Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 19.64AP
The meat tenderizer used in cooking is primarily papain, a protease enzyme isolated from the fruit of the papaya tree. Why do you suppose papain is so effective at tenderizing meat?
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 19.1PCh. 19.1 - The enzyme LDH converts lactate to pyruvate. In...Ch. 19.2 - The cofactors NAD+, Cu2+, Zn2+, coenzyme A, FAD,...Ch. 19.3 - Describe the reactions that you would expect these...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 19.5PCh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.6PCh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.7PCh. 19.3 - Prob. 19.8PCh. 19.4 - Prob. 19.9KCPCh. 19.5 - Prob. 19.10KCP
Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 19.11PCh. 19.5 - Prob. 19.12PCh. 19.6 - Prob. 19.13PCh. 19.6 - Prob. 19.14PCh. 19.7 - (a) L-Threonine is converted to L-isoleucine in a...Ch. 19.8 - AZT (zidovudine) inhibits the synthesis of the HIV...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 19.3CIAPCh. 19.8 - Prob. 19.16PCh. 19.9 - Does the enzyme described in each of the following...Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 19.18PCh. 19.9 - Compare the structures of vitamin A and vitamin C....Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 19.20PCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.21KCPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.22PCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.4CIAPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.6CIAPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.7CIAPCh. 19.9 - Enzyme levels in blood are often elevated in...Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 19.9CIAPCh. 19.9 - Prob. 19.23PCh. 19 - Prob. 19.24UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.25UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.26UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.27UKCCh. 19 - Prob. 19.28APCh. 19 - Explain how the following mechanisms regulate...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.30APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.31APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.32APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.33APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.34APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.35APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.36APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.37APCh. 19 - Name an enzyme that acts on each molecule. (a)...Ch. 19 - Name an enzyme that acts on each molecule. (a)...Ch. 19 - What features of enzymes make them so specific in...Ch. 19 - Describe in general terms how enzymes act as...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.42APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.43APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.44APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.45APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.46APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.47APCh. 19 - What is the difference between the lock-and-key...Ch. 19 - Why is the induced-fit model a more likely model...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.50APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.51APCh. 19 - How do you explain the observation that pepsin, a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.53APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.54APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.55APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.56APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.57APCh. 19 - The text discusses three forms of enzyme...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.59APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.60APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.62APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.63APCh. 19 - The meat tenderizer used in cooking is primarily...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.65APCh. 19 - Why do allosteric enzymes have two types of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.67APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.68APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.69APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.70APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.71APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.72APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.73APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.74APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.75APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.76APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.77APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.78APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.79APCh. 19 - Prob. 19.80CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.81CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.82CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.83CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.84CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.85CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.86CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.87CPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.88GPCh. 19 - The ability to change a selected amino acid...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.90GPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.91GP
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- The cytochrome P450 family of monooxygenase enzymes are involved in the clearance of drugs/medications from our body. Many adverse drug -drug interactions are known to occur as a result of interaction with the cytochrome P450 enzymes. A large number of drugs are metabolized by the enzyme P450 3A4. Human P450 3A4 is known to metabolize midazolam, a sedative, to a hydroxylated product, 1'- hydroxymidazolam. The kinetic data shown below are for the reaction catalyzed by P450 3A4. a. Focusing on the first 2 columns, determine the Km and Vmax for the P450 3A4 enzyme. b. Ketoconazole, an antifungal drug, is known to cause adverse drug interactions when taken along with midazolam. Using the data in the table, determine the type of inhibition caused by ketoconazole. Explain how you arrived at your answer. Midazolam (uM) 00 AN1 2 14 8 Rate of product formation (pmol min-1) 100 156 222 323 Rate of product formation in presence of ketoconazole pmol min-1) 11 18 27 40arrow_forwardEnzyme + acetate + CoA ---> enzyme + acetyl _ CoAIn the reaction above, the enzyme is acting as a A) Modulator B) Cofactor C) Catalyst D) Activatorarrow_forwardAsaparrow_forward
- Classify the following enzymes: Oxidoreductase, Hydrolase, Transferase, Lyase, Ligase, Isomerase 1. Sucrase                                 - 2. Trypsin                                 - 3. Catalase                                - 4. Aspartate aminotransferase               - 5. Cellulase                                - 6. Ptyalin                                  - 7. Lactase                                 - 8. Creatinine phosphokinase                - 9. 5- alpha reductase                       - 10. Aminopeptidase                       -arrow_forwardEnzymatic activity is rapidly destroyed at physiologically high temperatures. How do you reconcile this observation with the existence of bacteria and algae that grow in hot springs where the temperature may be as high as 73 °C?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an appropriate definition of zymogen? a) An inactive enzyme precursor b) A digestive enzyme c) A protease d) All of the abovearrow_forward
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- The pathway shown below is used by a fungus to create Fructose-1,6-diphosphate from glucose. A silent mutation occurs in the gene that encodes enzyme 3. This fungus is grown on media that only contains the precursor. Discuss the effects of this mutation on: (i) The function of Enzyme 3 (iÃ) The production of Fructose-1,6-diphosphate Enzyme 1 Glucose-6- Enzyme 2 fructose-6- Enzyme 3 Fructose-1,6- Glucose phosphate phosphate diphosphatearrow_forwardPenicillin is an irreversible inhibitor. What is the name of the enzyme that it inhibits? How does that make penicillin a useful drug for us?arrow_forwardUDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes bind the organic compound UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GA) in order to catalyse the transfer of a glucuronic acid group from UDP-GA to a drug molecule, releasing UDP from the active site as a product. UDP is then regenerated by the activity of another enzyme. What terms could be used to describe UDP-GA?arrow_forward
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