Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 19, Problem 1FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Taxonomy is defined as the branch of science in which
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_____ is the field that scientists use to organize and classify organisms based on evolutionary relationships using fossils or DNA. Whereas, _____ is the science of classifying organisms in a hierarchal model.
Biologists assign each organism on Earth to a species containing similar organisms. Related species are grouped into a _________, which is the next-larger type of biological taxon. The scientific name of a species starts with this larger taxon, and ends with a "specific epithet".
Group of answer choices
Order
Genus
Class
Family
Which statement best explains why the classification schemes of taxonomists have changed over time?
Some groups of organisms have unusual biochemistry.
There are no guidelines as to how organisms may be classified.
Improved technology increases the amount of information known about organisms.
Newly discovered organisms are always being added to the lowest levels of classification systems.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 19.1 - Analysis of human chromosome 2 revealed that it...Ch. 19.1 - Origin of a Killer Analysis of nucleotide...Ch. 19.1 - explain why scientific names are necessary?Ch. 19.1 - describe the type of similarities that...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 19.2 - explain how scientists discovered that prokaryotes...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 19.3 - Prob. 1CYL
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1CTCh. 19 - Prob. 1MCCh. 19 - To be informative for reconstructing the phylogeny...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19 - In modern systematics, classifications are...Ch. 19 - Which of the following includes all the domains...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 19 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 19 - In Linnaean classification, the eight major...Ch. 19 - Systematists determine the evolutionary...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 19 - The number of named species is about ________, but...Ch. 19 - What contributions did Linnaeus and Darwin make to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RQCh. 19 - What techniques might you use to determine whether...Ch. 19 - Only a small fraction of the total number of...Ch. 19 - In England, daddy longlegs refers to a long-legged...Ch. 19 - Why are species designations of asexually...Ch. 19 - Applying the Concepts The pressures created by...Ch. 19 - Applying the Concepts 2. During major floods, only...Ch. 19 - Consider the following list of groups: (1)...
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- Redside Dace, an endangered species of fish we discussed in class, is also know as Clinostomus elongatus, which is also referred to as its _________________ nomenclature. evolutionary ecological monomial none of the options are correct trinomial A(n) ___________ phylogeny helped researchers realize that bats were the original source of the SARS virus. fossil based all of the options are correct RNA based DNA based morphology basedarrow_forwardWhich statement best explains why the cjassification schemes of taxonomists have changed over time? Some groups of organisms have unusual biochemistry. There are no guidelines as to how organisms may be classified. Improved technology increases the amount of information known about organisms. Newly discovered organisms are always being added to the lowest levels of classification systems. Pause Previous DELLarrow_forwardAn important scientific theory that explains why organismsare at once so similar and so diverse is the theory of__________. This theory explains life’s diversity as having originated primarily through the process of_________.arrow_forward
- Match the correct label to locations A, B and C on the figure below. Evolutionary history, or phylogeny, is represented visually by a phylogenetic tree. Trees have a common structure, with a root, nodes, and branches. To determine evolutionary relationships among living or extinct organisms, consider the most recent common ancestors. Lizard C: Natural selection leads to new species or groups of species. Eu Jin Chew/Dreamstime.com Crocodile B: This is the common ancestor of all organisms on the tree. Infographic 16.10 Dinion for Channing World Third Edition Gert Vrey/Dreamstime.com Dinosaur (extinct) Time musk/Alamy Bird Danita Delimont/Alamy A: This is the last common ancestor of the organisms above this point in the tree (in this case, dinosaurs and birds).arrow_forwardOn a sheet of paper, completes each sentence correctly. 1. The process of creating new species is 2. A(n). is made of the living and nonliving things in an area. 3. When no members of a species are alive, the species is LUord that completes eacharrow_forwardMammalian species possess an amniotic, a character state also inferred to have been present in the ancestor they share with Reptilia. Thus, this shared homologous trait is a______________of Mammalia. Group of answer choices symplesiomorphy synapomorphy analogy homoplasy PreviousNextarrow_forward
- Natural selection acts upon ____________________________, evolution upon _______________________________. What is the gene pool and how does natural selection act upon it? If a version of a gene confers an advantage to survival and reproduction, that version of the gene will be favored by natural selection and we can expect the frequency of that gene to ______________________ within the population over time. Versions of the gene that do not confer an advantage (or confer a disadvantage) should become _______________ prevalent . This generation to generation change in the gene pool is called ________________________. Changes to the genetic makeup of a population and the individuals within it can arise via two mechanisms. List and describe both. Both of these processes are ________________________________. Once created, new combinations of genes will be acted upon by _________new alleles_______________________. How is Darwinian “fitness” different than the typical definition used in…arrow_forwardA field of Biology that provides an in-depth understanding of how species evolve through genetic changes overtime. Cladistics Taxonomy Phylogenetics Systematicsarrow_forwardThe more complex a structure is the more likely it is that the organisms that have it share a common ancestor. True Falsearrow_forward
- Orders are divided into? Classes Phyla Kingdoms Domains Speciesarrow_forwardWhich level of taxonomic classification will have the the most types of organisms included within it (i.e. the collective largest)? Phylum Domain Kingdom Order Genusarrow_forwardCreate a Venn Diagram to show the relatedness of these organisms. Start with the trait that is shared by all the organisms on the outside. Inside each box, write the organisms that have only that set of traits. Comparative Morphology Data. Using your text and prior knowledge, determine the morphological characteristics of the organisms in table. For every characteristic the organism possesses, put a check in that box. Limbs Has Organism Multicellular Segmented Body Jaws Hair (not fins) Bone Amoeba Sponge Earthworm Shark Lizard Kangaroo Dolphin Cat Molecular Evidence. Cytochrome c is a protein located in the mitochondria of cells involved with cellular respiration. Compare each organism's Cytochrome CDNA sequences with the ancestor cell and each other. Circle or highlight the differences (mutations) present in the cytochrome CDNA sequences from ancestor cell. ANCESTOR CE A TTAG CGACCAGTATAT C CTACA ATC CGT C TACTT CATTO ATTAGCG A CC AGTTTATCC TACAATC CCGTCTACTTCAT 11 ATTATCG AC CA G TT…arrow_forward
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