Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 6TY
To determine
The options those are true for variable stars.
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Choose the correct statements from the following list referring to white dwarfs. (Give ALL correct answers, i.e. B, AB, BCD...)
A) Stars with a mass like the Sun will end up as a white dwarf star.
B) White dwarfs with mass greater than 1.4 times the Sun's mass cannot exist.
C) White dwarfs are less dense than red giants.
D) The pressure that balances gravity in a white dwarf is called degenerate electron pressure.
E) White dwarfs cool slowly because they are small and eventually fade-out to become black dwarfs.
F) The power source of white dwarfs is left-over heat.
G) White dwarfs are the coolest main sequence stars.
Using solar units, we find that a star has 4 times the luminosity of the Sun, a mass 1.25 times the mass of the Sun, and a surface temperature of 4090 K (take the Sun's surface temperature to be 5784 K for the sake of this problem). This means the star has a radius of.................... solar radii and is a .................... star (use the classification).
We will take a moment to compare how brightly a white dwarf star shines compared to a red giant star. For the sake of this problem, let's assume a white dwarf has a temperature around 10,000 K and a red giant has a temperature around 5,000 K. As for their stellar radiatin, the white dwarf has a radius about 1/100th that of the Sun, and a red giant has a radius around 100 times larger than the Sun.
With this in mind, how does the luminosity of a red giant star compare to that of a white dwarf (Hint: do not try to enter all of these numbers into the luminosity equation {it won't go well}; instead, remember that you are only interested in the ratio between the two, so all common units and components can be divided out)?
Please enter your answer in terms of the luminosity of the red giant divided by the luminosity of the white dwarf and round to two significant figures. Also, please avoid using commas in your answer.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
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- Choose the statements that correctly describe the characteristics of the stars located in the labeled quadrants of the H-R diagram. Luminosityarrow_forwardChoose the correct statements concerning spectral classes of stars. (Give ALL correct answers, i.e., B, AC, BCD...) A) K-stars are dominated by lines from ionized helium because they are so hot. B) Oh Be A Fine Guy/Girl Kiss Me, is a mnemonic for remembering spectral classes. C) The spectral sequence has recently been expanded to include L, T, and Y classes. D) Hydrogen lines are weak in type O-stars because most of it is completely ionized. E) Neutral hydrogen lines dominate the spectrum for stars with temperatures around 10,000 K because a lot of the hydrogen is in the n=2 level. F) The spectral types of stars arise primarily as a result of differences in chemical composition.arrow_forwarda) What is a binary star system? (b) describe briefly two methods for showing that a system is a binary.arrow_forwardChoose the correct statements concerning spectral classes of stars. (Give ALL correct answers, i.e., B, AC, BCD...) A) Neutral hydrogen lines dominate the spectrum for stars with temperatures around 10,000 K because a lot of the hydrogen is in the n=2 level. B) Hydrogen lines are weak in type O-stars because most of it is completely ionized. C) Oh Be A Fine Guy/Girl Kiss Me, is a mnemonic for remembering spectral classes. D) The spectral sequence has recently been expanded to include L, T, and Y classes. E) K-stars are dominated by lines from ionized helium because they are so hot. F) The spectral types of stars arise primarily as a result of differences in temperature.arrow_forwardUse the H-R Diagram below to help answer the following questions. Luminosity (solar units) 10,000+ 1,000+ 100+ 10- .01+ .001+ .0001 B White Dwarfs 20,000 B Spectral Type A Main Sequence D 10,000 Temperature (K) FGK Red Giants 5,000 M -5 10 15 Absolute Magnitudearrow_forwardIndicate whether the following statements are true or false (Select T-True, F-False. If the first is T and the rest are F, enter TFFFF) A) A planetary nebula forms when a star violently explodes. B) White dwarfs are composed mostly of hydrogen. C) A white dwarf is the remnant of the star's core visible after the outer layers have been ejected. D) A planetary nebula is the remnant of the outer envelope of a star. E) White dwarfs are small dense objects about the size of the Earth.arrow_forwardDust was originally discovered because the stars in certain clusters seemed to be fainter than expected. Suppose a star is behind a cloud of dust that dims its brightness by a factor of 100. Suppose you do not realize the dust is there. How much in error will your distance estimate be? Can you think of any measurement you might make to detect the dust?arrow_forwardAutomobiles are often used as an analogy to help people better understand how more massive stars have much shorter main-sequence lifetimes compared to less massive stars. Can you explain such an analogy using automobiles?arrow_forwardWhat elements are stars mostly made of? How do we know this?arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
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