Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 19.4, Problem 19.9KCP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The type of side chain involved in holding the substrate in the active site and the type of chains involved in the catalytic activity of the enzyme has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Enzyme:
- It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.
- Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.
- Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.
- Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.
The enzyme can acts as a catalyst due to following capabilities given below:
- It can bring substrates and catalytic sites together.
- It gives acidic, basic or other groups required for catalysis.
- For the reaction to occur, enzyme holds substrate at exact distance and in exact orientation.
- It lowers the energy barrier.
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which of the following is a primary function of the active site of an enzyme?
All of the following are characteristics of the active site of an enzyme EXCEPT?
It has less water content compared to the cytoplasm.
It is found somewhere in the interior of the enzyme.
It is the binding site for many different kinds of molecules.
It has a complementary shape to its substrate.
If the shape of an enzyme’s active site were to change, what would happen to the reaction that the enzyme usually speeds up?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 19.1PCh. 19.1 - The enzyme LDH converts lactate to pyruvate. In...Ch. 19.2 - The cofactors NAD+, Cu2+, Zn2+, coenzyme A, FAD,...Ch. 19.3 - Describe the reactions that you would expect these...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 19.5PCh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.6PCh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.7PCh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.8PCh. 19.4 - Prob. 19.9KCPCh. 19.5 - Prob. 19.10KCP
Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 19.11PCh. 19.5 - Prob. 19.12PCh. 19.6 - Prob. 19.13PCh. 19.6 - Prob. 19.14PCh. 19.7 - (a) L-Threonine is converted to L-isoleucine in a...Ch. 19.8 - AZT (zidovudine) inhibits the synthesis of the HIV...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 19.3CIAPCh. 19.8 - Prob. 19.16PCh. 19.9 - Does the enzyme described in each of the following...Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 19.18PCh. 19.9 - Compare the structures of vitamin A and vitamin C....Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 19.20PCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.21KCPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.22PCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.4CIAPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.6CIAPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.7CIAPCh. 19.9 - Enzyme levels in blood are often elevated in...Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 19.9CIAPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.23PCh. 19 - Prob. 19.24UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.25UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.26UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.27UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.28APCh. 19 - Explain how the following mechanisms regulate...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.30APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.31APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.32APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.33APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.34APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.35APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.36APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.37APCh. 19 - Name an enzyme that acts on each molecule. (a)...Ch. 19 - Name an enzyme that acts on each molecule. (a)...Ch. 19 - What features of enzymes make them so specific in...Ch. 19 - Describe in general terms how enzymes act as...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.42APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.43APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.44APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.45APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.46APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.47APCh. 19 - What is the difference between the lock-and-key...Ch. 19 - Why is the induced-fit model a more likely model...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.50APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.51APCh. 19 - How do you explain the observation that pepsin, a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.53APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.54APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.55APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.56APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.57APCh. 19 - The text discusses three forms of enzyme...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.59APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.60APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.62APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.63APCh. 19 - The meat tenderizer used in cooking is primarily...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.65APCh. 19 - Why do allosteric enzymes have two types of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.67APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.68APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.69APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.70APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.71APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.72APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.73APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.74APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.75APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.76APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.77APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.78APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.79APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.80CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.81CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.82CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.83CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.84CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.85CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.86CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.87CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.88GPCh. 19 - The ability to change a selected amino acid...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.90GPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.91GP
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- The active site of an enzyme is a small portion of the enzyme molecule. What is the function of the rest of the huge molecule?arrow_forwardFour important properties of enzymes are high catalytic rate,high degree of substrate specificity, negligible formation ofside products, and _____________________.arrow_forwardWhy are most enzymes larger than the substrates on which they act?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not true about enzymes?a. They are consumed by the reactions they catalyze.b. They are usually made of amino acids.c. They lower the activation energy of chemical reactions.d. Each one is specific to the particular substrate(s) to which it binds.arrow_forwardHomeostasis is important for all of the functions of the human body. Why is maintaining homeostasis important for enzymes? Group of answer choices: To maintain their normal structure and function To prevent substrate from binding to the enzyme To allow the substrate to bind forever To cause the enzyme to fold differently for each reactionarrow_forwardAmylase is an enzyme found in saliva that breaks down starch. The enzyme is currently functioning at its optimal pH of 7 and optimal temperature of 32oC. Which of the following could result in an increase in the reaction rate? Providing an environment with a pH of 9. Decreasing enzyme concentration. Placing the reactants in an environment at 10oC. Increasing substrate concentration.arrow_forward
- What is the enzyme function? How does it work? Enzyme and substrate interaction? Why do enzymes work in a specific way?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning enzymes is TRUE? a. Enzymes can increase the equilibrium constant of a reaction by 1000-fold. b. The activity of many enzymes can be regulated. c. Many enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze. d. The rate of enzymatic catalysis is independent of pH.arrow_forwardAn organic molecule that catalyzes a chemical reaction, without itself becoming used up or consumed, is the correct definition for which of the following terms? the substrate the enzyme the reactant the ligand the productarrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes? a) They may interact chemically with their substrates b) They may catalyze a reaction in both forward and reverse directions. c) They may alter Keq for the reaction that they catalyze. d) They may decrease the entropy of their substrates.arrow_forwardEnzymes are not used up in chemical reactions, so what exactly does an enzyme do? Refer to activation energy (transition state etc)arrow_forwardIn addition to having 6 major classes that display different reactions, enzymes are specific and diverse, and are highly sensitive to ______________ and ______________arrow_forward
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