Which of the following characters evolved last (i.e., most recently)? A) Heredity B) Photosynthesis C) Multicellularity D) Eukaryotic cells E) Prokaryotic cells

16) Bacterial DNA replication is said to be: a) Linear b) curvilinear c) circular d) exponential e) hyperbolic 17) Cytokinesis in bacteria takes place through a process called: a) Cleavage b) septation c) cell plate formation d) molting e) cytolysis 18) The time in minutes at a specific temperature needed to kill a population of cells or spores is called: a) Z value b) K value c) Q10 d) D value e) F value19) If patients are allergic to penicillin, then you prescribe __ as an alternative: a) Tetracycline b) Cephalosporin c) Erythromycin d) Sulfonamides e) Fluoroquinolones 20) Biological control of Salmonella is by using: a) E. Coli (ETEC Strain) b) Shigella c) Bdellovibrio d) Plasmodium e) Spirillum

1) What theory woulf be the (unifying) central theme of Biology? a) Transcription b) Spontaneous generation c) Evolution d) Biogenesis e) Abiogenesis

1.) Which of the following is not part of the early cell theory? A)All organisms are multicellular. B)All organisms are made of one or more cells. C)The cell is the fundamental unit of life. D)All cells come from preexisting cells.   2) Which of the following features is not common to all cells? A)cell wall B)ribosomes C)RNA and DNA D)cytoplasm   3) Which of the following does not describe an organism in the domain bacteria? A)Has a typical cell size of 10-100 micrometers. B)Is considered a prokaryote. C)Can use a flagella to swim in fluids. D)Contains a nucleod region.

The membrane structure that eventually evolved into the double nuclear membrane of the eukaryotes first appears in the: A) Chemical evolution, B) Prokaryotes, C) Eukaryotes, D) the protocell, E) Plants.

1:09 e" behind each; 1 pt each) a) Viruses can have DNA or RNA genes b) Antibiotics can kill bacteria, viruses and fungi 4485% c) Irradiating food will make it radioactive d) A "silent" mutation has no effect on the organism e) Photosynthesis requires oxygen f) The human microbiota is the same in all people g) In the genetic code, more than one codon can code for the same amino acid h) Bioluminescence depends on quorum sensing i) Oxygen is toxic to some microbes j) Genes carry instructions on how to make a cell's proteins, carbohydrates and fats k) Bacterial conjugation can happen between members of different species 1) wiping your kitchen counter with a bleach dilution will sterilize it 2) Put the steps of a virus infecting a target cell in the right order:

Which of the following is correct regarding multicellularity? a) All protists are unicellular organisms b) Colonies of bacteria are considered multicellular organisms c) It arises from endosymbiosis d) In animals, multicellularity involved the evolution of a new sequence domain in proteins called cadherins that allow cells to attach to one another e) Multicellularity evolved only once in all eukaryotes

Gene therapy is used to treat defects in__________.a) Somatic cell.                                          b) Organ c) Tissue d) Reproductive Cell

Which of the following can self-replicate?A) centrosomeB) mitochondriaC) peroxisomeD) B and CE) all

For each of the following indicate if they evolved once, twice, or perhaps several times. a) acquisition of mitochondria b) acquisition of chloroplast c) multicellularity            d) origin of ribosomes