Chapter 19, Problem 97A

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To explain the easiest theory of acid and base.

Concept Introduction: Acid is any substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions while a base is a substance.

Answer to Problem 97A

The easiest method of understanding acid and base is the Bronsted-Lowry concept.

Explanation of Solution

As per Arrhenius’s theory, acids are substances consisting of hydrogen that dissociates in water to produce protons while base consists of hydroxide that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions.

As per Bronsted-Lowry’s concept, acids are substances that are proton donors while the proton acceptors are known as bases.

When a substance accepts a pair of electrons in order to form a new bond, it is known as Lewis acid while a substance that donates a pair of electrons to form a bond is known as Lewis base.

The easiest theory to understand acid and base is the Bronsted-Lowry concept.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To explain how these explanations are accepted by chemists.

Concept Introduction: Acid is any substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions while a base is a substance.

Answer to Problem 97A

All these explanations about acids and bases are useful in chemical industries.

Explanation of Solution

As per Arrhenius’s theory, acids are substances consisting of hydrogen that dissociates in water to produce protons while base consists of hydroxide that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions.

As per Bronsted-Lowry’s concept, acids are substances that are proton donors while the proton acceptors are known as bases.

When a substance accepts a pair of electrons in order to form a new bond is known as Lewis acid while a substance that donates a pair of electrons to form a bond is known as Lewis base.

All three theories are accepted by chemists as the explanation for acid and the base is correct if one considers any of these theories.

But mostly, chemists also follow Bronsted-Lowry’s concept.