Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 16, Problem 2VC
Summary Introduction
To indicate:
Draw and explain the expected agglutination pattern for a universal donor blood type.
Introduction:
ABO blood group system is the classification of human blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigens A and B on the surface of the red blood cells (erythrocytes). Persons may four type of blood group type A, type B, type O, or type AB blood. A blood group is further classified in the basis of presence or absence of RH antigen factor on the surface of erythrocytes.
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Describe agglutination reaction test used to determine A, B , AB or O blood types. Must explain each agglutination reactions involving A, B, AB and O blood type and all antigens and antibodies involved in each reaction.
1. A 35 year old male met a vehicular accident and is
bleeding profusely. He needs transfusion of fresh
whole blood.
2. What data is necessary to ensure safe blood
transfusion?
3. What are the bases for the different blood types?
Explain.
4. The patient is blood type B. What possible blood
types can be transfused to this patient? Explain.
5. Explain the process of crossmatching.
6. What may happen if the patient is transfused with
incompatible blood?
I.
A mother gave birth to her second child. After a few hours,
the baby develops jaundice, irritability, seizures and
enlarged liver. The mother is blood type A RH(-) and the
father is blood type o RH (+).
1. What is the possible diagnosis for this baby? Explain.
2. Why were these manifestations not present in the
first baby?
3. What are the possible modes of treatment for this
disorder?
4. Explain the RH system of blood typing.
Samples of blood have been placed in each of the three depressions along with appropriate anti-serum (anti-A, anti-B, and
anti-RH). What is the person's blood type? (Dark dots indicate clumping, bank circles indicate no clumping.)
Blood type of diagram below:
anti-A serum
anti-B serum
anti-Rh serum
Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 16.1 - Define immunopathology, and describe the two major...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 2AYPCh. 16.2 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 16.2 - Outline the steps of a type I allergic response,...Ch. 16.2 - Identify three conditions caused by IgE-mediated...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 16.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 16.2 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 16.3 - List the three immune components causing cell...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 16.5 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 16.5 - List four classes of grafts, and explain how host...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 16.6 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 16.7 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 16.7 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 16.7 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - The contact with allergen that results in symptoms...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 11TFCh. 16 - Prob. 12TFCh. 16 - Prob. 13TFCh. 16 - Prob. 14TFCh. 16 - Prob. 15TFCh. 16 - Prob. 1CTQCh. 16 - Summarize the roles of the microbiome and genetics...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 16 - Prob. 4CTQCh. 16 - Prob. 5CTQCh. 16 - From chapter 15. figure 15.1. How would a persons...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2VCCh. 16 - Prob. 1CM
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- What is an agglutination response? How can it be avoided when blood is transfused?arrow_forwardQ. What is the difference between blood type and blood group. Person with what blood type can be a universal recipient ? Explain. Person with what blood type can be a universal donor? Explain. Explain, what is Bombay phenotype? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt v Paragraph |BIUAarrow_forwardSituation: A member of the community needs a blood transfusion. Four people from his neighborhood volunteer to donate their blood, but they don't know their blood types. The patient has a less common blood type, Type B Rh, or Type B To find out if the patient can accept blood from any of the potential donors, the medical staff must type the blood of the four volunteers. In this investigation, you will leam how to type blood and then choose the best matches for the patients.arrow_forward
- Explain the difference between the four primary blood types that are described by the ABO system. Be sure to address why these differences lead to the incompatibilities observed when it comes to blood donations and transfusions.arrow_forwardA woman has O-negative blood. The following is a list of her children and their blood types. If she was not given RhoGAM, which child would be at risk for erythroblastosis fetalis? Baby 1: O- Baby 2: A- Baby 3: A+ Baby 4: O+ Baby 5: A-arrow_forwardPhenotype: A2B 1. Give the possible genotype/s of A:B 2. If you were to perform the blood typing of this individual, what are the expected results given the following reagents Phenotype Forward typing (reagents) Reverse typing (reagents) Anti-A Anti-B Anti-H A cells B cells Al Write "+" for presence of agglutination and "-" for absence of agglutination 3. Explain the results of the blood typing, why would there be a "+" or a "" reaction during the testing. Relate your answer to the presence/absence of antigens and/or antibodiesarrow_forward
- I. Blood Typing Red blood cells are coated in antigens made of glycolipids and glycoproteins. The composition of these molecules is determined by genetics, which have evolved over time. The two most well-known blood groups are the ABO and Rh systems. The surface antigens in the ABO blood group are glycolipids, called antigen A and antigen B. People with blood type A have antigen A, those with blood type B have antigen B, those with blood type AB have both antigens, and people with blood type O have neither antigen. Antibodies called agglutinogens are found in the blood plasma and react with the A or B antigens, if the two are mixed. When type A and type B blood are combined, agglutination (clumping) of the blood occurs because of antibodies in the plasma that bind with the opposing antigen; this causes clots that coagulate in the kidney causing kidney failure. Type O blood has neither A or B antigens, and therefore, type O blood can be given to all blood types. Type O negative blood is…arrow_forwardA patient requires a blood transfusion after experiencing blood loss due to a traumatic injury. The patient's record lists their blood type as B+, Out of the following available options in the blood bank, what is the best type of donor blood to give to this patient? O Type A blood with antibodies removed via centrifugation O Type O- blood with antibodies removed via centrifugation Type AB+ blood with antibodies removed via centrifugation O Type O- whole bloodarrow_forwardBACKGROUND A 2-year-old black girl is being seen by the hematologist after her pediatrician found her to be severely anemic with splenomegaly and jaundice. Her mother gives a possible history of a “blood problem” in her family but doesn’t know for sure. Her hemoglobin electrophoresis was normal, and the complete blood count (CBC) revealed a normocytic anemia. The platelet and white blood cell counts are normal. On the peripheral smear, there are many bizarre erythrocytes, including spiculated cells. A diagnosis of pyruvate kinase deficiency is made. Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) can be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, which means that a child must inherit a gene with the disease-causing mutation from both parents in order for the disorder to be inherited. The PLKR gene regulates the synthesis of the pyruvate kinase enzyme, which is located in the liver and red blood cells. Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the premature…arrow_forward
- In family 3, can the mother or father donate blood to their child? Explain your answer. What would happen if someone did not receive a compatible blood type during a blood transfusion? (Hint: Reaction between antigens and antibodies when blood typing.)arrow_forwardTable 4: Presence or Absence of Agglutination Child 1 Mother 3 Mother 2 Father 2 No Child 2 No Anti-A Sera No Agglut Agglut No Anti-B Sera No Agglut Agglut No Anti-Rh Sera Agglut Agglut No Agglut No Blood Type AB- O+ ▼ A+ O+ B- ▼ B+ ▼ What is the blood type of the mother, father, and child in Family 1? What is the blood type of the mother, father, and child in Family 2? What is the blood type of the mother, father, and child in Family 3? Mother 1 Father 1 Agglut No Agglut No No Agglut Father 3 No No No O- Child 3 Agglut No No A- ▼arrow_forwardAB negative blood can be and can not be donated to which blood groups? Explain with reason.arrow_forward
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