Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 17.1, Problem 2MC
Summary Introduction
To enlist:
Several ways in which prokaryotes have influenced evolution.
Concept introduction:
Prokaryotes were the first organisms that inhabited the Earth. They lived in the extremes conditions that prevailed on Earth at that time and their activities greatly altered the history of life on Earth.
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Describe some of the hypotheses on the origin of life and the characteristics of early prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and multicellular organisms.
Describe the evidence that supports the endosymbiotic theory of evolution of eukaryotes.
List three ways in which prokaryotes are important to humans and the environment.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 17.1 - What are two domains that contain prokaryotes?Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 17.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 17.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 17.2 - What does the Gram stain reveal about a cell?Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 17.2 - Prob. 5MCCh. 17.2 - How are molecular data changing microbial...
Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 7MCCh. 17.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 17.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 17.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 17.4 - What adaptations enable pathogenic bacteria to...Ch. 17.4 - What are some practical uses of bacteria and...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 17.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 17 - A prokaryotic cell is one that a. lacks DNA. b....Ch. 17 - Which of these is a distinguishing characteristic...Ch. 17 - What feature distinguishes the cell walls of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 17 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 17 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 17 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 17 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 17 - Explain why the antibiotics penicillin and...Ch. 17 - Give five examples that illustrate how bacteria...Ch. 17 - If you were developing a new "broad-spectrum"...Ch. 17 - Ernst Mayr defined a biological species as a...Ch. 17 - In an article in Nature magazine, Sean Nee wrote...Ch. 17 - Ecosystems rely on nitrogen -fixing bacteria,...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 17 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 17 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 17 - Prob. 10WIOCh. 17 - Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes most cases of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1PITCh. 17 - Add autotrophs, heterotrophs, phototrophs, and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3PITCh. 17 - Prob. 4PITCh. 17 - Prob. 5PIT
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- Using the analogy of a one-hour countdown timer, when did prokaryotes originate? When did the colonization of land occur?arrow_forwardEvolutionary microbiologists developed a theory about a common ancestor for all eukaryotic cells. Below is a model of the theorized changes during the origin of eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes are not capable of phagocytosis, or engulfing outside particles by creating a pocket in the cell membrane. Which of the following changes in early prokaryotes could be predicted to result in the emergence of eukaryotic organisms? A - the development of genetic transfer mechanisms in prokaryotes B - the evolution of predatory or parasitic relationships in prokaryotes C - the emergence of collections of cells functioning together in prokaryotes D = the expansion of internal structures to support larger individual cells in prokaryotesarrow_forwardWhy is the advent of cyanobacteria considered a critical step in evolution?arrow_forward
- The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is thought to be necessary for transcription in all eukaryotic cell nuclei. Studies show that archaea, but not bacteria,have a protein structurally and functionally similar to TBP. What does this similarity suggest regarding the evolution of archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes? How might knowledge of this similarity affect how systematists classify these organisms?arrow_forwardFossil evidence indicates that prokaryotes have been around for about 3.5 billion years, whereas the origin of eukaryotes has been dated at only about 1.5 billion years ago. Suggest why, in spite of the lesser time for evolution, eukaryotes are much more diverse (have a much larger number of species) than prokaryotes.arrow_forwardBased on the accompanying evolutionary tree, which prokaryotic domain gave rise to the domain Eukarya? Which kingdom in domain Eukarya gave rise to plants, animals, and fungi?arrow_forward
- 1) Name and give a brief account of the theory that explains the evolution of Eukaryotic cells from Prokaryotic cells. 2) Explain the reactions that occur to form polysaccharides, using starch as an example. 3) What do enzymes do? What are their main structural features? Give an example of a biological enzyme. 4) Describe the structure of fats and lipids. Why are some solid at room temperature whereas others, particularly from plants, are liquid? Briefly describe the structure of an animal cell. What are the main differences between animal and plant cells? Briefly outline the steps involved in the synthesis of ATP in eukaryotic cellsarrow_forwardWhich of the following characters evolved last (i.e., most recently)? A) Heredity B) Photosynthesis C) Multicellularity D) Eukaryotic cells E) Prokaryotic cellsarrow_forwardSelect all of the ways that prokaryotes are important for humans and ecosystems.arrow_forward
- List two features that distinguish prokaryotes from eukaryotes.arrow_forwardBased on genes from mitochordrial DNA the most accepted tree of life includes three domains. Eukaryotes and archaea are most closely related to each other than either are to bacteria. MRNA rRNA TRNA 0000arrow_forwardThe introductory passage describes the identification of eukaryotic signature genes in Lokiarchaeota, explaining that these suggest that bacteria were acquired by archaeal cells to give rise to the Eukarya. Prior to this event, a series of events needed to take place in order for life to arise on Earth. Put the events below into the correct order to summarize the hypothesized path from prebiotic chemistry to evolutionary diversification, beginning with the earliest event. Place the items below in the correct order. Items may overlap if events occur simultaneously. ► View Available Hint(s) Bacteria and Archaea diverged. Self-replicating and catalytic RNA developed (the "RNA world"). DNA genomes developed, along with the processes of DNA replication and transcription. Lipid bilayers surrounded the earliest cells and allowed the formation of cellular compartments. Biological building blocks (amino acids, nucleosides, and sugars) appeared. Archaea and Eukarya diverged. Protein synthesis…arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License