes you need. You don't need them all. Note 2: You can place the 'Blank Box' image if you don't think you need a chromosome at a particular position. Dashed line - the metaphase plate 1.arrow_forwardVariations in Chromosome NumberAneuploidy Describe the process of nondisjunction and explain when it takes place during cell division.arrow_forward
- In an electrophoretic gel across which is applied a powerful electrical alternating pulsed field, the DNA of the haploid fungus Neurospora crassa (n = 7) moves slowly but eventually forms seven bands, which represent DNA fractions that are of different sizes and hence have moved at different speeds. These bands are presumed to be the seven chromosomes. How would you show which band corresponds to which chromosome?arrow_forwardThe organism you are working with has the following chromosomes. Place the chromosomes of this organism onto the cell below such that the diagram accurately shows a primary meiocyte from this organism in metaphase I of meiosis. Note 1: Only place chromosomes you need. You don't need them all. Note 2: You can place the 'Blank Box' image if you don't think you need a chromosome at a particular position. Dashed linethe metaphase platearrow_forwardPut the following levels of chromosome organization in order from least complex (least packaged form) to most complex (most packaged form). DNA strand 30-nm fiber Heterochromatin Euchromatinarrow_forward
- The image below shows a standard human karyotype, from a metaphase cell. Note that the positioning of the chromosomes in the image is to aid visualization; they are not lined up this way in the cell. Вох 1 Вох 2 3 88 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. If the image represents a meiotic cell, what will happen to the DNA represented in Box 1 after meiosis is complete? а. It will be split equally between the four daughter cells. Ob. It will be split between two of the four daughter cells, with different amounts of DNA in each cell. O c. It will be split between two of the four daughter cells, with the same amounts of DNA in each cell. d It will all end up in one daughter cell.arrow_forwardAs shown gives the number of chromosomes in a haploid set of chromosomes. What is the lowest number in the table? What is the highest number? Most cells in plants are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes,so the number per nucleus should be doubled. How many chromosomes are present in each diploid potato nucleus? If a potato plant has 1 million cells, each with one diploid nucleus, how many chromosomes are present in the entire plant?arrow_forwarda chromosome can be sectioned into beads. what does each bead representarrow_forward
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